Planomicrobium chinense sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment, and transfer of Planococcus psychrophilus and Planococcus alkanoclasticus to Planomicrobium as Planomicrobium psychrophilum comb. nov. and Planomicrobium alkanoclasticum comb. nov.
An aerobic, motile, Gram-positive strain, DX3-12T, was isolated from coastal sediment of the Eastern China Sea in Fujian Province, China, and was identified by means of polyphasic taxonomy. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain DX3-12T was closely related to members of the genera Planomicrobium and Planococcus. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain DX3-12T and Planomicrobium mcmeekinii, Planomicrobium koreense, Planomicrobium okeanokoites, Planococcus psychrophilus and Planococcus alkanoclasticus were 97·8, 97·8, 97·1, 97·5 and 96·4 %, respectively. Chemotaxonomic and physiological properties of strain DX3-12T supported its affiliation to the genus Planomicrobium. Strain DX3-12T and Planomicrobium mcmeekinii exhibited common phenotypic properties such as the ability to reduce nitrate, but they could be distinguished from each other by physiological and biochemical tests, e.g. acid production from glucose, growth temperature and NaCl concentration requirements. DNA–DNA hybridization further distinguished strain DX3-12T from Planomicrobium mcmeekinii at the species level. Therefore, it is proposed that strain DX3-12T (=AS 1.3454T=JCM 12466T) represents a novel species, Planomicrobium chinense sp. nov. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, signature nucleotides, cell morphology and physiological and biochemical properties, Planococcus psychrophilus and Planococcus alkanoclasticus have been transferred to the genus Planomicrobium as Planomicrobium psychrophilum comb. nov. (type strain DSM 14507T=MTCC 3812T) and Planomicrobium alkanoclasticum comb. nov. (type strain NCIMB 13489T=CIP 107718T), respectively.
CollinsM. D.1985; Isoprenoid quinone analysis in classification and identification. In Chemical Methods in Bacterial Systematics pp 267–287 Edited by
GoodfellowM.,
MinnikinD. E.
London: Academic Press;
EguchiM.,
IshikawaT.,
MacDonaldK.,
CavicchioliR.,
GottschalJ. C.,
KjellebergS.1996; Response to stress and nutrient availability by the marine ultramicrobacterium Sphingomonas sp. strain RB2256. Appl Environ Microbiol 62:1287–1294
EngelhardtM. A.,
DalyK.,
SwannellR. P. J.,
HeadI. M.2001; Isolation and characterization of a novel hydrocarbon-degrading, Gram-positive bacterium, isolated from intertidal sediment, and description of Planococcus alkanoclasticus sp. nov. J Appl Microbiol 90:237–247[CrossRef]
KimuraM.1980; A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120[CrossRef]
MayilrajS.,
PrasadG. S.,
SureshK.,
SainiH. S.,
ShivajiS.,
ChakrabartiT.2005; Planococcus stackebrandtii sp. nov., isolated from a cold desert of the Himalayas, India. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:91–94[CrossRef]
NakagawaN.,
SakaneT.,
YokotaA.1996; Emendation of the genus Planococcus and transfer of Flavobacterium okeanokoites Zobell and Upham 1944 to the genus Planococcus as Planococcus okeanokoites comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:866–870[CrossRef]
ReddyG. S. N.,
PrakashJ. S. S.,
VairamaniM.,
PrabhakarS.,
MatsumotoG. I.,
ShivajiS.2002; Planococcus antarcticus and Planococcus psychrophilus spp. nov. isolated from cyanobacterial mat samples collected from ponds in Antarctica. Extremophiles 6:253–261[CrossRef]
ThompsonJ. D.,
GibsonT. J.,
PlewniakF.,
JeanmouginF.,
HigginsD. G.1997; The clustal_x windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876–4882[CrossRef]
WuC.,
LuX.,
QinM.,
WangY.,
RuanJ.1989; Analysis of menaquinone compound in microbial cells by HPLC. Microbiology (English translation of Mikrobiologiya) 16176–178
YoonJ.-H.,
KangS.-S.,
LeeK.-C.,
LeeE.-S.,
KhoY. H.,
KangK. E.,
ParkY.-H.2001; Planomicrobium koreense gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from the Korean traditional fermented seafood jeotgal, and transfer of Planococcus okeanokoites (Nakagawa et al
. 1996) and Planococcus mcmeekinii (Junge et al . 1998) to the genus Planomicrobium . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51, 1511–1520
YoonJ.-H.,
WeissN.,
KangK.-H.,
OhT.-K.,
ParkY.-H.2003; Planococcus maritimus sp. nov., isolated from sea water of a tidal flat in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:2013–2017[CrossRef]
ZhangD.,
YangH.,
ZhangW.,
HuangZ.,
LiuS.-J.2003; Rhodocista pekingensis sp. nov., a cyst-forming phototrophic bacterium from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1111–1114[CrossRef]
Planomicrobium chinense sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment, and transfer of Planococcus psychrophilus and Planococcus alkanoclasticus to Planomicrobium as Planomicrobium psychrophilum comb. nov. and Planomicrobium alkanoclasticum comb. nov.