1887

Abstract

Strains of aerobic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, round-spore-forming bacteria were isolated from different geographical locations and a subsequent polyphasic study was undertaken to clarify the taxonomic position of the round-spore-forming isolates strain KSC-SF6g, strain M32 and strain NBRC 12622. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities demonstrated that these strains were most closely affiliated with NRRL NRS-1691 (98 %), with species of (96 %) and (94–96 %) as the next nearest relatives. However, while DNA–DNA hybridization studies showed approx. 70 % reassociation among strains KSC-SF6g, M32 and NBRC 12622, DNA–DNA hybridization values between these strains and NRRL NRS-1691 never exceeded 13 %. Differences in the molecular structure of the cell-wall peptidoglycan could not differentiate these strains sufficiently from other closely related genera ( and ). However, Lys–Asp was present in strains KSC-SF6g, M32 and NBRC 12622, whereas -Lys–-Glu was reported in NRRL NRS-1691. The menaquinone MK-7 was dominant in strains KSC-SF6g, M32 and NBRC 12622 and members of the genus , whereas MK-8 was abundant in species. Strains KSC-SF6g, M32 and NBRC 12622 exhibited fatty acid profiles consisting of major amounts of anteiso-C (∼50 %) and iso-C (∼25 %) and moderate amounts of anteiso-C (∼7 %), which discriminated them from closely related NRRL NRS-1691 and species of (iso-C; 46–74 %). The authors propose that strains KSC-SF6g, M32 and NBRC 12622 and NRRL NRS-1691 be reclassified into a separate genus based on clear-cut differences in discriminative taxonomic markers and the distant placement of and the novel strains described herein from other species of this clade according to current 16S rRNA gene sequence-based relatedness (∼4 % difference in sequence). We propose the placement of these isolates into the novel genus gen. nov. For the new taxon comprising strains KSC-SF6g, M32 and NBRC 12622, we propose the name gen. nov., sp. nov. (the type species of ), represented by the type strain KSC-SF6g (=NRRL B-51320 =NBRC 104870). In addition, , which bears traits distinct from other round-spore-forming species [i.e. absence of growth at high NaCl (7 %), positive reaction for gelatin liquefaction], is reclassified as comb. nov. (type strain JCM 11075 =NRRL NRS-1691) based on phylogenetic affiliations and phenotypic characterization.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.006098-0
2009-05-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/59/5/1094.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.006098-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ahmed, I., Yokota, A., Yamazoe, A. & Fujiwara, T.(2007). Proposal of Lysinibacillus boronitolerans gen. nov. sp. nov., and transfer of Bacillus fusiformis to Lysinibacillus fusiformis comb. nov. and Bacillus sphaericus to Lysinibacillus sphaericus comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57, 1117–1125.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  2. Albert, R. A., Archambault, J., Lempa, M., Hurst, B., Richardson, C., Gruenloh, S., Duran, M., Worliczek, H. L., Huber, B. E. & other authors(2007). Proposal of Viridibacillus gen. nov. and reclassification of Bacillus arvi, Bacillus arenosi and Bacillus neidei as Viridibacillus arvi gen. nov., comb. nov., Viridibacillus arenosi comb. nov. and Viridibacillus neidei comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57, 2729–2737.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  3. Ash, C., Farrow, J. A. E., Wallbanks, S. & Collins, M. D.(1991). Phylogenetic heterogeneity of the genus Bacillus revealed by comparative analysis of small subunit-ribosomal RNA sequences. Lett Appl Microbiol 13, 202–206. [Google Scholar]
  4. Cole, R. M. & Popkin, T. J.(1981). Electron microscopy. In Manual of Methods for General Bacteriology, pp. 34–51. Edited by P. Gerhardt, R. G. E. Murray, R. N. Costilow, E. W. Nester, W. A. Wood, N. R. Krieg & G. B. Phillips. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
  5. Ezaki, T., Hashimoto, Y. & Yabuuchi, E.(1989). Fluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization in microdilution wells as an alternative to membrane filter hybridization in which radioisotopes are used to determined genetic relatedness among bacterial strains. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39, 224–229.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  6. Johnson, J. L.(1981). Genetic characterization. In Manual of Methods for General Bacteriology, pp. 450–472. Edited by P. Gerhardt, R. G. E. Murray, R. N. Costilow, E. W. Nester, W. A. Wood, N. R. Krieg & G. B. Phillips. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
  7. Kämpfer, P.(1994). Limits and possibilities of total fatty acid analysis for classification and identification of Bacillus species. Syst Appl Microbiol 17, 86–98.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kempf, M. J., Chen, F., Kern, R. & Venkateswaran, K.(2005). Recurrent isolation of hydrogen peroxide-resistant spores of Bacillus pumilus from a spacecraft assembly facility. Astrobiology 5, 391–405.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  9. La Duc, M. T., Satomi, M. & Venkateswaran, K.(2004).Bacillus odysseyi sp. nov., a round-spore-forming bacillus isolated from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 195–201.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  10. La Duc, M. T., Dekas, A. E., Osman, S., Moissl, C., Newcombe, D. & Venkateswaran, K.(2007). Isolation and characterization of bacteria capable of tolerating the extreme conditions of clean-room environments. Appl Environ Microbiol 73, 2600–2611.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  11. Nakagawa, Y. & Yamasato, K.(1993). Phylogenetic diversity of the genus Cytophaga revealed by 16S rRNA sequencing and menaquinone analysis. J Gen Microbiol 139, 1155–1161.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. Nakamura, L. K.(2000). Phylogeny of Bacillus sphaericus-like organisms. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50, 1715–1722. [Google Scholar]
  13. Nakamura, L. K., Shida, O., Takagi, H. & Komagata, K.(2002).Bacillus pycnus sp. nov. and Bacillus neidei sp. nov., round-spored bacteria from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52, 501–505. [Google Scholar]
  14. Neide, E.(1904). Botanische Beschreibung einiger sporenbildenden Bakterien. Zentralbl Bakteriol Parasitenkd Infektionskr Hyg 12, 337–352 (in German). [Google Scholar]
  15. Nicholson, W. L. & Setlow, P.(1990). Sporulation, germination and outgrowth. In Molecular Biological Methods for Bacillus, pp. 391–450. Edited by C. R. Harwood & S. M. Cutting. Chichester: Wiley.
  16. Osman, S., Satomi, M. & Venkateswaran, K.(2006).Paenibacillus pasadenensis sp. nov. and Paenibacillus barengoltzii sp. nov., isolated from a spacecraft assembly facility. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56, 1509–1514.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  17. Priest, F. G., Goodfellow, M. & Todd, C.(1988). A numerical classification of the genus Bacillus. J Gen Microbiol 134, 1847–1882. [Google Scholar]
  18. Rheims, H., Frühling, A., Schumann, P., Rohde, M. & Stackebrandt, E.(1999).Bacillus silvestris sp. nov., a new member of the genus Bacillus that contains lysine in its cell wall. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49, 795–802.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  19. Saha, P., Krishnamurthi, S., Mayilraj, S., Prasad, G. S., Bora, T. C. & Chakrabarti, T.(2005).Aquimonas voraii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel gammaproteobacterium isolated from a warm spring of Assam, India. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55, 1491–1495.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  20. Satomi, M., La Duc, M. T. & Venkateswaran, K.(2006).Bacillus safensis sp. nov., isolated from spacecraft and assembly-facility surfaces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56, 1735–1740.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  21. Schleifer, K. H. & Kandler, O.(1972). Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications. Bacteriol Rev 36, 407–477. [Google Scholar]
  22. Shaw, S. & Keddie, R. M.(1983). A numerical taxonomic study of the genus Kurthia with a revised description of Kurthia zopfii and a description of Kurthia gibsonii sp. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 4, 253–276.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  23. Smibert, R. M. & Krieg, N. R.(1994). Phenotypic characterization. In Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology, pp. 607–654. Edited by P. Gerhardt, R. G. E. Murray, W. A. Wood & N. R. Krieg. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
  24. Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M. & Kumar, S.(2007).mega4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (mega) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24, 1596–1599.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  25. Venkateswaran, K., Kempf, M., Chen, F., Satomi, M., Nicholson, W. & Kern, R.(2003).Bacillus nealsonii sp. nov., isolated from a spacecraft-assembly facility, whose spores are gamma-radiation resistant. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53, 165–172.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.006098-0
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.006098-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

vol. , part 5, pp. 1094 - 1099

Cellular fatty acid profiles of strains KSC-SF6g , M32 and NBRC 12622, NRRL NRS-1691 and the type strains of species. [PDF](20 KB)



PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error