1887

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

Volume 59, Issue 8

sp. nov., a haloarchaeon isolated from sea salt in Baja California, Mexico, Western Australia and Naxos, Greece Free

Abstract

Three halophilic isolates, strains Halo-G*, AUS-1 and Naxos II, were compared. Halo-G* was isolated from an evaporitic salt crystal from Baja California, Mexico, whereas AUS-1 and Naxos II were isolated from salt pools in Western Australia and the Greek island of Naxos, respectively. Halo-G* had been exposed previously to conditions of outer space and survived 2 weeks on the Biopan facility. Chemotaxonomic and molecular comparisons suggested high similarity between the three strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strains clustered with species, showing sequence similarities of 99.2–97.1 %. The DNA–DNA hybridization values of strain Halo-G* and strains AUS-1 and Naxos II are 73 and 75 %, respectively, indicating that they constitute a single species. The DNA relatedness between strain Halo-G* and the type strains of 13 closely related species of the genus ranged from 39 to 2 %, suggesting that the three isolates constitute a different genospecies. The G+C content of the DNA of the three strains was 65.5–66.5 mol%. All three strains contained CC derivatives of diethers of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglyceromethylphosphate and phosphatidylglycerolsulfate, together with a sulfated glycolipid. On the basis of these results, a novel species that includes the three strains is proposed, with the name sp. nov. The type strain is strain Halo-G* (=DSM 19316 =NCIMB 14426 =ATCC BAA-1602).

  • Published Online:
© SGM
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.000463-0
2009-08-01
2021-02-27
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/59/8/1908.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.000463-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Arahal, D. R., García, M. T., Ludwig, W., Schleifer, K. H. & Ventosa, A. ( 2001a; ). Transfer of Halomonas canadensis and Halomonas israelensis to the genus Chromohalobacter, as Chromohalobacter canadensis comb. nov. and Chromohalobacter israelensis comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51, 1443–1448.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Arahal, D. R., García, M. T., Vargas, C., Cánovas, D., Nieto, J. J. & Ventosa, A. ( 2001b; ). Chromohalobacter salexigens sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species that includes Halomonas elongata DSM 3043 and ATCC 33174. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51, 1457–1462.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Cashion, P., Holder-Franklin, M. A., McCully, J. & Franklin, M. ( 1977; ). A rapid method for the base ratio determination of bacterial DNA. Anal Biochem 81, 461–466.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Castillo, A. M., Gutiérrez, M. C., Kamekura, M., Xue, Y., Ma, Y., Cowan, D. A., Jones, B. E., Grant, W. D. & Ventosa, A. ( 2006; ). Halorubrum orientale sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from Lake Ejinor, Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56, 2559–2563.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Castillo, A. M., Gutiérrez, M. C., Kamekura, M., Xue, Y., Ma, Y., Cowan, D. A., Jones, B. E., Grant, W. D. & Ventosa, A. ( 2007; ). Halorubrum ejinorense sp. nov., isolated from Lake Ejinor, Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57, 2538–2542.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Chun, J., Lee, J.-H., Jung, Y., Kim, M., Kim, S., Kim, B. K. & Lim, Y. W. ( 2007; ). EzTaxon: a web-based tool for the identification of prokaryotes based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57, 2259–2261.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cui, H. L., Tohty, D., Zhou, P. J. & Liu, S. J. ( 2006; ). Halorubrum lipolyticum sp. nov. and Halorubrum aidingense sp. nov., isolated from two salt lakes in Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56, 1631–1634.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Cui, H.-L., Lin, Z.-Y., Dong, Y., Zhou, P.-J. & Liu, S.-J. ( 2007; ). Halorubrum litoreum sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from a solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57, 2204–2206.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. De Ley, J. & Tijtgat, R. ( 1970; ). Evaluation of membrane filter methods for DNA-DNA hybridization. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 36, 461–474.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. De Ley, J., Cattoir, H. & Reynaerts, A. ( 1970; ). The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Eur J Biochem 12, 133–142.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Dussault, H. P. ( 1955; ). An improved technique for staining red halophilic bacteria. J Bacteriol 70, 484–485.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. ESA ( 2005; ). FOTON retrievable capsules. In European Users Guide to Low Gravity Platforms, chapter 6. Noordwijk, Netherlands: European Space Agency. http://www.spaceflight.esa.int/users/downloads/userguides/chapter_6_foton.pdf
  13. Fan, H., Xue, Y., Ma, Y., Ventosa, A. & Grant, W. D. ( 2004; ). Halorubrum tibetense sp. nov., a novel haloalkaliphilic archaeon from Lake Zabuye in Tibet, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 1213–1216.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Feng, J., Zhou, P. J. & Liu, S. J. ( 2004; ). Halorubrum xinjiangense sp. nov., a novel halophile isolated from saline lakes in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 1789–1791.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Feng, J., Zhou, P., Zhou, Y. G., Liu, S. J. & Warren-Rhodes, K. ( 2005; ). Halorubrum alkaliphilum sp. nov., a novel haloalkaliphile isolated from a soda lake in Xinjiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55, 149–152.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Franzmann, P. D., Stackebrandt, E., Sanderson, K., Volkman, J. K., Cameron, D. E., Stevenson, P. L., McMeekin, T. A. & Burton, H. R. ( 1988; ). Halobacterium lacusprofundi sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from Deep Lake, Antarctica. Syst Appl Microbiol 11, 20–27.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Grant, W. D. & Larsen, H. ( 1989; ). Group III. Extremely halophilic archaebacteria. Order Halobacteriales ord. nov. In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 3, pp. 2216–2219. Edited by J. T. Staley, M. P. Bryant, N. Pfennig & J. G. Holt. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
  18. Grant, W. D., Kamekura, M., McGenity, T. J. & Ventosa, A. ( 2001; ). Order I. Halobacteriales Grant and Larsen 1989b, 495VP (Effective publication: Grant and Larsen 1989a, 2216). In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 1, pp. 294–299. Edited by D. R. Boone, R. W. Castenholz & G. M. Garrity. New York: Springer.
  19. Gruber, C., Legat, A., Pfaffenhuemer, M., Radax, C., Weidler, G., Busse, H. J. & Stan-Lotter, H. ( 2004; ). Halobacterium noricense sp. nov., an archaeal isolate from a bore core of an alpine Permian salt deposit, classification of Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 as a strain of H. salinarum and emended description of H. salinarum. Extremophiles 8, 431–439.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Huß, V. A. R., Festl, H. & Schleifer, K. H. ( 1983; ). Studies on the spectrophotometric determination of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Syst Appl Microbiol 4, 184–192.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Ihara, K., Umemura, T., Katagiri, I., Kitajima-Ihara, T., Sugiyama, Y., Kimura, Y. & Mukohata, Y. ( 1999; ). Evolution of the archaeal rhodopsins: evolution rate changes by gene duplication and functional differentiation. J Mol Biol 285, 163–174.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Johnson, J. L. ( 1994; ). Similarity analysis of DNAs. In Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology, pp. 655–681. Edited by P. Gerhardt, R. G. E. Murray, W. A. Wood & N. R. Krieg. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
  23. Kamekura, M. & Dyall-Smith, M. L. ( 1995; ). Taxonomy of the family Halobacteriaceae and the description of two genera Halorubrobacterium and Natrialba. J Gen Appl Microbiol 41, 333–350.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Kamekura, M., Dyall-Smith, M. L., Upasani, V., Ventosa, A. & Kates, M. ( 1997; ). Diversity of alkaliphilic halobacteria: proposals for transfer of Natronobacterium vacuolatum, Natronobacterium magadii, and Natronobacterium pharaonis to Halorubrum, Natrialba, and Natronomonas gen. nov., respectively, as Halorubrum vacuolatum comb. nov., Natrialba magadii comb. nov., and Natronomonas pharaonis comb. nov., respectively. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47, 853–857.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Kharroub, K., Quesada, T., Ferrer, R., Fuentes, S., Aguilera, M., Boulahrouf, A., Ramos-Cormenzana, A. & Monteoliva-Sanchez, M. ( 2006; ). Halorubrum ezzemoulense sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from Ezzemoul sabkha, Algeria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56, 1583–1588.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Kumar, S., Tamura, K. & Nei, M. ( 2004; ). mega3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Brief Bioinform 5, 150–163.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Lizama, C., Monteoliva-Sánchez, M., Suárez-García, A., Rosselló-Mora, R., Aguilera, M., Campos, V. & Ramos-Cormenzana, A. ( 2002; ). Halorubrum tebenquichense sp. nov, a novel halophilic archaeon isolated from the Atacama Saltern, Chile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52, 149–155.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Malik, K. A. ( 1983; ). A modified method for the cultivation of phototrophic bacteria under anaerobic conditions. J Microbiol Methods 1, 343–352.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Mancinelli, R. L., White, M. R. & Rothschild, L. J. ( 1998; ). Biopan-survival I: exposure of the osmophiles Synechococcus sp. (Nägeli) and Haloarcula sp. to the space environment. Adv Space Res 22, 327–334.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Marmur, J. ( 1961; ). A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from microorganisms. J Mol Biol 3, 208–218.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  31. McGenity, T. J. & Grant, W. D. ( 1995; ). Transfer of Halobacterium saccharovorum, Halobacterium sodomense, Halobacterium trapanicum NRC 34021 and Halobacterium lacusprofundi to the genus Halorubrum gen. nov., as Halorubrum saccharovorum comb. nov., Halorubrum sodomense comb. nov., Halorubrum trapanicum comb. nov., and Halorubrum lacusprofundi comb. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 18, 237–243.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. McGenity, T. J. & Grant, W. D. ( 2001; ). Genus VII. Halorubrum McGenity and Grant 1996, 362VP (Effective publication: McGenity and Grant 1995, 241). In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 1, pp. 320–324. Edited by D. R. Boone, R. W. Castenholz & G. M. Garrity. New York: Springer.
  33. Oren, A. ( 1983; ). Halobacterium sodomense sp. nov., a Dead Sea halobacterium with an extremely high magnesium requirement. Int J Syst Bacteriol 33, 381–386.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Oren, A., Ventosa, A. & Grant, W. D. ( 1997; ). Proposed minimal standards for description of new taxa in the order Halobacteriales. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47, 233–238.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Saitou, N. & Nei, M. ( 1987; ). The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4, 406–425.
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Sprott, G. D., Sad, S., Fleming, L. P., Dicaire, C. J., Patel, G. B. & Krishnan, L. ( 2003; ). Archaeosomes varying in lipid composition differ in receptor-mediated endocytosis and differentially adjuvant immune responses to entrapped antigen. Archaea 1, 151–164.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Stan-Lotter, H., Pfaffenhuemer, M., Legat, A., Busse, H. J., Radax, C. & Gruber, C. ( 2002; ). Halococcus dombrowskii sp. nov., an archaeal isolate from a Permo-Triassic alpine salt deposit. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52, 1807–1814.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Tomlinson, G. A. & Hochstein, L. I. ( 1976; ). Halobacterium saccharovorum sp. nov., a carbohydrate-metabolizing, extremely halophilic bacterium. Can J Microbiol 22, 587–591.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Ventosa, A., Gutierrez, M. C., Kamekura, M., Zvyagintseva, I. S. & Oren, A. ( 2004; ). Taxonomic study of Halorubrum distributum and proposal of Halorubrum terrestre sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 389–392.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Wayne, L. G., Brenner, D. J., Colwell, R. R., Grimont, P. A. D., Kandler, O., Krichevsky, M. I., Moore, L. H., Moore, W. E. C., Murray, R. G. E. & other authors ( 1987; ). International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37, 463–464.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Wilson, K. ( 1987; ). Preparation of genomic DNA from bacteria. In Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, pp. 2.4.1–2.4.5. Edited by F. M. Ausubel, R. Brent, R. E. Kingston, D. D. Moore, J. G. Seidman, J. A. Smith & K. Struhl. New York: Green Publishing & Wiley-Interscience.
  42. Xu, X.-W., Wu, Y.-H., Zhang, H. B. & Wu, M. ( 2007; ). Halorubrum arcis sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a saline lake on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57, 1069–1072.[CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.000463-0
Loading
Halorubrum chaoviator sp. nov., a haloarchaeon isolated from sea salt in Baja California, Mexico, Western Australia and Naxos, Greece
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59, 1908 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000463-0
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.000463-0
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.000463-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

vol. , part 8, pp. 1908 - 1913

Phase-contrast micrographs of cells of strains Halo-G* and Naxos II from liquid cultures grown under optimal conditions to late-exponential phase.

Two-dimensional TLC of polar lipids extracted from strains Halo-G* , Naxos II and AUS-1.

[PDF file of Supplementary Figs S1 and S2](96 KB)

PDF

Most cited this month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error