The taxonomic positions of ‘Pseudomonas hydrogenothermophila’ strain TH-1 and ‘Flavobacterium autothermophilum’ strain TH-4 were studied by 16S rDNA sequencing. These organisms are Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, thermophilic facultatively chemolithoautotrophic hydrogen-oxidizing rods and have a DNA G+C content of 63–65 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone is ubiquinone-8 an 3-hydroxy decanoic acid (3-OH C10:0) is the major 3-hydroxy cellular fatty acid, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences placed strains TH-1Tand TH-4 in the β-subclass of the Proteobacteria. The taxonomic characteristics of these organisms are different from those of previously described aerobic, facultatively chemolithoautotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria that belong to the β-subclass of Proteobacteria. On the basis of the information described above, a new genus and species, Hydrogenophilus thermoluteolus gen. nov., sp. nov., is described to include both strains. The type strain is strain TH-1T(= IFO 14978T).
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