Description of Lutimonashalocynthiae sp. nov., isolated from a golden sea squirt (Halocynthia aurantium), reclassification of Aestuariicola saemankumensis as Lutimonassaemankumensis comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Lutimonas
A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated RSS3-C1T, was isolated from a golden sea squirt (Halocynthia aurantium) collected from the East Sea, South Korea. Strain RSS3-C1T was found to grow optimally at 20–25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain RSS3-C1T clustered with the type strains of Lutimonas vermicola and Aestuariicola saemankumensis. Strain RSS3-C1T exhibited 98.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to each type strain. Strain RSS3-C1T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain RSS3-C1T were phosphatidylethanolamine and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain RSS3-C1T was 39.2 mol%, and DNA–DNA relatedness to the type strains of and was 21±5.3 and 26±7.5 %, respectively. The differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain RSS3-C1T is separated from and . On the basis of the data presented, strain RSS3-C1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Lutimonas, for which the name Lutimonas halocynthiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RSS3-C1T ( = KCTC 32537T = CECT 8444T). In this study, it is also proposed that Aestuariicola saemankumensis should be reclassified as a member of the genus Lutimonas, as Lutimonassaemankumensis comb. nov. (type strain SMK-142T = KCTC 22171T = CCUG 55329T), and the description of the genus Lutimonas is emended.
Published Online:
Funding
This study was supported by the:
National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI)
Program for Collection, Management and Utilization of Biological Resources
(Award NRF-2013M3A9A5075953)
Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MSIP) of the Republic of Korea
BarrowG. I.,
FelthamR. K. A.(1993).Cowan and Steel’s Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria, , 3rd edn.. Cambridge:: Cambridge University Press;. [View Article]
BernardetJ.-F.(2011). Family I. Flavobacteriaceae Reichenbach 1992. . In Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, , 2nd edn., vol. 4, pp. 106–111. Edited by
KriegN. R.,
StaleyJ. T.,
BrownD. R.,
HedlundB. P.,
PasterB. J.,
WardN. L.,
LudwigW.,
WhitmanW. B.
. New York:: Springer;.
BernardetJ.-F.,
NakagawaY.,
HolmesB.Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Flavobacterium and Cytophaga-like bacteria of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes(2002). Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Flavobacteriaceae and emended description of the family. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol52, 1049–1070. [View Article][PubMed]
BowmanJ. P.(2000). Description of Cellulophaga algicola sp. nov., isolated from the surfaces of Antarctic algae, and reclassification of Cytophaga uliginosa (ZoBell and Upham 1944) Reichenbach 1989 as Cellulophaga uliginosa comb. nov.. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol50, 1861–1868.[PubMed]
BrunsA.,
RohdeM.,
Berthe-CortiL.(2001).Muricauda ruestringensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic, appendaged bacterium from German North Sea intertidal sediment. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol51, 1997–2006. [View Article][PubMed]
EzakiT.,
HashimotoY.,
YabuuchiE.(1989). Fluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization in microdilution wells as an alternative to membrane filter hybridization in which radioisotopes are used to determine genetic relatedness among bacterial strains. . Int J Syst Bacteriol39, 224–229. [View Article]
JungY.-T.,
KimJ.-H.,
KangS.-J.,
OhT.-K.,
YoonJ.-H.(2012).Namhaeicola litoreus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from seawater. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol62, 2163–2168. [View Article][PubMed]
LapageS. P.,
SneathP. H. A.,
LesselE. F.,
SkermanV. B. D.,
SeeligerH. P. R.,
ClarkW. A.(1992).International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (1990 Revision). Bacteriological Code. Washington, DC:: American Society for Microbiology;.
MinnikinD. E.,
PatelP. V.,
AlshamaonyL.,
GoodfellowM.(1977). Polar lipid composition in the classification of Nocardia and related bacteria. . Int J Syst Bacteriol27, 104–117. [View Article]
MinnikinD. E.,
O’DonnellA. G.,
GoodfellowM.,
AldersonG.,
AthalyeM.,
SchaalA.,
ParlettJ. H.(1984). An integrated procedure for the extraction of bacterial isoprenoid quinones and polar lipids. . J Microbiol Methods2, 233–241. [View Article]
ParkS. C.,
BaikK. S.,
KimD.,
SeongC. N.(2009).Maritimimonas rapanae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from gut microflora of the veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa
. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol59, 2824–2829. [View Article][PubMed]
ReichenbachH.(1992). The order Cytophagales
. . In The Prokaryotes, , 2nd edn., pp. 3631–3675. Edited by
BalowsA.,
TrüperH. G.,
DworkinM.,
HarderW.,
SchleiferK. H.
. New York:: Springer;. [View Article]
StackebrandtE.,
GoebelB. M.(1994). Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. . Int J Syst Bacteriol44, 846–849. [View Article]
TamaokaJ.,
KomagataK.(1984). Determination of DNA base composition by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. . FEMS Microbiol Lett25, 125–128. [View Article]
WayneL. G.,
BrennerD. J.,
ColwellR. R.,
GrimontP. A. D.,
KandlerO.,
KrichevskyM. I.,
MooreL. H.,
MooreW. E. C.,
MurrayR. G. E.& other authors (1987). Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. . Int J Syst Bacteriol37, 463–464. [View Article]
YangS.-J.,
ChooY.-J.,
ChoJ.-C.(2007).Lutimonas vermicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from the marine polychaete Periserrula leucophryna
. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol57, 1679–1684. [View Article][PubMed]
YoonJ.-H.,
KimH.,
KimS.-B.,
KimH.-J.,
KimW. Y.,
LeeS. T.,
GoodfellowM.,
ParkY.-H.(1996). Identification of Saccharomonospora strains by the use of genomic DNA fragments and rRNA gene probes. . Int J Syst Bacteriol46, 502–505. [View Article]
YoonJ.-H.,
LeeS. T.,
ParkY.-H.(1998). Inter- and intraspecific phylogenetic analysis of the genus Nocardioides and related taxa based on 16S rDNA sequences. . Int J Syst Bacteriol48, 187–194. [View Article][PubMed]
YoonJ.-H.,
KangK. H.,
ParkY.-H.(2003).Psychrobacter jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol53, 449–454. [View Article][PubMed]
YoonJ.-H.,
KangS.-J.,
JungY.-T.,
OhT.-K.(2008).Aestuariicola saemankumensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, isolated from tidal flat sediment. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol58, 2126–2131. [View Article][PubMed]
Description of Lutimonashalocynthiae sp. nov., isolated from a golden sea squirt (Halocynthia aurantium), reclassification of Aestuariicola saemankumensis as Lutimonassaemankumensis comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Lutimonas