A thermophilic aerobic bacterium designated strain STH-1-Y1T was isolated from sulfur-turf in a Japanese hot spring (Okuhodaka hot spring, Gifu Pref.). Colonies of strain STH-1-Y1T were yellow and low convex morphology with a slightly irregular fringe. Cells were slender long rods, 0.4–0.6 µm wide and 1.2–3.0 µm long. The isolate was an obligate aerophilic organism, and could not grow by fermentation or nitrate respiration. The isolate had a thermophilic trait, and could grow at 35–60 °C and pH 5.5–7.5; maximum growth occurred at 55 °C and pH 7.0 with a doubling time of 1.9 h. The Biolog and API tests suggested that strain STH-1-Y1T was able to use various sugars such as glucose, lactose, mannose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose and sucrose, but could not use sugar alcohols other than glycerol, i.e. adonitol, arabitol, erythritol, inositol, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol. Lactate and glutamate could be used, but other fatty acids, i.e. acetate, citrate, propionate and succinate could not. Gelatin, casein, starch and glycogen were hydrolysed, but neither chitin nor agar was degraded. Cells lacked flexirubin and showed oxidase and catalase activities. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7), and major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. No unsaturated fatty acids were detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain STH-1-Y1T was closely related to the family Chitinophagaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes. However, the isolate was evenly distant from all members in this family with sequence similarities of 87–89 %. These significantly low sequence similarities strongly suggested that strain STH-1-Y1T represents a novel species in a new genus of the family Chitinophagaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, the name Crenotalea thermophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is STH-1-Y1T ( = JCM 11541T = DSM 14807T).
AnD.-S.,
LeeH.-G.,
ImW.-T.,
LiuQ.-M.,
LeeS.-T.(2007).Segetibacter koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum Bacteroidetes, isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in South Korea. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol57, 1828–1833. [View Article][PubMed]
DaiJ.,
JiangF.,
WangY.,
YuB.,
QiH.,
FangC.,
ZhengC.(2011).Niabella tibetensis sp. nov., isolated from soil, and emended description of the genus Niabella
. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol61, 1201–1205. [View Article][PubMed]
HanadaS.,
HiraishiA.,
ShimadaK.,
MatsuuraK.(1995).Chloroflexus aggregans sp. nov., a filamentous phototrophic bacterium which forms dense cell aggregates by active gliding movement. . Int J Syst Bacteriol45, 676–681. [View Article][PubMed]
KämpferP.,
YoungC.-C.,
SridharK. R.,
ArunA. B.,
LaiW. A.,
ShenF. T.,
RekhaP. D.(2006). Transfer of [Flexibacter] sancti, [Flexibacter] filiformis, [Flexibacter] japonensis and [Cytophaga] arvensicola to the genus Chitinophaga and description of Chitinophaga skermanii sp. nov.. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol56, 2223–2228. [View Article][PubMed]
KämpferP.,
LoddersN.,
FalsenE.(2011).Hydrotalea flava gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the phylum Bacteroidetes and allocation of the genera Chitinophaga, Sediminibacterium, Lacibacter, Flavihumibacter, Flavisolibacter, Niabella, Niastella, Segetibacter, Parasegetibacter, Terrimonas, Ferruginibacter, Filimonas and Hydrotalea to the family Chitinophagaceae fam. nov.. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol61, 518–523. [View Article][PubMed]
KimB.-Y.,
WeonH.-Y.,
YooS.-H.,
HongS.-B.,
KwonS.-W.,
StackebrandtE.,
GoS.-J.(2007).Niabella aurantiaca gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a greenhouse soil in Korea. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol57, 538–541. [View Article][PubMed]
LeandroT.,
FrançaL.,
NobreM. F.,
RaineyF. A.,
da CostaM. S.(2013).Heliimonas saccharivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Chitinophagaceae isolated from a mineral water aquifer, and emended description of Filimonas lacunae
. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol63, 3793–3799. [View Article][PubMed]
LeeD.-G.,
ParkJ.-M.,
KangH.,
HongS.-Y.,
LeeK. R.,
ChangH.-B.,
TrujilloM. E.(2013).Asinibacterium lactis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Chitinophagaceae, isolated from donkey (Equus asinus) milk. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol63, 3180–3185. [View Article][PubMed]
LimJ. H.,
BaekS.-H.,
LeeS.-T.(2009).Ferruginibacter alkalilentus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Ferruginibacter lapsinanis sp. nov., novel members of the family ‘Chitinophagaceae’ in the phylum Bacteroidetes, isolated from freshwater sediment. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol59, 2394–2399. [View Article][PubMed]
QuJ.-H.,
YuanH.-L.(2008). Sediminibacterium salmoneum gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from sediment of a eutrophic reservoir. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol58, 2191–2194. [View Article][PubMed]
QuJ.-H.,
YuanH.-L.,
YangJ.-S.,
LiH.-F.,
ChenN.(2009).Lacibacter cauensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from sediment of a eutrophic lake. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol59, 1153–1157. [View Article][PubMed]
ShiratoriH.,
TagamiY.,
MorishitaT.,
KamiharaY.,
BeppuT.,
UedaK.(2009).Filimonas lacunae gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from fresh water. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol59, 1137–1142. [View Article][PubMed]
SmibertR. M.,
KriegN. R.(1994). Phenotypic characterization. . In Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology, pp. 607–654. Edited by
GerhardtP.,
MurrayR. G. E.,
WoodW. A.,
KriegN. R.
. Washington, DC:: American Society for Microbiology;.
StottM. B.,
CroweM. A.,
MountainB. W.,
SmirnovaA. V.,
HouS.,
AlamM.,
DunfieldP. F.(2008). Isolation of novel bacteria, including a candidate division, from geothermal soils in New Zealand. . Environ Microbiol10, 2030–2041. [View Article][PubMed]
WeonH.-Y.,
KimB.-Y.,
YooS.-H.,
LeeS.-Y.,
KwonS.-W.,
GoS.-J.,
StackebrandtE.(2006).Niastella koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Niastella yeongjuensis sp. nov., novel members of the phylum Bacteroidetes, isolated from soil cultivated with Korean ginseng. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol56, 1777–1782. [View Article][PubMed]
XieC. H.,
YokotaA.(2006). Reclassification of [Flavobacterium] ferrugineum as Terrimonas ferruginea gen. nov., comb. nov., and description of Terrimonas lutea sp. nov., isolated from soil. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol56, 1117–1121. [View Article][PubMed]
ZhangK.,
TangY.,
ZhangL.,
DaiJ.,
WangY.,
LuoX.,
LiuM.,
LuoG.,
FangC.(2009).Parasegetibacter luojiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from a forest soil. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol59, 3058–3062. [View Article][PubMed]
ZhangK.,
WangY.,
TangY.,
DaiJ.,
ZhangL.,
AnH.,
LuoG.,
RahmanE.,
FangC.(2010a).Niastella populi sp. nov., isolated from soil of Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) forest, and emended description of the genus Niastella
. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol60, 542–545. [View Article][PubMed]
ZhangL.,
WangY.,
WeiL.,
WangY.,
ShenX.,
LiS.(2013).Taibaiella smilacinae gen. nov., sp. nov., an endophytic member of the family Chitinophagaceae isolated from the stem of Smilacina japonica and emended description of Flavihumibacter petaseus
. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol63, 3769–3776. [View Article][PubMed]