The Spiroplasma Motility Inhibition Test, a New Method for Determining Intraspecific Variation among Colorado Potato Beetle Spiroplasmas Free

Abstract

The Colorado potato beetle, , is a major holarctic pest of solanaceous crops. Presumably, this insect spread from species in central America to the Mexican plateau, and this was followed by multiple invasions of North America and Europe. Attempts are being made to control this beetle by using a genetically modified spiroplasma that occurs naturally in its gut. In the current study, spiroplasmas isolated from beetles collected in North America and Poland exhibited serologic (spiroplasma motility inhibition test) and genomic (restriction fragment length polymorphism) profiles that suggest that there were multiple spiroplasma introductions. Two serovars were identified; one is found in northern North America and at high elevations in Poland, and the other is found in southern North America and at low elevations in Poland. The patterns of genovar distribution coincide with the serovar patterns. The existence of such biovars—intraspecific taxal units reflected by serologic and genomic differences—should be taken into consideration when taxonomies are developed and strains are chosen for biocontrol.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-1-33
1997-01-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/47/1/ijs-47-1-33.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-1-33&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Azeredo-Espin A. M. L., Schroder R. F. W., Huettel M. D., Sheppard W. S. 1991; Mitochondrial DNA variationin geographic populations of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Experientia 47:483–485
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Azeredo-Espin A. M. L., Schroder R. F. W., Roderick G. K., Sheppard W. S. 1996; Intraspecific mitochondrial DNA variation in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Biochem. Genet. 34:253–268
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Caliriski T., Corsten L. C. A. 1985; Clustering means in ANOVA by simultaneous testing. Biometrics 41:39–48
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Carle P., Saillard C., Bové J. M. 1983; DNA extraction and purification. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:295–299
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Casagrande R. A. 1985; The “Iowa” potato beetle, its discovery and spread to potatoes. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am. 31:27–29
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Clark H. F., Rourke L. B. 1979; Spiroplasmas of tick origin and their pathogenicity. 155–174 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas III Academic Press; New York, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Clark T. B. 1982; Spiroplasmas: diversity of arthropod reservoirs and host-parasite relationships. Science 217:57–59
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Dively G. P., Ellis F. W., Linduska J. J. 1987 Colorado potato beetle resistance management practices. Maryland Cooperative Extension Service Pest Management Guidelines no. 40 Maryland Cooperative Extension Service;
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Forgash A. J. 1981; Insecticide resistance of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). 34–46 Lashomb J. H., Casagrande R. Advances in potato pest management Hutchison Ross; New York, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gasparich G. E., Hackett K. J., Clark E. A., Renaudin J., Whitcomb R. F. 1993; Occurrence of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acids in spiroplasmas associated with plants, insects, and ticks. Plasmid 29:81–93
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Gasparich G. E., Hackett K. J., French F. E., Whitcomb R. F. Unpublished data
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hackett K. J., Clark T. B. 1989; The ecology of spiroplasmas. 113–200 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas V Academic Press; New York, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hackett K. J., Lynn D. E. 1985; Cell-assisted growth of a fastidious spiroplasma. Science 230:825–827
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hackett K. J., Henegar R. B., Whitcomb R. F., Lynn D. E., Konai M., Schroder R. F., Gasparich G. E., Vaughn J. L., Cantelo W. W. 1992; Distribution and biological control significance of Colorado potato beetle spiroplasmas in North America. Biol. Control 2:218–225
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hackett K. J., Whitcomb R. F., Clark T. B., Henegar R. B., Lynn D. E., Wagner A. G., Tully J. G., Gasparich G. E., Rose D. L., Carle P., Bové J. M., Konai M., Clark E. A., Adams J. R., Williamson D. L. 1996; Spiroplasma leptinotarsae sp. nov., a mollicute uniquely adapted to its host, the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46:906–911
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hare J. D., Kennedy G. G. 1986; Genetic variation in plant-insect associations: survival of Leptinotarsa decemlineata populations on Solanum carolinense. Evolution 40:1031–1043
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Horton D. R., Capineara J. L., Chapman P. L. 1988; Local differences in host use by two populations of the Colorado potato beetle. Ecology 69:823–831
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Hsiao T. H. 1978; Host plant adaptations among geographic populations of the Colorado potato beetle. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 24:437–447
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hsiao T. H. 1985; Ecophysiological and genetic aspects of geographic variations of the Colorado potato beetle. 63–77 Ferro D. N., Voss R. H. Proceedings of Symposium on the Colorado Potato Beetle, XVIIth International Congress of Entomology. Agricultural Experiment Station Research Bulletin 704 University of Massachusetts; Amherst:
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Hsiao T. H., Hsiao C. 1983; Chromosomal analysis of Leptinotarsa decemlineata and Labidomera species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Genetica 60:139–150
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Jolivet P. 1991; Le Doryphore menace l’Asie: Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say 1824 (Col. Chrysomelidae). Entomologiste (Paris) 47:29–48
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Lu W., Logan P. 1994; Genetic variation in oviposition between and within populations of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 87:634–640
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Riley C. V. 1875 Seventh annual report on the noxious, beneficial, and other insects in the state of Missouri Regan and Carter; Jefferson City, Mo.:
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Sambrook J., Fritsch E. F., Maniatis T. 1989 Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed.. I to III Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  25. SAS Institute, Inc. 1989 SAS/STAT user’s guide, version 6, 4th ed.. 1 SAS Institute, Inc.; Cary, N.C.:
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Tauber M. J., Tauber C. A., Obrycki J. J., Gollands B., Wright R. J. 1988; Geographical variation in response to photoperiod and temperature by Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) during and after dormancy. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 81:764–773
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Tully J. G. 1989; Class Mollicutes: new perspectives from plant and arthropod studies. 1–31 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas V Academic Press; New York, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Carle P., Bové J. M., Henegar R. B., Whitcomb R. F., Colflesh D. E., Williamson D. L. 1987; Revised group classification of the genus Spiroplasma (class Mollicutes), with proposed new groups XII to XXIII. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:357–364
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Walsh B. D. 1865; The new potato bug and its natural history. Pract. Entomol. 1:1–4
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Wegorek W. 1959; The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). Prace Nauk. Inst. Ochr. Rosl. Warsz. 1:21–105
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Weisburg W. G., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Petzel J. P., Oyaizu H., Yang D., Mandelco L., Sechrest J., Lawrence T. G., Etten J. Van, Maniloff J., Woese C. R. 1989; A phylogenetic analysis of mycoplasmas: basis for their classification. J. Bacteriol. 171:6455–6467
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Whitcomb R. F. 1983; Culture media for spiroplasmas. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:147–158
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Whitcomb R. F. 1994; The species concept in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: search for a synthesis. IOM Lett. 3:1–7
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Clark T. B., Williamson D. L., Bové J. M. 1982; Revised serological classification of spiroplasmas, new provisional groups, and recommendations for serotyping of isolates. Curr. Microbiol. 7:291–296
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Whitcomb R. F., Clark T. B., Tully J. G., Chen T. A., Bové J. M. 1983; Serological classification of spiroplasmas: current status. Yale J. Biol. Med. 56:453–459
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Whitcomb R. F., Bové J. M., Chen T. A., Tully J. G., Williamson D. L. 1987; Proposed criteria for an interim serogroup classification for members of the genus Spiroplasma (class Mollicutes). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:82–84
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Whitcomb R. F., Hackett K. J., Tully J. G., Clark E. A., French F. E., Henegar R. B., Rose D. L., Wagner A. S. 1990; Tabanid spiroplasmas as a model for mollicute biogeography. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Suppl. 20:931–933
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Williamson D. L., Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. 1978; The spiroplasma deformation test, a new serological method. Curr. Microbiol. 1:203–207
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Williamson D. L., Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F. 1979; Serological relationships of spiroplasmas as shown by combined deformation and metabolism inhibition tests. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 29:345–351
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Williamson D. L., Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F. 1989; The genus Spiroplasma. 71–111 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas V Academic Press; New York, N.Y.:
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Ye F., Renaudin J., Bové J.-M., Laigret F. 1994; Cloning and sequencing of the replication origin (oriC) of the Spiroplasma citri chromosome and construction of autonomously replicating artificial plasmids. Curr. Microbiol. 29:23–29
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-1-33
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-47-1-33
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed