1887

Abstract

Eleven sterol-nonrequiring mollicute strains isolated from gut contents of representatives of nine insect genera and two strains isolated from flower surfaces ( sp.) were found to be serologically similar to an insect-derived acholeplasma (strain TAC [T = type strain]) described briefly in an earlier report. Strain TAC, isolated from gut fluids of a tabanid fly () and shown in earlier studies to belong to the class , lacked a sterol requirement for growth and catabolized glucose, but did not hydrolyze arbutin, arginine, or urea. Most strains of the strain TAC cluster grew on serum-free medium alone or on serum-free medium supplemented with a 0.04% Tween 80 fatty acid mixture. The strains grew over a temperature range of 23 to 32°C (optimum, 30°C) but did not grow at 37°C. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the deoxyribonucleic acid was 30 mol%. Strain TAC was serologically unrelated to the ten previously-established species in the genus and to six other unclassified sterol-nonrequiring strains isolated from plant or insect hosts. The data suggest that this group of new acholeplasmas is widespread in insects and may be disseminated among various plant surfaces during feeding excursions. Strain TAC (= ATCC 43706) is proposed as the type strain of sp. nov.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-38-2-164
1988-04-01
2024-12-03
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/38/2/ijsem-38-2-164.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-38-2-164&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Aluotto B. B., Wittier R. G., Williams C. O., Faber J. E. 1970; Standardized bactériologie techniques for characterization of Mycoplasma species. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 20:3558
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bradbury J. M. 1977; Rapid biochemical tests for characterization of the Mycoplasmatales. J. Clin. Microbiol. 5:531–534
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Carle P., Saillard C., Bové J. M. 1983 Determination of guanine plus cytosine content of DNA. 301–308 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Clark T. B., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Henegar R., Whitcomb R. F. 1986; Acholeplasmas and similar nonsterol-requiring mollicutes from insects: missing link in microbial ecology. Curr. Microbiol. 13:11–16
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Clyde W. A. Jr. 1964; Mycoplasma species identification based upon growth inhibition by specific antisera. J. Immunol. 92:958965
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Cole R. M. 1983 Virus detection by electron microscopy. 407–412 Tully J. G., Razin S.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 2 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Del Giudice R. A., Robillard N. F., Carski T. R. 1967; Immunofluorescence identification of Mycoplasma on agar by use of incident illumination. J. Bacteriol. 93:1205–1209
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Doi Y., Teranaka M., Yora K., Asuyama H. 1967; Mycoplasma- or PLT group-like microorganisms found in the phloem elements of plants infected with mulberry dwarf, potato witches’ broom, aster yellows, or Paulownia witches’ broom. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Jpn. 33:259–266
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Eden-Green S., Markham P. G. 1987; Multiplication and persistence of Acholeplasma spp. in leafhoppers. J. Invert. Pathol. 49:235–241
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Eden-Green S., Tully J. G. 1979; Isolation of Acholeplasma spp. from coconut palms affected by lethal yellowing disease in Jamaica. Curr. Microbiol. 2:311–316
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Edward D. G. ff, Freundt E. A. 1967; Proposal for Mollicutes as name of the class established for the order Mycoplasmatales. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 17:267–268
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Edward D. G. ff, Freundt E. A. 1970; Amended nomenclature for strains related to Mycoplasma laidlawii. J. Gen. Microbiol. 62:1–2
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Erickson B. Z., Ross R. F., Rose D. L., Tully J. G., Bove J. M. 1986; Mycoplasma hyopharyngis, a new species from swine. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:55–59
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Freundt E. A. 1983 Film and spot production. 373–374 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Gardella R. S., Del Giudice R. A. 1983 Hemagglutination, hemadsorption, and hemolysis. 379–384 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Markham P. G., Clark T. B., Whitcomb R. F. 1983 Culture techniques for spiroplasmas from arthropods. 217–223 Tully J. G., Razin S.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 2 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  17. McCoy R. E., Basham H. G., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Carle P., Bové J. M. 1984; Acholeplasma florum: a new species isolated from plants. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34:11–15
    [Google Scholar]
  18. McCoy R. E., Williams D. S., Thomas D. L. 1979 Isolation of mycoplasmas from flowers. 75–80 McCoy R. E., Su H.edProceedings of the Republic of China-United States Cooperative Science Seminar, Symposium Series I. National Science CouncilTaipai, Taiwan
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Neimark H. C. 1979 Phylogenetic relationships between mycoplasmas and other prokaryotes. 43–61 Barile M. F., Razin S.ed The mycoplasmas 1 Cell biology Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Razin S. 1979 Isolation and characterization of mycoplasma membranes. 213–310 Barile M. F., Razin S.ed The mycoplasmas 1 Cell biology Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Razin S. 1983 Pigmented carotenoids. 375–376 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Razin S., Freundt E. A. 1984 Class Mollicutes. 740–742 Krieg N. R., Holt J. A.ed Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology 1 The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore.:
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Razin S., Tully J. G. 1970; Cholesterol requirements of mycoplasmas. J. Bacteriol. 102:306–310
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Rose D. L., Tully J. G. 1983 Detection of β-d-glucosidase: hydrolysis of esculin and arbutin. 385–389 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Somerm N. L., Kocka J. P., Del Giudice R. A., Rose D. L. 1982; Isolation of acholeplasmas and a mycoplasma from vegetables. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 43:412–417
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Tully J. G. 1973; Biological and serological characteristics of the acholeplasmas. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 225:74–93
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Tully J. G. 1979 Special features of the acholeplasmas. 431–449 Barile M. F., Razin S.ed The mycoplasmas 1 Cell biology Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Tully J. G. 1983; Reflections on recovery of some fastidious mollicutes with implications of the changing host patterns of these organisms. Yale J. Biol. Med. 56:799–813
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Tully J. G. 1984 The family Acholeplasmataceae, genus Acholeplasma. 781–787 Krieg N. R., Holt J. M.ed Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology 1 The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore.:
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Whitcomb R. F., Hackett K. J., Clark T. B., Renegar R. B., Clark E., Carle P., Bové J. M. 1987; Characterization of some new insect-derived acholeplasmas. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 23:699–703
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Whitcomb R. F. 1983 Spiroplasma culture media. 147–158 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Bové J. M., Saglio P. 1973; Spiroplasmas and acholeplasmas: multiplication in insects. Science 182:1251–1253
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Stephens E. B., Smith A., McCoy R. E., Barile M. F. 1982; Wall-less prokaryotes from fall flowers in central United States and Maryland. Curr. Microbiol. 7:285–290
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Whitcomb R. F., Williamson D. L. 1979; Pathogenicity of mycoplasmas for arthropods. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infectionskr. Hyg. Abt. 1 Grig. Reihe A 245:200–221
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Woese C. R., Maniloff J., Zablen L. B. 1980; Phylogenetic analysis of the mycoplasmas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:494–498
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-38-2-164
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-38-2-164
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error