A polyphasic study was undertaken to determine the taxonomic status of six strains received as Streptomyces hygroscopicus. The strains had chemotaxonomic and morphological properties typical of members of the genus Streptomyces and formed distinct phyletic lines in the Streptomyces 16S rRNA gene tree. These strains were distinguished from one another and from phylogenetically close neighbours using a combination of phenotypic properties. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data showed that all six strains form distinct centres of taxonomic variation within the genus Streptomyces. The following novel species are proposed to accommodate the strains: Streptomyces aldersoniae sp. nov. (type strain DSM 41909T =NRRL 18513T), Streptomyces angustmyceticus sp. nov., comb. nov. (type strain DSM 41683T=NRRL B-2347T), Streptomyces ascomycinicus sp. nov. (type strain DSM 40822T =NBRC 13981T), Streptomyces decoyicus sp. nov., comb. nov. (type strain DSM 41427T =NRRL 2666T), Streptomyces milbemycinicus sp. nov. (type strain DSM 41911T =NRRL 5739T) and Streptomyces wellingtoniae sp. nov. (type strain DSM 40632T =NRRL B-1503T).
AltschulS. F.,
MaddenT. L.,
SchafferA. A.,
ZhangJ.,
ZhangZ.,
MillerW.,
LipmanD. J.1997; Gapped blast and psi-blast: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 25:3389–3402[CrossRef]
AtalanE.,
ManfioG. P.,
WardA. C.,
KroppenstedtR. M.,
GoodfellowM.2000; Biosystematic studies on novel streptomycetes from soil. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 77:337–353[CrossRef]
BullA. T.,
StachJ. E. M.,
WardA. C.,
GoodfellowM.2005; Marine actinobacteria: perspectives, challenges and future directions. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 87:37–42[CrossRef]
De VosP.,
TrüperH. G.2000; Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. IXth International (IUMS) Congress of Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology. Minutes of the meetings 14: 15 and 18August 1999; Sydney, Australia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50 2239–2244[CrossRef]
DuangmalK.,
WardA. C.,
GoodfellowM.2005; Selective isolation of members of the Streptomyces violaceoruber clade from soil. FEMS Microbiol Lett 245:321–327[CrossRef]
FitchW. M.,
MargoliashE.1967; Construction of phylogenetic trees: a method based on mutation distances as estimated from cytochrome c sequences is of general applicability. Science 155:279–284[CrossRef]
GoodfellowM.,
KumarY.,
LabedaD. P.,
SembiringL.2007; The Streptomyces violaceusniger clade: a home for streptomycetes with rugose ornamented spores. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 92:173–197[CrossRef]
HaberC. L.,
HeckamanC. L.,
LiG. P.,
ThompsonD. P.,
WhaleyH. A.,
WileyV. H.1991; Development of a mechanism of action-based screen for anthelmintic microbial metabolites with avermectin like activity and isolation of milbemycin-producing Streptomyces strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 35:1811–1817[CrossRef]
HütterR.1967; Systematik der Streptomyceten unter besonderer Berücksiehtung der von ihnen gebildetern Antibiotika
. Bibliotheka Mikrobiologica Fasc. vol. 6: Basel: S; Karger (in German
JukesT. H.,
CantorC. R.1969; Evolution of protein molecules. In Mammalian Protein Metabolismvol. 3 pp 21–132 Edited by
MunroH. N.
New York: Academic Press;
KumarY.,
GoodfellowM.2008; Five new members of the Streptomyces violaceusniger 16S rRNA gene clade: Streptomyces castelarensis comb.nov., S. himastatinicus sp. nov., S.mordarskii sp. nov., S. rapamycinicus sp.nov. and S. ruanii sp. nov.. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1369–1378[CrossRef]
KumarY.,
Aiemsum-angP.,
WardA. C.,
GoodfellowM.2007; Diversity and geographical distribution of members of the Streptomyces violaceusniger 16S rRNA gene clade detected by clade specific PCR primers. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 62:54–63[CrossRef]
LanootB.,
VancanneytM.,
CleenwerckI.,
WangL.,
LiW.,
LiuZ.,
SwingsJ.2002; The search for synonyms among streptomycetes by using SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins. Emendation of the species Streptomyces aurantiacus , Streptomyces cacaoi subsp. cacaoi , Streptomyces caeruleus and Streptomyces violaceus
. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:823–829[CrossRef]
LanootB.,
VancanneytM.,
DawyndtP.,
CnockaertM.,
ZhangJ.,
HuangY.,
LiuZ.,
SwingsJ.2004; BOX-PCR fingerprinting as a powerful tool to reveal synonymous names in the genus Streptomyces . Emended descriptions are proposed for the species Streptomyces cinereorectus , S. fradiae , S. tricolor , S. columbiensis , S. filamentosus , S. vinaceus and S. phaeopurpureus
. Syst Appl Microbiol 27:84–92[CrossRef]
LapageS. P.,
SneathP. H. A.,
LesselE. F.,
SkermanV. B. D.,
SeeligerH. P. R.,
ClarkW. A.
(editors) 1992; International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (1990 Revision)
. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
LiuZ.,
ShiY.,
ZhangY.,
ZhouZ.,
LuZ.,
LiW.,
HuangY.,
RodriguezC.,
GoodfellowM.2005; Classification of Streptomyces griseus (Krainsky 1914) Waksman and Henrici 1948 and related species and the transfer of ‘ Microstreptospora cinerea ’ to the genus Streptomyces as Streptomyces yanii sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1605–1610[CrossRef]
ManfioG. P.,
Zakrzewska-CzerwinskaJ.,
AtalanE.,
GoodfellowM.1995; Towards minimal standards for the description of Streptomyces species. Biotekhnologia 7:8242–283
OhmoriT.,
OkanishiM.,
KawaguchiH.1962; Glebomycin, a new member of the steptomycin class. III. Taxonomic studies on Strain No 12096, producer of glebomycin. J Antibiot A 15:21–27
SembiringL.,
WardA. C.,
GoodfellowM.2000; Selective isolation and characterisation of members of the Streptomyces violaceusniger clade associated with the roots of Paraserianthes falcataria
. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 78:353–366[CrossRef]
StrohlW.2004; Antimicrobials. In Microbial Diversity and Bioprospecting pp 288–313 Edited by
BullA. T.
Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
VavraJ. J.,
DietzA.,
ChurchillB. W.,
ShiminoffP.,
KoepsellH. J.1959; Psicofuranine. III. Production and biological studies. Antibiot Chemother 9:427–431
WardA. C.,
GoodfellowM.2004; Phylogeny and functionality: taxonomy as a roadmap to genes. In Microbial Diversity and Bioprospecting pp 288–313 Edited by
BullA. T.
Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
WilliamsS. T.,
GoodfellowM.,
AldersonG.,
WellingtonE. M. H.,
SneathP. H. A.,
SackinM. J.1983; Numerical classification of Streptomyces and related genera. J Gen Microbiol 129:1743–1813