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Abstract

A novel methanogenic archaeon, strain MC-15, was isolated from a floating biofilm on a sulphurous subsurface lake in Movile Cave (Mangalia, Romania). Cells were non-motile sarcina-like cocci with a diameter of 2–4 µm, occurring in aggregates. The strain was able to grow autotrophically on H/CO. Additionally, acetate, methanol, monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine were utilized, but not formate or dimethyl sulfide. Trypticase peptone and yeast extract were not required for growth. Optimal growth was observed at 33 °C, pH 6.5 and a salt concentration of 0.05 M NaCl. The predominant membrane lipids of MC-15 were archaeol and hydroxyarchaeol phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol as well as hydroxyarchaeol phosphatidylserine and archaeol glycosaminyl phosphatidylinositol. The closely related species, and had a similar composition of major membrane lipids to strain MC-15. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MC-15 was similar to those of DSM 1232 (sequence similarity 99.3 %), HB-1 (98.8 %), DSM 800 (98.7 %) and T4/M (98.4 %). DNA–DNA hybridization revealed 43.3 % relatedness between strain MC-15 and DSM 1232. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.0 mol%. Based on physiological, phenotypic and genotypic differences, strain MC-15 represents a novel species of the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MC-15 ( = DSM 26047 = JCM 18469).

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Group for Underwater and Speleological Exploration (GESS)’ Bucharest
  • Emil Racoviţă Institute of Speleology, Bucharest
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2014-10-01
2024-12-14
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