RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Sekiguchi, Yuji A1 Yamada, Takeshi A1 Hanada, Satoshi A1 Ohashi, Akiyoshi A1 Harada, Hideki A1 Kamagata, YoichiYR 2003 T1 Anaerolinea thermophila gen. nov., sp. nov. and Caldilinea aerophila gen. nov., sp. nov., novel filamentous thermophiles that represent a previously uncultured lineage of the domain Bacteria at the subphylum level JF International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, VO 53 IS 6 SP 1843 OP 1851 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02699-0 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1466-5034, AB Two thermophilic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, multicellular filamentous micro-organisms were isolated from thermophilic granular sludge in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating fried soybean-curd manufacturing waste water (strain UNI-1T) and from a hot spring sulfur-turf in Japan (strain STL-6-O1T). The filaments were longer than 100 μm and of 0·2–0·3 μm (strain UNI-1T) or 0·7–0·8 μm (strain STL-6-O1T) in width. Strain UNI-1T was a strictly anaerobic organism. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 50–60 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·0; growth occurred in the range pH 6·0–8·0. Strain STL-6-O1T was a facultatively aerobic bacterium. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 37–65 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·5–8·0; growth occurred in the range pH 7·0–9·0. The two organisms grew chemo-organotrophically on a number of carbohydrates and amino acids in the presence of yeast extract. The G+C content of the DNA of strains UNI-1T and STL-6-O1T was 54·5 and 59·0 mol%, respectively. Major cellular fatty acids for strain UNI-1T were C16 : 0, C15 : 0, C14 : 0 and C18 : 0, whereas those for strain STL-6-O1T were C18 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. MK-10 was the major quinone from aerobically grown STL-6-O1T cells. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequences revealed that both strains belong to an uncultured, previously recognized clone lineage of the phylum Chloroflexi (formerly known as green non-sulfur bacteria). These phenotypic and genetic properties suggested that each strain should be classified into a new independent genus; hence, the names Anaerolinea thermophila and Caldilinea aerophila are proposed for strains UNI-1T (=JCM 11387T=DSM 14523T) and STL-6-O1T(=JCM 11388T=DSM 14525T), respectively. These strains represent the type and sole species of the genera Anaerolinea and Caldilinea, respectively., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02699-0