1887

Abstract

A collection of 47 strains of obligately anaerobic, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that were isolated mainly from spoiled beer and pitching yeast was studied to learn more about their taxonomic positions. A new species of the genus , a new species of the genus , and a new genus comprising two species, and , are described. All of the strains contained directly cross-linked -diaminopimelic acid-containing peptidoglycan and in addition the diamine cadaverine or (rarely) putrescine. The diamine was covalently linked to the α-carboxyl group of -glutamic acid in the peptide subunit of peptidoglycan. Lipid F was also found as a characteristic cellular compound. The phylogenetic relationships of members of these new species were examined by reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16S rRNA or by DNA-DNA hybridization studies or both. All of the organisms belong to the subdivision containing species with gram-negative cell walls within the phylum of gram-positive bacteria. This finding is in good agreement with the presence of a peptidoglycan that contains diamine.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-40-1-19
1990-01-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/40/1/ijsem-40-1-19.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-40-1-19&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Back W., Weiss N., Seidel H. 1979; Isolierung und systematische Zuordnung bierschädlicher Bakterien. II. Gram-negative anaerobe Stäbchen. Brauwissenschaft 32:233–238
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Collins M. D., Pirouz T., Goodfellow M., Minnikin D. E. 1977; Distribution of menaquinones in actinomycetes and corynebacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol. 100:221–230
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Dams E., Hendriks L., van de Peer Y., Neep J.-M., Smits G., Vandenbempt I., de Wachter R. 1988; Compilation of small ribosomal subunit RNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 16:r87–r99
    [Google Scholar]
  4. De Borde D. C., Neave C. W., Herlocher M. L., Massab H. F. 1986; Resolution of a common sequencing ambiguity by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Anal. Biochem. 157:275–282
    [Google Scholar]
  5. De Ley J., Cattoir H., Reynaerts A. 1970; The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Eur. J. Biochem. 2:133–142
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Embley T. M., Smida J., Stackebrandt E. 1988; Reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA from Faenia rectivirgula, Pseudonocardia thermophila and Saccharopolyspora hirsuta, three cell wall type IV organisms which lack mycolic acids. J. Gen. Microbiol. 134:961–966
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Engelmann U., Weiss N. 1985; Megasphaera cerevisiae sp. nov.: a new Gram-negative obligately anaerobic coccus isolated from spoiled beer. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 6:287–290
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fitch W. M., Margoliash E. 1967; Construction of phylogenetic trees. Science 155:279–284
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Haikara A. 1985; Detection of anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria in beer. Monatsschr. Brauereiwiss. 38:239–243
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Haikara A., Penttilä L., Enari T. M., Lounatmaa K. 1980; Microbiological, biochemical, and electron microscopic characterization of a Pectinatus strain. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 41:511–517
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Holdeman L. V., Cato E. P., Moore W. E. C. 1977 Anaerobe laboratory manual. , 4th ed.. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Blacksburg:
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hori H. 1975; Evolution of 5S rRNA. J. Mol. Evol. 7:75–88
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Huss V. A. R., Festl H., Schleifer K. H. 1983; Studies on the spectrophotometric determination of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 4:184–192
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kamio Y., Itho Y., Terawaki Y. 1981; Chemical structure of peptidoglycan in Selenomonas ruminantium’. cadaverin links covalently to the d-glutamic acid residue of peptidoglycan. J. Bacteriol. 146:49–53
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Lane D. J., Pace B., Olsen G. J., Stahl D. A., Sogin M. L., Pace N. R. 1985; Rapid determination of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses. Proct. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:6955–6959
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lee S. Y., Mabee M. S., Jangaard N. D. 1978; Pectinatus, a new genus of the family Bacteroidaceae. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 28:582–594
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Marmur J., Doty P. 1962; Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J. Mol. Biol. 5:109–118
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Meyer S. A., Schleifer K. H. 1975; Rapid procedure for the approximate determination of the deoxyribonucleic acid base composition of micrococci, staphylococci, and other bacteria. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 24:383–385
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Moore L. V. H., Johnson J. L., Moore W. E. C. 1987; Selenomonas noxia sp. nov., Selenomonas flueggei sp. nov., and Selenomomas artemidis sp. nov., from the human gingival crevice. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:271–280
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Schleifer K. H., Kandler O. 1972; Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications. Bacteriol. Rev. 36:407–477
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Stackebrandt E., Pohla H., Kroppenstedt R., Hippe H., Woese C. R. 1985; 16S rRNA analysis of Sporomusa, Selenomonas and Megasphaera’. on the phylogenetic origin of Grampositive eubacteria. Arch. Microbiol. 143:270–276
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Takahashi N. 1983; Presumed Pectinatus strains isolated from Japanese beer. Bull. Brew. Sci. 28:11–14
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Weiss N., Seidel H., Back W. 1979; Isolierung und system-atische Zuordnungbierschãdlicher Bakterien. I. Gram-negative, strikt anaerobe Kokken. Brauwissenschaft 32:189–194
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Woese C. R. 1987; Bacterial evolution. Microbiol. Rev. 51:221–271
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-40-1-19
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-40-1-19
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error