1887

Abstract

A Gram-staining-negative, curved-rod-shaped bacterium with close resemblance to , the aetiological agent of cholera, was isolated over the course of several years from coastal brackish water (17 strains) and from clinical cases (two strains) in the United States. 16S rRNA gene identity with exceeded 98 % yet an average nucleotide identity based on genome data of around 86 % and multi locus sequence analysis of six housekeeping genes (, , , and ) clearly delineated these isolates as a distinct genotypic cluster within the clade. Most standard identification techniques do not differentiate this cluster of isolates from . Only amplification of the gene using -specific primers and a negative Voges–Proskauer test showed a difference between the two clusters. Additionally, all isolated strains differed phenotypically from in their ability to utilize -acetyl--galactosamine and -glucuronic acid as sole carbon sources. Furthermore, they were generally unable to infect the slime mould , a widespread ability in . Based on these clear phenotypic differences that are not necessarily apparent in standard tests as well as average nucleotide identity and phylogeny of protein-coding genes, we propose the existence of a novel species, sp. nov. with the type strain OP3H ( = LMG 27764 = CIP 110643). Due to its close resemblance to and the increasing number of strains isolated over the past several years, we suggest that sp. nov. is a relatively common species of the genus , isolates of which have been identified as atypical isolates of in the past. Its isolation from clinical samples also indicates that strains of this species, like , are opportunistic pathogens.

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Microbial Biodiversity Program of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
  • National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
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2014-09-01
2024-11-13
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