1887

Abstract

The phylogenetic relationships of the type strains of 16 species were investigated by performing a comparative analysis of the sequences of the 16S rRNA genes of these organisms. The sequence data were analyzed by the neighbor-joining method, and each branch was supported by moderate bootstrap values. The phylogenetic tree and sequence analyses confirmed that the genus is composed of species that exhibit considerable heterogeneity and form four clades that are intermixed with members of other genera, such as , and Cluster I includes the type strains of , and and corresponds to Dye’s herbicola group. Cluster II consists of , and Cluster III consists of subspecies and and is characterized by the production of pectate lyases and cellulases. , and form the cluster that is most distantly related to other species. The data from the sequence analyses are discussed in the context of biochemical and DNA-DNA hybridization data.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-4-1061
1997-10-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/47/4/ijs-47-4-1061.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-4-1061&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. American Type Culture Collection 1992 American Type Culture Collection catalogue of bacteria and bacteriophages, 18th. American Type Culture Collection; Rockville, Md.:
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Ausubel F. M., Brent R., Kingston R. E., Moore D. D., Seidmann J. G., Smith J. A., Struhl K. 1987 Current protocols in molecular biology. Greene Publishing Associates and Wiley Interscience; New York, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Azad H. R., Kato C. I. 1980; Numerical and DNA:DNA reassociation analyses of Erwinia rubrifaciens and other members of the Enterobacteriaceae. J. Gen. Microbiol. 120:117–129
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Beji A., Mergaert J., Gavini F., Izard D., Kersters K., Leclerc H., De Ley J. 1988; Subjective synonomy of Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia milletiae, and Enterobacter agglomerans and redefinition of the taxon by genotypic and phenotypic data. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 38:77–88
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Brenner D. J. 1984 Family I. Enterobacteriaceae. 408–420 Krieg N. R., Holt J. G.ed Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology 1 The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore, Md.:
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Brenner D. J., Fanning G. R., Leete Knutson J. K., Steigerwalt A. G., Krichevsky M. I. 1984; Attempts to classify herbicola group-Enterobacter agglomerans strains by deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization and phenotypic tests. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34:45–55
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Brenner D. J., Fanning G. R., Steigerwalt A. G. 1972; Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness among species of Erwinia and between Erwinia species and other enterobacteria. J. Bacteriol. 110:12–17
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Brenner D. J., Fanning G. R., Steigerwalt A. G. 1974; Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness among erwiniae and other Enterobacteriaceae: the gall, wilt, and dry necrosis organisms (genus Erwinia Winslow et al., sensu stricto). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 24:197–204
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Brenner D. J., Fanning G. R., Steigerwalt A. G. 1977; Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness among erwiniae and other enterobacteria. II. Corn stalk rot bacterium and Pectobacterium chrysanthemi. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 27:211–221
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Brenner D. J., Steigerwalt A. G., Miklos G. V., Fanning G. R. 1973; Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness among erwiniae and other enterobacteria. I. The soft-rot organisms (genus Pectobacterium Waldee). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 23:205–216
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Brosius J., Palmer M. L., Kennedy P. J., NoIler H. F. 1978; Complete nucleotide sequence of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene from Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75:4801–4805
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Carbon P., Ebel J. P., Ehresmann C. 1981; The sequence of the ribosomal 16S RNA from Proteus vulgaris. Sequence comparison with E. coli 16S RNA and its use in secondary model building. Nucleic Acids Res. 9:2325–2333
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Dickey R. S. 1979; Erwinia chrysanthemi: a comparative study of phenotypic properties of strains from several hosts and other Erwinia species. Phytopathology 69:324–329
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Dickey R. S. 1981; Erwinia chrysanthemi: reaction of eight plant species to strains from several hosts and to strains of other Erwinia species. Phytopathology 71:23–29
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Dye D. W. 1968; A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia. I. The amylovora group. N. Z. J. Sci. 11:590–607
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Dye D. W. 1969; A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia. II. The carotovora group. N. Z. J. Sci. 12:81–97
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Dye D. W. 1969; A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia. III. The herbicola group. N. Z. J. Sci. 12:223–236
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Dye D. W. 1969; A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia. IV. “Atypical” erwinias. N. Z. J. Sci. 12:833–839
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Dye D. W. 1981; A numerical taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia. N. Z. J. Agric. Res. 24:223–231
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Ewing W. H., Fife M. A. 1971 Enterobacter agglomerans, the herbicolalathyri bacteria. Center for Disease Control; Atlanta, Ga.:
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Ewing W. H., Fife M. A. 1972; Enterobacter agglomerans (Beyerinck) comb. nov. (the herbicola-lathyri bacteria). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 22:4–11
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Gardner J. M., Kado C. I. 1972; Comparative base sequence homologies of the deoxyribonucleic acid of Erwinia species and other Enterobacteriaceae. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 22:201–209
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Gavini F., Mergaert J., Beji A., Mielcarek C., Izard D., Kersters K., De Ley J. 1989; Transfer of Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck 1888) Ewing and Fife 1972 to Pantoea gen. nov. as Pantoea agglomerans comb. nov. and description of Pantoea dispersa sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39:337–345
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Goto M., Matsumoto K. 1987; Erwinia carotovora subsp. wasabiae subsp. nov. isolated from diseased rhizomes and fibrous roots of Japanese horseradish (Eutrema wasabi Maxim.). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:130–135
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Hao M. V., Brenner D. J., Steigerwalt A. G., Kosako Y., Komagata K. 1990; Erwinia persicinus, a new species isolated from plants. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 40:379–383
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Higgins D. G., Sharp P. M. 1988; Clustal: a package for performing multiple sequence alignment on a computer. Gene 73:237–244
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Ibrahim A., Goebel B. M, Liesack W., Griffiths M., Stackebrandt E. 1993; The phylogeny of the genus Yersinia based on 16S rDNA sequences. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 114:173–178
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Jukes T. H., Cantor C. R. 1969 Evolution of protein molecules. 21–132 Munro H. N.ed Mammalian protein metabolism Academic Press; New York, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Kageyama B., Nakae M., Yagi S., Sonoyama T. 1992; Pantoea punctata sp. nov., Pantoea citrea sp. nov., and Pantoea terrea sp. nov. isolated from fruit and soil samples. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42:203–210
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Kumar S., Tamura K., Nei M. 1993 MEGA: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis, version 1.0. The Pennsylvania State University; University Park.:
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Lelliott R. A. 1974 Genus VII. Erwinia. 332–340 Buchanan R. E., Gibbons N. E.ed Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th. The Williams and Wilkins Co.; Baltimore, Md.:
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Lelliott R. A., Dickey R. S. 1984 Genus VII. Erwinia. 469–476 Krieg N. R., Holt J. G.ed Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology 1 The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore, Md.:
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Le Minor L., Chalon A. M., Véron M. 1972; Recherches sur la presence de l’antigène commun des Enterobacteriaceae (antigène Kunin) chez les Yersinia, Levinea, Aeromonas et Vibrio. Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Paris) 123:761–774
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Lind E., Ursing J. 1986; Clinical strains of Enterobacter agglomerans (synonyms: Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia milletiae) identified by DNA-DNA hybridization. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scand. Sect. B 94:205–213
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Mergaert J., Verdonck L., Kersters K., Swings J., Boeufgras J. M., De Ley J. 1984; Numerical taxonomy of Erwinia species using API systems. J. Gen. Microbiol. 130:1893–1910
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Mergaert J., Verdonck L., Kersters K. 1993; Transfer of Erwinia ananas (synonym, Erwinia uredovora) and Erwinia stewartii to the genus Pantoea emend, as Pantoea ananas (Serrano 1928) comb, nov., and Pantoea stewartii (Smith 1898) comb, nov., respectively, and description of Pantoea stewartii subsp. indologenes subsp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol 43:162–173
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Murata N., Starr M. P. 1974; Intrageneric clustering and divergence of Erwinia strains from plants and man in the light of deoxyribonucleic acid segmental homology. Can. J. Microbiol. 20:1545–1565
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Saitou N., Nei M. 1987; The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4:406–425
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Sambrook J., Fritsch E. F., Maniatis T. 1989 Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Starr M. P. 1981 The genus Erwinia. 1260–1271 Starr M. P., Stolp H., Triiper H. G., Balows A., Schlegel H. G.ed The prokaryotes. A handbook on habitats, isolation, and identification of bacteria 2 Springer-Verlag KG; Berlin, Germany.:
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Starr M. P., Chatterjee A. K. 1972; The genus Erwinia·, enterobacteria pathogenic to plants and animals. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 26:389–426
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Thomson S. V., Hildebrand D. C., Schroth M. N. 1981; Identification and nutritional differentiation of the Erwinia sugar beet pathogen from members of Erwinia carotovora and Erwinia chrysanthemi. Phytopathology 71:1037–1042
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Thomson S. V., Schroth M. N., Hills F. J., Whitney E. D., Hildebrand D. C. 1977; Bacterial vascular necrosis and rot of sugarbeet: general description and etiology. Phytopathology 67:1183–1189
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Verdonck L., Mergaert J., Rijckaert C., Swings J., Kersters K., De Ley J. 1987; The genus Erwinia·, a numerical analysis of phenotypic features. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:4–18
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Waldee E. L. 1945; Comparative studies of some peritrichous phytopathogenic bacteria. Iowa State J. Sci. 19:435–484
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Wayne L. G., Brenner D. J., Colwell R. R., Grimont P. A. D., Kandler O., Krichevsky M. I., Moore L. H., Moore W. E. C., Murray R. G. E., Stackebrandt E., Starr M. P., Triiper H. G. 1987; Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Reconciliation of Approaches to Bacterial Systematics. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:463–464
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Weisburg W. G., Barns S. M., Pelletier D. A., Lane D. J. 1991; 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J. Bacteriol. 173:697–703
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Wells J. M., Moline H. E. 1991; Differentiation of the soft-rotting erwinias (the carotovora group) by fatty acid composition. J. Phytopathol. (Berlin) 131:22–32
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Wilson E. E., Zeitoun F. M., Fredrickson D. L. 1967; Bacterial phloem canker, a new disease of Persian walnut trees. Phytopathology 57:618–621
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Wilson E. E., Starr M. P., Berger J. A. 1957; Bark canker, a bacterial disease of the Persian walnut tree. Phytopathology 47:669–673
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Winslow C. E. A, Broadhurst J., Buchanan R. E., Krumwiede C. Jr., Rogers L. A., Smith G. H. 1917; The families and genera of the bacteria. Preliminary report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J. Bacteriol. 2:505–566
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Woese C. R. 1987; Bacterial evolution. Microbiol. Rev. 51:221–271
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Young J. M., Dye D. W., Bradbury J. F., Panagopoulos C. G., Robbs C. F. 1978; A proposed nomenclature and classification for plant pathogenic bacteria. N. Z. J. Agric. Res. 21:152–177
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-4-1061
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-4-1061
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error