%0 Journal Article %A Miller, Eric S. %A Woese, Carl R. %A Brenner, Sydney %T Description of the Erythromycin-Producing Bacterium Arthrobacter sp. Strain NRRL B-3381 as Aeromicrobium erythreum gen. nov., sp. nov. %D 1991 %J International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, %V 41 %N 3 %P 363-368 %@ 1466-5034 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-41-3-363 %I Microbiology Society, %X Arthrobacter sp. strain NRRL B-3381T (T = type strain) is a nonmycelial, nonsporulating actinomycete that produces the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. This bacterium differs in many ways from the type species of the genus Arthrobacter (Arthrobacter globiformis), suggesting that a taxonomic revision is appropriate. The G+C content of strain NRRL B-3381T DNA is 71 to 73 mol%, and the peptidoglycan of this organism contains LL-diaminopimelic acid. Evolutionary distance data obtained from 16S rRNA sequences identified NRRL B-3381T as the deepest branching member of the Nocardioides group of actinomycetes. The principal long-chain fatty acids which we identified that distinguished strain NRRL B-3381T from related G+C-rich bacteria were 10-methyloctadecanoic (tuberculosteric), octadecenoic, and hexadecanoic acids. These characteristics, together with phage typing and biochemical characteristics, form the basis for our recommendation that strain NRRL B-3381 should be the type strain of a new taxon, for which we propose the name Aeromicrobium erythreum. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-41-3-363