%0 Journal Article %A van Ingen, Jakko %A Boeree, Martin J. %A de Lange, Wiel C. M. %A de Haas, Petra E. W. %A van der Zanden, Adri G. M. %A Mijs, Wouter %A Rigouts, Leen %A Dekhuijzen, P. N. Richard %A van Soolingen, Dick %T Mycobacterium noviomagense sp. nov.; clinical relevance evaluated in 17 patients %D 2009 %J International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, %V 59 %N 4 %P 845-849 %@ 1466-5034 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.001511-0 %K ATS, American Thoracic Society %K ITS, internal transcribed spacer %K NTM, non-tuberculous mycobacteria %I Microbiology Society, %X Eighteen isolates of a nonchromogenic, slowly growing, non-tuberculous species of the genus Mycobacterium were cultured from respiratory specimens obtained over the last eight years from 17 patients in the Netherlands. These isolates were grouped because they revealed a unique 16S rRNA gene sequence and were related to Mycobacterium xenopi. None of the 17 patients met the American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria for non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease, which distinguishes the novel isolates from the related species, M. xenopi. A polyphasic taxonomic approach, including identification by biochemical and phenotypical analysis, hsp65 gene sequencing and PCR restriction enzyme pattern analysis, and sequence analyses of the rpoB gene and 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer supported the separate species status of the novel isolates. The name Mycobacterium noviomagense sp. nov. is proposed for the novel strains. The type strain is NLA000500338T (=DSM 45145T=CIP 109766T). A more distinctive taxonomy of NTM is a prerequisite for the assessment of their clinical relevance. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.001511-0