A Gram-reaction-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (strain 2C1-5T) was isolated from activated sludge of an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Daegu, South Korea. Its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the closest phylogenetic relatives were the type strains of Nocardioides nitrophenolicus (98.6 % similarity), N. kongjuensis (98.5 %), N. caeni (98.4 %), N. simplex (98.3 %), N. aromaticivorans (98.1 %) and N. ginsengisoli (97.5 %); the phylogenetic distance from other species with validly published names within the genus Nocardioides was greater than 3 %. Strain 2C1-5T was characterized chemotaxonomically as having ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, MK-8(H4) as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C16 : 0, C16 : 0 and C17 : 1ω6c as the major fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 74.9 mol%. These chemotaxonomic properties and phenotypic characteristics supported the affiliation of strain 2C1-5T to the genus Nocardioides. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 2C1-5T from existing species with validly published names. Therefore, strain 2C1-5T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioidesdaeguensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain 2C1-5T ( = JCM 17460T = KCTC 19799T).
Published Online:
Funding
This study was supported by the:
Mid-career Researcher Program through an NRF grant funded by MEST
(Award 2009-0081153)
BaeH. S.,
LeeJ. M.,
KimY. B.,
LeeS.-T.(1996). Biodegradation of the mixtures of 4-chlorophenol and phenol by Comamonas testosteroni CPW301. . Biodegradation7, 463–469. [View Article][PubMed]
ColeJ. R.,
CascarelliA. L.,
MohnW. W.,
TiedjeJ. M.(1994). Isolation and characterization of a novel bacterium growing via reductive dehalogenation of 2-chlorophenol. . Appl Environ Microbiol60, 3536–3542.[PubMed]
EzakiT.,
HashimotoY.,
YabuuchiE.(1989). Fluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization in microdilution wells as an alternative to membrane filter hybridization in which radioisotopes are used to determine genetic relatedness among bacterial strains. . Int J Syst Bacteriol39, 224–229. [View Article]
FelsensteinJ.(2009).phylip (phylogeny inference package), version 3.69. . Distributed by the author. Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington;, Seattle, USA:.
HallT. A.(1999). BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. . Nucleic Acids Symp Ser41, 95–98.
LeeS. H.,
LiuQ. M.,
LeeS. T.,
KimS. C.,
ImW. T.(2012).Nocardioides ginsengagri sp. nov., isolated from the soil of a ginseng field. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol62, 591–595. [View Article][PubMed]
MadsenT.,
AamandH.(1992). Anaerobic transformation and toxicity of trichlorophenols in a stable enrichment culture. . Appl Environ Microbiol58, 557–561.[PubMed]
MesbahM.,
PremachandranU.,
WhitmanW. B.(1989). Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. . Int J Syst Bacteriol39, 159–167. [View Article]
MikesellM. D.,
BoydS. A.(1986). Complete reductive dechlorination and mineralization of pentachlorophenol by anaerobic microorganisms. . Appl Environ Microbiol52, 861–865.[PubMed]
MooreD. D.,
DowhanD.(1995). Preparation and analysis of DNA. . In Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, pp. 2–11. Edited by
AusubelF. M.,
BrentR.,
KingstonR. E.,
MooreD. D.,
SeidmanJ. G.,
SmithJ. A.,
StruhlK.
. New York:: Wiley;.
Sasser, M. (1990).Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids, MIDI Technical Note 101. Newark, DE: MIDI Inc.
SeiK.,
AsanoK.,
TateishiN.,
MoriK.,
IkeM.,
FujitaM.(1999). Design of PCR primers and gene probes for the general detection of bacterial populations capable of degrading aromatic compounds via catechol cleavage pathways. . J Biosci Bioeng88, 542–550. [View Article][PubMed]
StackebrandtE.,
GoebelB. M.(1994). Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. . Int J Syst Bacteriol44, 846–849. [View Article]
WayneL. G.,
BrennerD. J.,
ColwellR. R.,
GrimontP. A. D.,
KandlerO.,
KrichevskyM. I.,
MooreL. H.,
MooreW. E. C.,
MurrayR. G. E.& other authors (1987). International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. . Int J Syst Bacteriol37, 463–464. [CrossRef]
WooS. G.,
SrinivasanS.,
YangJ.,
JungY. A.,
KimM. K.,
LeeM.(2012).Nocardioides daejeonensis sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from sludge in a sewage-disposal plant. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol62, 1199–1203. [View Article][PubMed]