A novel Gram-reaction-positive actinobacterial strain, designated CF5/3T, was isolated from a sand sample obtained in the Sahara Desert, Chad. The greenish-black-pigmented isolate was aerobic and exhibited optimal growth from 25–40 °C at pH 6.0–10.0 with 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl. Chemotaxonomic and molecular characteristics of the isolate matched those described for members of the genus Geodermatophilus. The DNA G+C content of the genome of the novel strain was 75.5 mol%. The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as diagnostic diamino acid. The main phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and a minor fraction of phosphatidylglycerol. MK-9(H4) was the dominant menaquinone, and galactose was detected as a diagnostic sugar. The major cellular fatty acids were branched-chain saturated acids: iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed 95.6–98.8 % pairwise sequence identity with the members of the genus Geodermatophilus. Based on phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, as well as phylogenetic distinctiveness, the isolate represents a novel species, Geodermatophilusnormandii, with the type strain CF5/3T ( = DSM 45417T = CCUG 62814T = MTCC 11412T).
CastresanaJ.(2000). Selection of conserved blocks from multiple alignments for their use in phylogenetic analysis. . Mol Biol Evol17, 540–552. [View Article][PubMed]
CollinsM. D.,
PirouzT.,
GoodfellowM.,
MinnikinD. E.(1977). Distribution of menaquinones in actinomycetes and corynebacteria. . J Gen Microbiol100, 221–230. [View Article][PubMed]
De LeyJ.,
CattoirH.,
ReynaertsA.(1970). The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. . Eur J Biochem12, 133–142. [View Article][PubMed]
HussV. A. R.,
FestlH.,
SchleiferK. H.(1983). Studies on the spectrophotometric determination of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. . Syst Appl Microbiol4, 184–192. [View Article][PubMed]
KroppenstedtR. M.(1982). Separation of bacterial menaquinones by HPLC using reverse phase (RP18) and a silver loaded ion exchanger. . J Liq Chromatogr5, 2359–2367. [View Article]
KroppenstedtR. M.,
GoodfellowM.(2006). The family Thermomonosporaceae: Actinocorallia, Actinomadura, Spirillospora and Thermomonospora
. . In The Prokaryotes, , 3rd edn., vol. 3, pp. 682–724. Edited by
DworkinM.,
FalkowS.,
RosenbergE.,
SchleiferK. H.,
StackebrandtE.
. New York:: Springer;. [View Article]
LechevalierM. P.,
LechevalierH. A.(1970). Chemical composition as a criterion in the classification of aerobic actinomycetes. . Int J Syst Bacteriol20, 435–443. [View Article]
MesbahM.,
PremachandranU.,
WhitmanW. B.(1989). Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. . Int J Syst Bacteriol39, 159–167. [View Article]
MinnikinD. E.,
O’DonnellA. G.,
GoodfellowM.,
AldersonG.,
AthalyeM.,
SchaalK.,
ParlettJ. H.(1984). An integrated procedure for the extraction of bacterial isoprenoid quinones and polar lipids. . J Microbiol Methods2, 233–241. [View Article]
Montero-CalasanzM. C.,
GökerM.,
PötterG.,
RohdeM.,
SpröerC.,
SchumannP.,
GorbushinaA. A.,
KlenkH.-P.(2013b).Geodermatophilus arenarius sp. nov. In List of New Names and New Combinations Previously Effectively, but not Validly, Published, Validation List no. 150. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol63, 797–798. [View Article]
Montero-CalasanzM. C.,
GökerM.,
PötterG.,
RohdeM.,
SpröerC.,
SchumannP.,
GorbushinaA. A.,
KlenkH.-P.(2013c).Geodermatophilus saharensis sp. nov. In List of New Names and New Combinations Previously Effectively, but not Validly, Published, Validation List no. 151. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol63, 1577–1580. [View Article]
Montero-CalasanzM. C.,
GökerM.,
PötterG.,
RohdeM.,
SpröerC.,
SchumannP.,
GorbushinaA. A.,
KlenkH.-P.(2013d).Geodermatophilus saharensis sp. nov., isolated from sand of the Saharan desert in Chad. . Arch Microbiol195, 153–159. [View Article][PubMed]
Montero-CalasanzM. C.,
GökerM.,
RohdeM.,
SchumannP.,
PötterG.,
SpröerC.,
GorbushinaA. A.,
KlenkH.-P.(2013f).Geodermatophilus siccatus sp. nov. In List of New Names and New Combinations Previously Effectively, but not Validly, Published, Validation List no. 151. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol63, 1577–1580. [View Article]
Montero-CalasanzM. C.,
GökerM.,
RohdeM.,
SchumannP.,
PötterG.,
SpröerC.,
GorbushinaA. A.,
KlenkH.-P.(2013g).Geodermatophilus siccatus sp. nov., isolated from arid sand of the Saharan desert in Chad. . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek103, 449–456. [View Article][PubMed]
NormandP.,
OrsoS.,
CournoyerB.,
JeanninP.,
ChapelonC.,
DawsonJ.,
EvtushenkoL.,
MisraA. K.(1996). Molecular phylogeny of the genus Frankia and related genera and emendation of the family Frankiaceae
. . Int J Syst Bacteriol46, 1–9. [View Article][PubMed]
PattengaleN. D.,
AlipourM.,
Bininda-EmondsO. R. P.,
MoretB. M. E.,
StamatakisA.(2009). How many bootstrap replicates are necessary?. In Research in Computational Molecular Biology (Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. 5541), 184–200 Edited by
BatzoglouS.
. Berlin:: Springer;. . [View Article]
RaineyF. A.,
Ward-RaineyN.,
KroppenstedtR. M.,
StackebrandtE.(1996). The genus Nocardiopsis represents a phylogenetically coherent taxon and a distinct actinomycete lineage: proposal of Nocardiopsaceae fam. nov. . Int J Syst Bacteriol46, 1088–1092. [View Article][PubMed]
UrzìC.,
BrusettiL.,
SalamoneP.,
SorliniC.,
StackebrandtE.,
DaffonchioD.(2001). Biodiversity of Geodermatophilaceae isolated from altered stones and monuments in the Mediterranean basin. . Environ Microbiol3, 471–479. [View Article][PubMed]
UrzìC.,
La ConoV.,
StackebrandtE.(2004). Design and application of two oligonucleotide probes for the identification of Geodermatophilaceae strains using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). . Environ Microbiol6, 678–685. [View Article][PubMed]
VaasL. A. I.,
SikorskiJ.,
MichaelV.,
GökerM.,
KlenkH.-P.(2012). Visualization and curve-parameter estimation strategies for efficient exploration of phenotype microarray kinetics. . PLoS ONE7, e34846. [View Article][PubMed]
WayneL. G.,
BrennerD. J.,
ColwellR. R.,
GrimontP. A. D.,
KandlerO.,
KrichevskyM. I.,
MooreL. H.,
MooreW. E. C.,
MurrayR. G. E.& other authors (1987). International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. . Int J Syst Bacteriol37, 463–464. [View Article]