An actinomycete strain, isolated from the marine sponge Axinella polypoides collected from Banyuls-sur-Mer, France, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Based on its chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics, strain Pol001T belongs to the genus Streptomyces. The strain is characterized by ll-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, menaquinones MK-9(H4, H6, H8) and a DNA G+C content of 71.0 mol%. It forms a separate phyletic line based on phylogenetic analyses of the nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequence. Strain Pol001T could be differentiated from other closely related Streptomyces species with validly published names by phenotypic and genotypic analysis. DNA–DNA hybridization between strain Pol001T and closely related reference strains further confirmed that strain Pol001T represents a novel taxon of the genus Streptomyces. Therefore, it is proposed that strain Pol001T represents a novel species in the genus Streptomyces, Streptomyces axinellae sp. nov.; the type strain is Pol001T (=DSM 41948T =CIP 109838T).
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