Proposal for Reclassification of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus, Bacteroides gingivalis, and Bacteroides endodontalis in a New Genus, Porphyromonas

References

1. Bulkacz J., Newman M. B., Socrasky S. S., Newbrun E., Scott D. F. 1979; Phospholipase A activity of microorganisms from dental plaque. Microbiol. Lett. 10:79–88
   [Google Scholar]
2. Carlsson J., Höfling J. F., Sundqvist G. K. 1984; Degradation of albumin haemopexin, haptoglobin and transferrin by black-pigmented Bacteroides species. J. Med. Microbiol. 18:39–46
   [Google Scholar]
3. Collins M. D., Shah H. N. 1987 Recent advances in the chemotaxonomy of the genus Bacteroides,. 249–258 Borriello S. P., Hardie J. M., Draser B. S., Duerden B. I., Hudson M. J., Lysons R. J.ed Recent advances in anaerobic bacteriology Martinus Nijhoff Publishers; Boston:
   [Google Scholar]
4. Coykendall A. L., Kaczmarek F. S., Slots J. 1980; Genetic heterogeneity in Bacteroides asaccharolyticus (Holdeman and Moore, 1970; Finegold and Barnes, 1977; Approved Lists, 1980) and proposal of Bacteroides gingivalis sp. nov. and Bacteroides macacae (Slots and Genco) comb. nov.. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:559–564
   [Google Scholar]
5. Duerden B. I. 1980; The isolation and identification of Bacteroides species from the normal human gingival flora. J. Med. Microbiol. 13:89–101
   [Google Scholar]
6. Duerden B. L, Holbrook W. P., Collee J. G., Watt B. 1976; The characterization of clinically important Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli by conventional bacteriological tests. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 40:165–188
   [Google Scholar]
7. Finegold S. M., Barnes E. M. 1977; Report of the ICSB Taxonomic Subcommittee on Gram-Negative Anaerobic Rods. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 27:388–391
   [Google Scholar]
8. Hammann R., Werner H. 1981; Presence of diaminopimelic acid in propionate negative Bacteroides species and in some butyric acid-producing strains. J. Med. Microbiol. 14:205–212
   [Google Scholar]
9. Hofstad T. 1974; The distribution of heptose and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate in Bacteroidaceae. J. Gen. Microbiol. 85:314–320
   [Google Scholar]
10. Holbrook W. P., Duerden B. I., Deacon A. G. 1977; The classification of Bacteroides melaninogenicus and related species. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 42:259–273
    [Google Scholar]
11. Holdeman L. V., Kelly R. W., Moore W. E. C. 1984 Genus Bacteroides,. 604–631 Krieg N. R., Holt J. G.ed Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology 1 The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore.:
    [Google Scholar]
12. Holdeman L. V., Moore W. E. C. 1974 Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. 384–404 Buchanan R. E., Gibbons N. E.ed Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology,, 8th. The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore:
    [Google Scholar]
13. Johnson J. L. 1978; Taxonomy of Bacteroides. I. Deoxyribonucleic acid homologies among Bacteroides fragilis and other saccharolytic Bacteroides. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 28:245–256
    [Google Scholar]
14. Johnson J. L., Moore W. E. C., Moore L. V. 1986; Bacteroides caccae sp. nov., Bacteroides merdae sp. nov., and Bacteroides stercoris sp. noy. isolated from human feces. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:499–501
    [Google Scholar]
15. Kaczmarek F. S., Coykendall A. L. 1980; Production of phenylacetic acid by strains of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus and Bacteroides gingivalis (sp. nov.). J. Clin. Microbiol. 12:288–290
    [Google Scholar]
16. Kilian M. 1981; Degradation of immunoglobulins Al, A2, and G by suspected principal periodontal pathogens. Infect. Immun. 34:757–765
    [Google Scholar]
17. Laughan B. E., Syed S. A., Loesche W. J. 1982; API ZYM system for identification of Bacteroides spp., Capnocytophaga spp., and spirochetes of oral origin. J. Clin. Microbiol. 15:97–102
    [Google Scholar]
18. Mayrand D. 1979; Identification of clinical isolates of selected species of Bacteroides: production of phenylacetic acid. Can. J. Microbiol. 25:927–928
    [Google Scholar]
19. Mayrand D., McBride B. C. 1980; Ecological relationships of bacteria involved in a simple mixed anaerobic infection. Infect. Immun. 27:44–50
    [Google Scholar]
20. Mayrand D., McBride B. C., Edwards T., Jensen S. 1980; Characterization of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus and B. melaninogenicus oral isolates. Can. J. Microbiol. 26:1178–1183
    [Google Scholar]
21. McKee À. S., McDermid A. S., Baskerville A., Dowsett A. B., Ellwood D. C., March F. D. 1986; Effect of hemin on the physiology and virulence of Bacteroides gingivalis W50. Infect. Immun. 52:349–355
    [Google Scholar]
22. Miles D. O., Dyer J. K., Wong J. C. 1976; Influence of amino acids on the growth of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. J. Bacteriol. 127:899–903
    [Google Scholar]
23. Miyagawa E., Azuma R., Suto T. 1979; Cellular fatty acid composition in Gram-negative obligately anaerobic rods. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 25:41–51
    [Google Scholar]
24. Nitzan D., Sperry J. F., Wilkins T. D. 1978; Fibrinolytic activity of oral anaerobic bacteria. Arch. Oral Biol. 23:465–470
    [Google Scholar]
25. Shah H. N., Bonnet R., Mateen B., Williams R. A. D. 1979; The porphyrin pigmentation of subspecies of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Biochem. J. 180:45–50
    [Google Scholar]
26. Shah H. N., Collins M. D. 1980; Fatty acid and isoprenoid quinone composition in the classification of Bacteroides melaninogenicus and related taxa. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 48:75–87
    [Google Scholar]
27. Shah H. N., Collins M. D. 1983; Genus Bacteroides: a chemotaxonomical perspective. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 55:403–416
    [Google Scholar]
28. Shah H. N., Williams R. A. D. 1982; Dehydrogenase patterns in the taxonomy of Bacteroides. J. Gen. Microbiol. 128:2955–2965
    [Google Scholar]
29. Shah H. N., Williams R. A. D. 1987; Utilization of glucose and amino acids by Bacteroides intermedius and Bacteroides gingivalis. Curr. Microbiol. 15:241–246
    [Google Scholar]
30. Shah H. N., Williams R. A. D. 1987; Catabolism of aspartate and asparagine by Bacteroides intermedius and Bacteroides gingivalis. Curr. Microbiol. 15:313–318
    [Google Scholar]
31. Shah H. N., Williams R. A. D., Bowden G. H., Hardie J. M. 1976; Comparison of the biochemical properties of Bacteroides melaninogenicus from human dental plaque and other sites. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 41:473–492
    [Google Scholar]
32. Slots J. 1981; Enzymatic characterization of some oral and non-oral gram-negative bacteria with the API ZYM system. J. Clin. Microbiol. 14:288–294
    [Google Scholar]
33. Slots J., Genco R. J. 1979; Direct hemagglutination technique for differentiating Bacteroides asaccharolyticus oral strains from non-oral strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 10:371–373
    [Google Scholar]
34. Spiegel C. A., Hayduk S. E., Minah G. E., Krywolap G. N. 1979; Black-pigmented Bacteroides from clinically characterised periodontal sites. J. Periodontal Res. 14:376–382
    [Google Scholar]
35. Sundqvist G. K., Carlsson J., Herrmann B. F., Hofling J. F., Vaatainen A. 1984; Degradation in vivo of the C3 protein of guinea-pig complement by a pathogenic strain of Bacteroides gingivalis. Scand. J. Dent. Res. 92:14–24
    [Google Scholar]
36. Swindlehurst C. A., Shah H. N., Parr C. W., Williams R. A. D. 1977; Sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of polypeptides from Bacteroides melaninogenicus. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 43:319–324
    [Google Scholar]
37. Van Steenbergen T. J. M., De Soet J. J., De Graaff J. 1979; DNA base composition of various strains of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 5:127–130
    [Google Scholar]
38. Van Steenbergen T. J. M., De Soet J. J., De Graaff J. 1979; Genetic relationship between different subspecies of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol. 45:513
    [Google Scholar]
39. Van Steenbergen T. J. M., Van Winkelhoff A. J., Mayrand D., Grenier D., De Graaff J. 1984; Bacteroides endodontalis sp. nov., an asaccharolytic black-pigmented Bacteroides species from infected dental root canals. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34:118–120
    [Google Scholar]
40. Van Steenbergen T. J. M., Vlaanderen C. A., De Graaff J. 1982; Confirmation of Bacteroides gingivalis as a species distinct from Bacteroides asaccharolyticus. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 31:236–241
    [Google Scholar]
41. Van Steenbergen T. J. M., Vlaanderen C. A., De Graaff J. 1982; Deoxyribonucleic acid homologies among strains of Bacteroides melaninogenicus and related species. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 53:269–276
    [Google Scholar]
42. Van Winkelhoff A. J., Carlee A. W., De Graaff J. 1985; Bacteroides endodontalis and other black-pigmented Bacteroides species in odontogenic abscesses. Infect. Immun. 49:494–497
    [Google Scholar]
43. Van Winkelhoff A. J., Kippuw N., De Graaff J. 1985; Serological characterization of black-pigmented Bacteroides endodontalis. Infect. Immun. 51:972–974
    [Google Scholar]
44. Van Winkelhoff A. J., Van Steenbergen T. J. M., Kippuw N., De Graaff J. 1985; Further characterization of Bacteroides endodontalis, an asaccharolytic black-pigmented Bacteroides species from the oral cavity. J. Clin. Microbiol. 22:75–79
    [Google Scholar]
45. Wahren A., Gibbons R. J. 1970; Amino acid fermentation by Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol. Serol. 36:149–159
    [Google Scholar]
46. Werner H., Pulverer G., Reichertz C. 1971; Biochemical properties and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 157:3–9
    [Google Scholar]
47. Wong J. C., Dyer J. K., Tribble T. L. 1977; Fermentation of l-aspartate by a saccharolytic strain of Bacteroides melaninogencius. Environ. Microbiol. 33:69–73
    [Google Scholar]