Psychrosphaera aestuarii sp. nov. and Psychrosphaera haliotis sp. nov., isolated from the marine environment, and emended description of the genus Psychrosphaera
Two motile, rod-shaped and agarolytic bacterial strains, designated PSC101T and KDW4T, were isolated from seawater and gut microflora of abalone, respectively, collected from the South Sea (Republic of Korea). Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive. Strains PSC101T and KDW4T showed high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to each other (98.6 %). Psychrosphaera saromensis SA4-48T was the nearest neighbour of strains PSC101T and KDW4T with 96.6 % and 97.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. DNA–DNA relatedness among strains PSC101T, KDW4T and Psychrosphaera saromensis KCTC 23240T was less than 70 %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two isolates belonged to the genus Psychrosphaera and formed a distinct phyletic line from Psychrosphaera saromensis SA4-48T. The common major cellular fatty acids of the two novel isolates were C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c/C16 : 1ω7c). Flexirubin-type pigments were absent. The main ubiquinone was UQ-8 and the DNA G+C content of strains PSC101T and KDW4T was 49.5 and 42.5 mol%, respectively. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified amino lipid. On the basis of the polyphasic characterization of the two strains, it is suggested that the two isolates represent two novel species of the genus Psychrosphaera, for which the names Psychrosphaera aestuarii sp. nov. (type strain, PSC101T = KCTC 32274T = JCM 19496T) and Psychrosphaera haliotis sp. nov. (type strain, KDW4T = KCTC 22500T = JCM 16340T) are proposed. An emended description of the genus Psychrosphaera is also proposed.
Published Online:
Funding
This study was supported by the:
National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) under the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea
BernardetJ. F.,
NakagawaY.,
HolmesB.Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Flavobacterium and Cytophaga-like bacteria of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes(2002). Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Flavobacteriaceae and emended description of the family. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol52, 1049–1070. [View Article][PubMed]
ChunJ.,
GoodfellowM.(1995). A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Nocardia with 16S rRNA gene sequences. . Int J Syst Bacteriol45, 240–245. [View Article][PubMed]
CollinsM. D.(1994). Isoprenoid quinones. . In Chemical Methods in Prokaryotic Systematics, pp. 265–309. Edited by
GoodfellowM.,
O’DonnellA. G.
. Chichester:: Wiley;.
FelsensteinJ.(1993).phylip (phylogeny inference package) version 3.5c. . Distributed by the author. Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington;, Seattle, USA:.
GauthierG.,
GauthierM.,
ChristenR.(1995). Phylogenetic analysis of the genera Alteromonas, Shewanella, and Moritella using genes coding for small-subunit rRNA sequences and division of the genus Alteromonas into two genera, Alteromonas (emended) and Pseudoalteromonas gen. nov., and proposal of twelve new species combinations. . Int J Syst Bacteriol45, 755–761. [View Article][PubMed]
GordonR. E.,
BarnettD. A.,
HanderhanJ. E.,
PangC. H.-N.(1974).Nocardia coeliaca, Nocardia autotrophica, and the nocardin strain. . Int J Syst Bacteriol24, 54–63. [View Article]
HallT. A.(1999). BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. . Nucleic Acids Symp Ser41, 95–98.
JukesT. H.,
CantorC. R.(1969). Evolution of protein molecules. . In Mammalian Protein Metabolism, vol. 3, pp. 21–132. Edited by
MunroH. N.
. New York:: Academic Press;. [View Article]
MarmurJ.,
DotyP.(1962). Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. . J Mol Biol5, 109–118. [View Article][PubMed]
MinnikinD. E.,
O’DonnellA. G.,
GoodfellowM.,
AldersonG.,
AthalyeM.,
SchaalA.,
ParlettJ. H.(1984). An integrated procedure for the extraction of bacterial isoprenoid quinones and polar lipids. . J Microbiol Methods2, 233–241. [View Article]
ParkS.,
YoshizawaS.,
HamasakiK.,
KogureK.,
YokotaA.(2010).Psychrosphaera saromensis gen. nov., sp. nov., within the family Pseudoalteromonadaceae, isolated from Lake Saroma, Japan. . J Gen Appl Microbiol56, 475–480. [View Article][PubMed]
SmibertR. M.,
KriegN. R.(1994). Phenotypic characterization. . In Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology, pp. 607–654. Edited by
GerhardtP.,
MurrayR. G. E.,
WoodW. A.,
KriegN. R.
. Washington, DC:: American Society for Microbiology;.
WayneL. G.,
BrennerD. J.,
ColwellR. R.,
GrimontP. A. D.,
KandlerO.,
KrichevskyM. I.,
MooreL. H.,
MooreW. E. C.,
MurrayR. G. E.& other authors (1987). International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. . Int J Syst Bacteriol37, 463–464. [View Article]
YumotoI.,
HirotaK.,
YamagaS.,
NodasakaY.,
KawasakiT.,
MatsuyamaH.,
NakajimaK.(2004).Bacillus asahii sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from soil with the ability to deodorize the bad smell generated from short-chain fatty acids. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol54, 1997–2001. [View Article][PubMed]
Psychrosphaera aestuarii sp. nov. and Psychrosphaera haliotis sp. nov., isolated from the marine environment, and emended description of the genus Psychrosphaera