1887

Abstract

A novel solvent-producing, anaerobic clostridium, strain P7, was isolated from sediment from an agricultural settling lagoon after enrichment with CO as the substrate. The metabolism of this Gram-positive, motile, spore-forming rod was primarily acetogenic. Acetate, ethanol, butyrate and butanol were the end-products of metabolism. Strain P7 grew on CO, H/CO, glucose, galactose, fructose, xylose, mannose, cellobiose, trehalose, cellulose, starch, pectin, citrate, glycerol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol, butanol, glutamate, aspartate, alanine, histidine, asparagine, serine, betaine, choline and syringate as sole substrates. Growth was not supported by methanol, formate, -arabinose, fucose, lactose, melibiose, amygdalin, gluconate, lactate, malate, arginine, glutamine or vanillate. Nitrate reduction, production of indole, gelatin hydrolysis and aesculin hydrolysis were not observed. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate showed that it was closely related to ATCC 25775 (99·7 % sequence similarity) and clostridial strain SL1 (99·8 % sequence similarity). Strain SL1 had been classified as a strain of . However, DNA–DNA reassociation analysis showed that both strain P7 and strain SL1 represented novel clostridial species. It is proposed that strain P7 (=ATCC BAA-624=DSM 15243) be classified as the type strain of sp. nov. and that strain SL1 (=ATCC BAA-623=DSM 12750) be reclassified as the type strain of sp. nov.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.63482-0
2005-09-01
2024-12-14
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/55/5/ijs552085.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.63482-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Adler H. I., Crow W. 1987; A technique for predicting the solvent-producing ability of Clostridium acetobutylicum . Appl Environ Microbiol 53:2496–2499
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Balch W. E., Wolfe R. S. 1976; New approach to the cultivation of methanogenic bacteria: 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid (HS-CoM)-dependent growth of Methanobacterium ruminantium in a pressurized atmosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol 32:781–791
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brosius J., Palmer M. L., Kennedy P. J., Noller H. F. 1978; Complete nucleotide sequence of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene from Escherichia coli . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75:4801–4805 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Buschhorn H., Durre P., Gottschalk G. 1989; Production and utilization of ethanol by the homoacetogen Acetobacterium woodii . Appl Environ Microbiol 55:1835–1840
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cashion P., Holder-Franklin M. A., McCully J., Franklin M. 1977; A rapid method for the base ratio determination of bacterial DNA. Anal Biochem 81:461–466 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Cato E. P., George W. L., Finegold S. M. 1986; Genus Clostridium Prazmowski 1880, 23AL . In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology vol. 2 pp  1141–1200 Edited by Sneath P. H. A., Mair N. S., Sharpe M. E., Holt J. G. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Collins M. D., Lawson P. A., Willems A., Cordoba J. J., Fernandez-Garayzabal J., Garcia P., Cai J., Hippe H., Farrow J. A. E. 1994; The phylogeny of the genus Clostridium : proposal of five new genera and eleven new species combinations. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:812–826 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. De Ley J., Cattoir H., Reynaerts A. 1970; The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Eur J Biochem 12:133–142 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Drake H. L. (editor) 1994; Acetogenesis . New York: Chapman & Hall;
  10. Dubois M., Gilles K. A., Hamilton J. K., Rebers P. A., Smith F. 1956; Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28:350–356 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Escara J. F., Hutton J. R. 1980; Thermal stability and renaturation of DNA in dimethyl sulfoxide solutions: acceleration of the renaturation rate. Biopolymers 19:1315–1327 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Felsenstein J. 1985; Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Felsenstein J. 1993 phylip (phylogeny inference package), version 3.5c. Distributed by the author. Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington; Seattle, USA:
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Fox G. E., Wisotzkey J. D., Jurtshuk P. Jr 1992; How close is close: 16S rRNA sequence identity may not be sufficient to guarantee species identity. Int J Syst Bacteriol 42:166–170 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Genthner B. R. S., Davis C. L., Bryant M. P. 1981; Features of rumen and sewage sludge strains of Eubacterium limosum , a methanol- and H2–CO2-utilizing species. Appl Environ Microbiol 42:12–19
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Grethlein A. J., Worden R. M., Jain M. K., Datta R. 1991; Evidence for production of n-butanol from carbon monoxide by Butyribacterium methylotrophicum . J Ferment Bioeng 72:58–60 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Gutell R. R., Larsen N., Woese C. R. 1994; Lessons from an evolving rRNA: 16S and 23S rRNA structures from a comparative perspective. Microbiol Rev 58:10–26
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Holdeman L. V., Cato E. P., Moore W. E. C. 1977 Anaerobe Laboratory Manual , 4th edn. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hungate R. E. 1969; A roll tube method for cultivation of strict anaerobes. Methods Microbiol 3B:117–132
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Huß V. A. R., Festl H., Schleifer K.-H. 1983; Studies on the spectrometric determination of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Syst Appl Microbiol 4:184–192 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Jahnke K.-D. 1992; Basic computer program for evaluation of spectroscopic DNA renaturation data from GILFORD System 2600 spectrometer on a PC/XT/AT type personal computer. J Microbiol Methods 15:61–73 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Johnson J. L., Francis B. S. 1975; Taxonomy of the clostridia: ribosomal ribonucleic acid homologies among the species. J Gen Microbiol 88:229–244 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kusel K., Dorsch T., Acker G., Stackebrandt E., Drake H. L. 2000; Clostridium scatologenes strain SL1 isolated as an acetogenic bacterium from acidic sediments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:537–546 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Ludwig W. 1991; DNA sequencing in bacterial systematics. In Nucleic Acid Techniques in Bacterial Systematics pp  69–95 Edited by Stackebrandt E., Goodfellow M. New York: Wiley;
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Mesbah M., Premachandran U., Whitman W. B. 1989; Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:159–167 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Olsen G. J., Matsuda H., Hagström R., Overbeek R. 1994; fastDNAmL: a tool for construction of phylogenetic trees of DNA sequences using maximum likelihood. Comput Appl Biosci 10:41–48
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Smibert R. M., Krieg N. R. 1994; Phenotypic characterization. In Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology pp  607–654 Edited by Gerhardt P., Murray R. G. E., Wood W. A., Krieg N. R. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Stackebrandt E., Goebel B. M. 1994; Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:846–849 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Stackebrandt E., Hippe H. 2001; Taxonomy and systematics. In Clostridia pp  19–48 Edited by Bahl H., Dürre P. New York: Wiley-VCH;
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Swofford D. L. 2000 paup 4.0 beta, version 4.0b4a Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates;
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Tanner R. S. 2002; Cultivation of bacteria and fungi. In Manual of Environmental Microbiology , 2nd edn. pp  62–70 Edited by Hurst C. J., Crawford R. L., Knudsen G. R., McInerney M. J., Stetzenbach L. D. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Tanner R. S., Miller L. M., Yang D. 1993; Clostridium ljungdahlii sp. nov., an acetogenic species in clostridial rRNA homology group I. Int J Syst Bacteriol 43:232–236 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Vega J. L., Prieto S., Elmore B. B., Clausen E. C., Gaddy J. L. 1989; The biological production of ethanol from synthesis gas. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 20/21:781–797 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Versalovic J., Schneider M., de Bruijn F. J., Lupski J. R. 1994; Genomic fingerprinting of bacteria using repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction. Methods Mol Cell Biol 5:25–40
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Wayne L. G., Brenner D. J., Colwell R. R. 9 other authors 1987; International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Weisberg W. G., Barns S. M., Pelletier D. A., Lane D. J. 1991; 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J Bacteriol 173:697–703
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Worden R. M., Grethlein A. J., Jain M. K., Datta R. 1991; Production of butanol and ethanol from synthesis gas via fermentation. Fuel 70:615–619 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.63482-0
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.63482-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF

Supplementary material 2

PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error