A Gram-negative, spiral-shaped, chemolithotrophic, ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, designated APG3T, was isolated into pure culture from sandy lake sediment collected from Green Lake, Seattle, WA, USA. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain APG3T belongs to cluster 0 of the genus Nitrosospira, which is presently not represented by described species, with Nitrosospira multiformis (cluster 3) as the closest species with a validly published name (identity of 98.6 % to the type strain). Strain APG3T grew at 4 °C but could not grow at 35 °C, indicating that this bacterium is psychrotolerant. Remarkably, the strain was able to grow over a wide range of pH (pH 5–9), which was greater than the pH range of any studied ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in pure culture. The DNA G+C content of the APG3T genome is 53.5 %, which is similar to that of Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196T (53.9 %) but higher than that of Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718 (50.7 %) and Nitrosomonas eutropha C71 (48.5 %). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) calculated for the genomes of strain APG3T and Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196T was 75.45 %, significantly lower than the value of 95 % ANI that corresponds to the 70 % species-level cut-off based on DNA–DNA hybridization. Overall polyphasic taxonomy study indicated that strain APG3T represents a novel species in the genus Nitrosospira, for which the name Nitrosospira lacus sp. nov. is proposed (type strain APG3T = NCIMB 14869T = LMG 27536T = ATCC BAA-2542T).
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Funding
This study was supported by the:
Danish Research Council
(Award 26-03-0250)
Florida Gulf Coast University Office of Research and Graduate Studies Internal Grant Program
UNC Charlotte Research Incentive Funds
(Award 675612)
United States National Science Foundation (NSF) Microbial Interactions Program
(Award MCB-0604448)
NSF Biological Oceanography
(Award OCE-0623174)
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
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