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A novel psychrotolerant, Gram-negative, shiny white, curved-rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacterium PB1T was isolated from a soil sample collected from a glacier forefield of the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. Isolate PB1T has catalase and low urease activity and hydrolyses gelatin and starch. Strain PB1T is able to grow between −5 °C and 30 °C with optimum growth at 14–20 °C. Glycerol, dl-arabinose, d-xylose, d-galactose, d-fructose, d-lyxose, d-fucose and potassium gluconate are used as sole carbon sources. The major quinone is ubiquinone Q-8. The major fatty acids (>10 %) for PB1T are C16 : 0 (19.1 %), C16 : 1ω7cis (44.6 %) and C18 : 1ω7cis (16.2 %). The major polyamines are putrescine [54.9 µmol (g dry weight)−1] and 2-hydroxy putrescine [18.5 µmol (g dry weight)−1]. DNA G+C content is 62.5 mol%. Strain PB1T is phylogenetically related to species of the genus Herbaspirillum , with highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Herbaspirillum canariense (97.3 %), Herbaspirillum aurantiacum (97.2 %), Herbaspirillum soli (97.2 %) and Herbaspirillum frisingense (97.0 %). The DNA–DNA relatedness values were below 30 % between PB1T and the type strains of Herbaspirillum canariense , Herbaspirillum aurantiacum and Herbaspirillum soli . The different geographical origin of strain PB1T from its closest phylogenetic relatives resulted in different phenotypic and genotypic specifications, whereby strain PBT represents a novel species of the genus Herbaspirillum , for which the name Herbaspirillum psychrotolerans is proposed. The type strain is PB1T (DSM 26001T = LMG 27282T).
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