gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic alkalithermophilic, cellulolytic-xylanolytic bacterium isolated from soil of a coconut garden Free

Abstract

An obligately anaerobic, cellulolytic-xylanolytic bacterium, designated strain A6, was isolated from soil of a coconut garden in the Bangkuntien district of Bangkok, Thailand. The strain was Gram-stain positive, catalase-negative, endospore-forming, motile and rod-shaped with a cell size of 0.2–0.3×2.0–3.0 µm. Optimal growth of strain A6 occurred at pH 9.5, 55 °C. Strain A6 fermented various carbohydrates, and the end products from the fermentation of cellobiose were acetate, ethanol, propionate and a small amount of butyrate. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C 3-OH, iso-C, iso-C and C. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained -diaminopimelic acid. No respiratory quinones were detected. The DNA G+C content was 30.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain represented a new phyletic sublineage within the family , with <93.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to recognized species of this family. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and physiological evidence, strain A6 represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is A6 ( = TISTR 1915 = KCTC 5874).

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Royal Golden Jubilee PhD program of the Thailand Research Fund
  • Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University (NRU) Project of Thailand
  • Office of the Higher Education Commission
  • Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS)
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.027854-0
2012-10-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/62/10/2330.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.027854-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Alain K., Pignet P., Zbinden M., Quillevere M., Duchiron F., Donval J. P., Lesongeur F., Raguenes G., Crassous P. other authors 2002; Caminicella sporogenes gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermophilic spore-forming bacterium isolated from an East-Pacific Rise hydrothermal vent. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1621–1628 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Altschul S. F., Madden T. L., Schäffer A. A., Zhang J., Zhang Z., Miller W., Lipman D. J. 1997; Gapped blast and psi-blast: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 25:3389–3402 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Canale-Parole E. 1986; Genus Sarcina Goodsir 1842. In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology vol. 2 pp. 1100–1103 Edited by Sneath P. H. A., Mair N. S., Sharpe M. E., Holt J. G. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Cayol J.-L., Ducerf S., Patel B. K. C., Garcia J.-L., Thomas P., Ollivier B. 2000; Thermohalobacter berrensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, strictly halophilic bacterium from a solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:559–564 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chimtong S., Tachaapaikoon C., Pason P., Kyu K. L., Kosugi A., Mori Y., Ratanakhanokchai K. 2011; Isolation and characterization of endocellulase-free multienzyme complex from newly isolated Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum strain NOI-1. J Microbiol Biotechnol 21:284–292[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Chun J., Lee J.-H., Jung Y., Kim M., Kim S., Kim B. K., Lim Y.-W. 2007; EzTaxon: a web-based tool for the identification of prokaryotes based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2259–2261 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Collins M. D., Lawson P. A., Willems A., Cordoba J. J., Fernandez-Garayzabal J., Garcia P., Cai J., Hippe H., Farrow J. A. E. 1994; The phylogeny of the genus Clostridium: proposal of five new genera and eleven new species combinations. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:812–826 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Drent W. J., Lahpor G. A., Wiegant W. M., Gottschal J. C. 1991; Fermentation of inulin by Clostridium thermosuccinogenes sp. nov., a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium isolated from various habitats. Appl Environ Microbiol 57:455–462[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Duda V. I., Lebedinsky A. V., Mushegjan M. S., Mitjushina L. L. 1987; A new anaerobic bacterium, forming up to five endospores per cell Anaerobacter polyendosporus gen. et spec. nov.. Arch Microbiol 148:121–127 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Felsenstein J. 1985; Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Felsenstein J. 1997; An alternating least squares approach to inferring phylogenies from pairwise distances. Syst Biol 46:101–111 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Garnova E. S., Zhilina T. N., Tourova T. P., Lysenko A. M. 2003; Anoxynatronum sibiricum gen.nov., sp.nov. alkaliphilic saccharolytic anaerobe from cellulolytic community of Nizhnee Beloe (Transbaikal region). Extremophiles 7:213–220[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Holdeman L. V., Cato E. P., Moore W. E. C. (editors) 1977 Anaerobe Laboratory Manual, 4th edn. Blacksburg: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hungate R. E. 1969; A roll tube method for the cultivation of strict anaerobes. In Methods in Microbiology, vol. 3B pp. 117–132 Edited by Norris J. R., Ribbons D. W. New York: Academic Press, Inc; [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Kevbrin V. V., Zhilina T. N., Rainey F. A., Zavarzin G. A. 1998; Tindallia magadii gen. nov., sp. nov.: an alkaliphilic anaerobic ammonifier from soda lake deposits. Curr Microbiol 37:94–100 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kluge A. G., Farris J. S. 1969; Quantitative phyletics and the evolution of anurans. Syst Zool 18:1–32 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Komagata K., Suzuki K. 1987; Lipid and cell-wall analysis in bacterial systematics. Methods Microbiol 19:161–207 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Krumholz L. R., Bryant M. P. 1985; Clostridium pfennigii sp. nov. uses methoxyl groups of monobenzenoids and produces butyrate. Int J Syst Bacteriol 35:454–456 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Murray W. D., Sowden C., Colvin J. R. 1984; Bacteroides cellulosolvens sp. nov., a cellulolytic species from sewage sludge. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34:185–187 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Patel B. K. C., Monk C., Littleworth H., Morgan H. W., Daniel R. M. 1987; Clostridium fervidus sp. nov., a new chemoorganotrophic acetogenic thermophile. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:123–126 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Powers E. M. 1995; Efficacy of the Ryu nonstaining KOH technique for rapidly determining gram reactions of food-borne and waterborne bacteria and yeasts. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:3756–3758[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Prazmowski A. 1880 [Untersuchung über die Entwickelungsgeschichte und Fermentuuirking einiger bacterien-Arten.] Inaugural dissertation Hugo Voigt, Leipzig, Germany pp. 1–58 (in German).
  23. Saitou N., Nei M. 1987; The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Sasser M. 1990; Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids, MIDI Technical Note 101. Newark, DE: MIDI Inc.;
  25. Summanen P., Baron E. J., Citron D. M., Strong C. A., Wexler H. M., Finegold S. M. 1993 Wadsworth Anaerobic Bacteriology Manual, 5th edn. Belmont, CA: Star Publishing Company;
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Takai K., Moser D. P., Onstott T. C., Spoelstra N., Pfiffner S. M., Dohnalkova A., Fredrickson J. K. 2001; Alkaliphilus transvaalensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a deep South African gold mine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1245–1256 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Tamaoka J., Komagata K. 1984; Determination of DNA base composition by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. FEMS Microbiol Lett 25:125–128 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Tamura K., Dudley J., Nei M., Kumar S. 2007; mega4: molecular evolutionary genetic analysis (mega) Software Version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24:1596–1599 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Thompson V. S., Schaller K. D., Apel W. A. 2003; Purification and characterization of a novel thermo-alkali-stable catalase from Thermus brockianus . Biotechnol Prog 19:1292–1299 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Wery N., Moricet J.-M., Cueff V., Jean J., Pignet P., Lesongeur F., Cambon-Bonavita M.-A., Barbier G. 2001; Caloranaerobacter azorensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic thermophilic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1789–1796 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Wiegel J., Kevbrin V. V. 2004; Alkalithermophiles. Biochem Soc Trans 32:193–198 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Wiegel J., Tanner R., Rainey F. 2006; An introduction to the family Clostridiaceae . In The Prokaryotes vol. 4 pp. 654–678 Edited by Dworkin M., Falkow S., Rosenberg E., Schleifer K.-H., Stackebrandt E. New York: Springer; [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Zhilina T. N., Detkova E. N., Rainey F. A., Osipov G. A., Lysenko A. M., Kostrikina N. A., Zavarzin G. A. 1998; Natronoincola histidinovorans gen. nov., sp. nov., A new alkaliphilic acetogenic anaerobe. Curr Microbiol 37:177–185 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.027854-0
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.027854-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed