1887

Abstract

Bacterial blight is an emerging disease that affects primarily onion, but also garlic and Welsh onion. The present study was undertaken to characterize the causative xanthomonad(s) by a polyphasic approach using a worldwide collection of 33 bacterial strains. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities indicated that the causal agent belongs to the core in the genus , which is in agreement with results of phenotypic characterization (analyses of carbon source utilization and fatty acid methyl esters). However, DNA–DNA hybridization, thermal stability of DNA reassociation and fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis allowed the causal agent to be identified as a pathovar of .

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02714-0
2004-01-01
2024-04-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/54/1/ijs540015.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02714-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Alvarez A. M., Buddenhagen I. W., Buddenhagen E. S., Domen H. Y. 1978; Bacterial blight of onion, a new disease caused by Xanthomonas sp. Phytopathology 68:1132–1136 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Ausubel F. M., Brent R., Kingston R. E., Moore D. D., Seidman J. G., Smith J. A., Struhl K. 1995 Current Protocols in Molecular Biology New York: Wiley;
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bowen P., Gibbs H. A. A., O'Garro L. W. 1998; Garlic, chives, shallot and leek are alternative hosts to Xanthomonas campestris , the pathogen of leaf blight of onion Allium cepa L. Seventh International Congress of Plant Pathology pp  6–96 Edinburgh, UK: ISPP;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Brenner D. J., McWhorter A. C., Knutson J. K., Steigerwalt A. G. 1982; Escherichia vulneris : a new species of Enterobacteriaceae associated with human wounds. J Clin Microbiol 15:1133–1140
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Crosa J. H., Brenner D. J., Falkow S. 1973; Use of a single-strand specific nuclease for analysis of bacterial and plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid homo- and heteroduplexes. J Bacteriol 115:904–911
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Dye D. W., Bradbury J. F., Goto M., Hayward A. C., Lelliott R. A., Schroth M. N. 1980; International standards for naming pathovars of phytopathogenic bacteria and a list of pathovar names and pathotype strains. Rev Plant Pathol 59:153–168
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Frey P., Frey-Klett P., Garbaye J., Berge O., Heulin T. 1997; Metabolic and genotypic fingerprinting of fluorescent pseudomonads associated with the Douglas fir Laccaria bicolor mycorrhizosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:1852–1860
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Garland J. L. 1996; Analytical approaches to the characterization of samples of microbial communities using patterns of potential C source utilization. Soil Biol Biochem 28:213–221 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gascuel O. 1997; Concerning the NJ algorithm and its unweighted version UNJ. In Mathematical Hierarchies and Biology vol. 37 pp  149–171 Edited by Mirkin B., McMorris F. R., Roberts F., Rzhetsky A. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Grimont P. A. D. 1988; Use of DNA reassociation in bacterial classification. Can J Microbiol 34:541–546 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Grimont P. A. D., Popoff M. Y., Grimont F., Coynault C., Lemelin M. 1980; Reproducibility and correlation study of three deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization procedures. Curr Microbiol 4:325–330 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hauben L., Vauterin L., Swings J., Moore E. R. B. 1997; Comparison of 16S ribosomal DNA sequences of all Xanthomonas species. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:328–335 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hildebrand D. C. 1971; Pectate and pectin gels for differentiation of Pseudomonas sp. and other bacterial plant pathogens. Phytopathology 61:1430–1436 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Isakeit T., Miller M. E., Barnes L. W., Dickstein E. R., Jones J. B. 2000; First report of leaf blight of onion caused by Xanthomonas campestris in the continental United States. Plant Dis 84:201
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Janssen P., Coopman R., Huys G., Swings J., Bleeker M., Vos P., Zabeau M., Kersters K. 1996; Evaluation of the DNA fingerprinting method AFLP as a new tool in bacterial taxonomy. Microbiology 142:1881–1893 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Jones J. B., Bouzar H., Stall R. E., Almira E. C., Roberts P. D., Bowen B. W., Sudberry J., Strickler P. M., Chun J. 2000; Systematic analysis of xanthomonads ( Xanthomonas spp.) associated with pepper and tomato lesions. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1211–1219 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kadota I., Uehara K., Shinohara H., Nishiyama K. 2000; Bacterial blight of Welsh onion: a new disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. allii pv. nov. J Gen Plant Pathol 66:310–315 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lelliott R. A., Billing E., Hayward A. C. 1966; A determinative scheme for the fluorescent plant pathogenic pseudomonads. J Appl Bacteriol 29:470–489 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Marmur J., Doty P. 1962; Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J Mol Biol 4:109–118
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Moore E. R. B., Kruger A. S., Hauben L., Seal S. E., De Baere R., De Wachter R., Timmis K. N., Swings J. 1997; 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and inter- and intrageneric relationships of Xanthomonas species and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia . FEMS Microbiol Lett 151:145–153 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mougel C., Thioulouse J., Perrière G., Nesme X. 2002; A mathematical method for determining genome divergence and species delineation using AFLP. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:573–586
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Nesme X., Vaneechoutte M., Orso S., Hoste B., Swings J. 1995; Diversity and genetic relatedness within genera Xanthomonas and Stenotrophomonas using restriction endonuclease site differences of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene. Syst Appl Microbiol 18:127–135 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Neto J. R., Malavolta V. A. Jr, Cardelli M. A., Sinigaglia C. 1987; Ocorrencia de uma nova doença bacteriana em cebola, no estado de Sao Paulo. Summa Phytopathol 13:10 (in Portuguese
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Norman D. J., Chase A. R., Hodge N. C., Stall R. E. 1997; Differentiation of three species of Xanthomonas and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia using cellular fatty acid analyses. Eur J Plant Pathol 103:687–693 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Nunez J. J., Gilbertson R. L., Meng X., Davis R. M. 2002; First report of Xanthomonas leaf blight of onion in California. Plant Dis 86:330
    [Google Scholar]
  26. O'Garro L. W., Paulraj L. P. 1997; Onion leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris : alternative hosts and resistant onion genotypes. Plant Dis 81:978–982 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Owen R. J., Lapage S. P. 1976; The thermal denaturation of partly purified bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid and its taxonomic applications. J Appl Bacteriol 41:335–340 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Paulraj L., O'Garro L. W. 1993; Leaf blight of onions in Barbados caused by Xanthomonas campestris . Plant Dis 77:198–201 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Poulsen L. 1990; Chives Allium schoenoprasum L. In Onion and Allied Crops vol III pp  231–250 Edited by Brewster J. L., Rabinowitch H. D. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Rademaker J. L. W. 2000; Computer-assisted pattern analysis of rep-PCR genomic fingerprints in the molecular systematics of Xanthomonas . PhD thesis Gent University; Belgium:
  31. Rademaker J. L. W., Hoste B., Louws F. J., Kersters K., Swings J., Vauterin L., Vauterin P., de Bruijn F. J. 2000; Comparison of AFLP and rep-PCR genomic fingerprinting with DNA–DNA homology studies: Xanthomonas as a model system. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:665–677 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Riley M. S., Cooper V. S., Lenski R. E., Forney L. J., Marsh T. L. 2001; Rapid phenotypic change and diversification of a soil bacterium during 1000 generations of experimental evolution. Microbiology 147:995–1006
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Roumagnac P., Jeuffrault E., Pruvost O., Chéron J. J., Girard J. C. 1997; Identification d'une bactérie du genre Xanthomonas pathogène de l'oignon à l'île de la Réunion. Cinquième Conférence Internationale sur les Maladies des Plantes pp  673–680 Tours, France: ANPP; (in French
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Roumagnac P., Gagnevin L., Pruvost O. 2000; Detection of Xanthomonas sp., the causal agent of onion bacterial blight, in onion seeds using a newly developed semi-selective isolation medium. Eur J Plant Pathol 106:867–877 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Sanders F. H., Langston D. B. Jr, Brock J. H., Gitaitis R. D., Curry D. E., Torrance R. L. 2003; First report of a leaf blight of onion caused by Xanthomonas spp. in Georgia. Plant Dis 87:749
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Schnathorst W. C. 1966; Unaltered specificity in several xanthomonads after repeated passage through Phaseolus vulgaris . Phytopathology 56:58–60
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Schwartz H. F., Otto K. 2000; First report of a leaf blight of onion caused by Xanthomonas campestris in Colorado. Plant Dis 84:922
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Scortichini M., Rossi M. P. 1995; Influence of subculturing some phytopathogenic bacteria on their carbohydrate utilizing profile. Lett Appl Microbiol 21:237–241 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Serfontein J. J. 2001; Xanthomonas blight of onion in South Africa. Plant Dis 85:442
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Stackebrandt E., Frederiksen W., Garrity G. M. 10 other authors 2002; Report of the ad hoc committee for the re-evaluation of the species definition in bacteriology. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1043–1047 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Swings J., Vauterin L., Kersters K. 1993; The bacterium Xanthomonas . In Xanthomonas pp  121–156 Edited by Swings J. G., Civerolo E. L. London: Chapman & Hall;
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Thioulouse J., Chessel D., Doledec S., Olivier J. M. 1997; ADE-4: a multivariate analysis and graphical display software. Stat Comput 7:75–83 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Thomas W. D. J., Weinhold A. R. 1953; Xanthomonas striaformans , a new bacterial pathogen of onion. Colorado Wyoming Acad Sci J 4:23
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Trébaol G., Gardan L., Manceau C., Tanguy J.-L., Tirilly Y., Boury S. 2000; Genomic and phenotypic characterization of Xanthomonas cynarae : a new species that causes bacterial bract spot of artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L.). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1471–1478 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Trujillo G., Hernandez Y. 1999 Identificacion de bacterias fitopatogenas en semillas de plantas cultivadas. XVI Congreso Venezolano de Fitopatologia Barquisimeto, Venezuela: Sociedad Venezolano de Fitopatologia (in Spanish;
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Vauterin L., Hoste B., Kersters K., Swings J. 1995; Reclassification of Xanthomonas . Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:472–489 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Vernière C., Devaux M., Pruvost O., Couteau A., Luisetti J. 1991; Studies on the biochemical and physiological variations among strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri , the causal agent of citrus bacterial canker disease. Fruits 46:162–170
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Ward J. H. J. 1963; Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Am Stat Assoc J 58:236–244 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Wayne L. G., Brenner D. J., Colwell R. R. 9 other authors 1987; International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02714-0
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02714-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material 1

PDF

Supplementary material 2

PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error