Evidence that Bacteroides nodosus Belongs in Subgroup Gamma of the Class Proteobacteria, Not in the Genus Bacteroides: Partial Sequence Analysis of a B. nodosus 16S rRNA Gene
The taxonomic status of the anaerobe Bacteroides nodosus has for some time been uncertain. To resolve this uncertainty, the distal portion of a 16S rRNA gene from this important ovine pathogen was cloned, mapped, and sequenced. A comparison of the sequence with the sequences of 16S rRNA molecules from other bacteria indicated that B. nodosus is more closely related to Escherichia coli and other members of the class Proteobacteria than to Bacteroides fragilis or the bacteroides-flavobacterium-cytophaga phylum. The evidence from the comparison of sequence signatures suggests that B. nodosus is not a member of the genus Bacteroides but that it belongs in subgroup γ of the class Proteobacteria.
AndersonB. J., BillsM. M., EgertonJ. R., MattickJ. S.1984; Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding the structural subunit of Bacteroides nodosus fimbriae. J. Bacteriol. 160:748–754
BeveridgeW. I. B.1941 Footrot in sheep: a transmissible disease due to infection with Fusiformis nodosus. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin no. 140. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; Melbourne, Australia:
BrosiusJ., PalmerM. L., KennedyP. J., NollerH. F.1978; Complete nucleotide sequence of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene from Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75:48014805
CarbonP., EbelJ. P., EhresmanC.1981; The sequences of the ribosomal 16S RNA from Proteus vulgaris. Sequence comparison with E. coli 16S RNA and its use in secondary structure model building. Nucleic Acids Res. 9:2325–2333
DewhirstF. E., PasterB. J., BrightP. L.1989; Chromobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella, Neisseria, Simonsiella, and Vitreoscilla species comprise a major branch of the beta group Proteobacteria by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequence comparison: transfer of Eikenella and Simonsiella to the family Neisseriaceae (emend). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39:258–266
EgertonJ. R., RobertsD. S., ParsonsonI. M.1969; The aetiology and pathogenesis of ovine footrot. I. A histological study of the bacterial invasion. J. Comp. Pathol. 79:207–215
EmeryD. L.1988 Approaches to identify and neutralize virulence determinants of Fusobacterium and Bacteroides spp.. 243–362RothJ. A.edVirulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens American Society for Microbiology; Washington, D.C:
GrunsteinM., HognessD. S.1975; Colony hybridization: a method for the isolation of cloned DNAs that contain a specific gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72:3961–3965
MartensB., SpieglH., StackebrandtE.1987; Sequence of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene of Ruminobacter amylophilus: the relation between homology values and similarity coefficients. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 9:224–230
MosesE. K., RoodJ. I., YongW. K., RiffkinG. G.1989; Molecular analysis of one of multiple protease-encoding genes from the prototype virulent strain of Bacteroides nodosus. Gene 77:219–228
PasterB. J., LudwigW., WeisburgW. G., StackebrandtE., HespellR. B., HahnC. M., ReichenbachH., StetterK. O., WoeseC. R.1985; A phylogenetic grouping of the bacteroides, cytophagas and certain flavobacteria. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 6:34–42
ShahH. N., CollinsM. D.1989; Proposal to restrict the genus Bacteroides (Castellani and Chalmers) to Bacteroides fragilis and closely related species. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39:85–87
ShineJ., DalgarnoL.1974; The 3′-terminal sequence of Escherichia coli 16S ribosomal RNA: complementarity to nonsense triplets and ribosome binding sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71:1342–1346
StackebrandtE., MurrayR. G. E., TniperH. G.1988; Proteobacteria classis nov., a name for the phylogenetic taxon that includes the “purple bacteria and their relatives.”. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 38:321–325
StewartD. J., ClarkB. L., JarretR. G.1984; Differences between strains of Bacteroides nodosus in their effects on the severity of footrot, body weight and wool growth in Merino sheep. Aust. Vet. J. 61:349–352
Van den EyndeH., de BaereR., ShahH. S., GharbiaS. E., FoxG. E., MichalikJ., Van de PeerY., de WachterR.1989; 5S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequences in Bacteroides and Fusobacteriunv. evolutionary relationships within these genera and among eubacteria in general. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39:78–84
VieiraJ., MessingJ.1982; The pUC plasmids, an M13mp7-derived system for insertion mutagenesis and sequencing with synthetic universal primers. Gene 19:259–268
von GabainA., BelascoJ. G., SchottelJ. L., ChangA. C. Y., CohenS. N.1983; Decay of mRNA in Escherichia coli: investigation of the fate of specific segments of transcripts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:653–657
Evidence that Bacteroides nodosus Belongs in Subgroup Gamma of the Class Proteobacteria, Not in the Genus Bacteroides: Partial Sequence Analysis of a B. nodosus 16S rRNA Gene