Revised Group Classification of the Genus (Class ), with Proposed New Groups XII to XXIII Free

Abstract

Fourteen spiroplasma strains, primarily of insect origin, were analyzed according to criteria previously proposed for description of new serogroups of the genus . When tested by reciprocal metabolism inhibition, growth inhibition, and deformation serological procedures, 12 of the strains were serologically unrelated to each other and to representative strains previously assigned to groups I to XI and subgroups I-1 to I-8. Examination by dark-field and electron microscopy indicated that each of the 12 strains possessed morphological features typical of spiroplasmas (helicity, motility, lack of a cell wall, and absence of periplasmic fibrils). All strains were resistant to 500 U of penicillin per ml and catabolized glucose but were unable to hydrolyze urea. Ability to hydrolyze arginine varied among strains. The guanine-plus-cytosine contents of the deoxyribonucleic acid of the 12 strains varied from 24 to 29 mol%. Two other strains (MQ-6 and Ar-1357) shared only a partial serological relationship to strain CC-1 (group XVI), suggesting that this group may consist of an assemblage of heterogeneous serovars. On the basis of the unique serological distinctions and other properties reported herein, we propose that the 12 representative strains be assigned new consecutive group designations XII to XXIII.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-4-357
1987-10-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/37/4/ijsem-37-4-357.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-4-357&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Abalain-Colloc M. L., Chastel C., Tully J. G., Bove J. M., Whitcomb R. F., Gilot B., Williamson D. L. 1987; Spiroplasma sabaudiense sp. nov. from mosquitoes collected in France. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:260–265
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bove J. M. 1984; Wall-less prokaryotes of plants. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 22:361–396
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bove J. M., Mouches C., Carle-Junca P., Degorce-Dumas J. R., Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F. 1983; Spiroplasmas of group I: the Spiroplasma citri cluster. Yale J. Biol. Med. 56:573–582
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Carle P., Saillard C., Bove J. M. 1983 DNA extraction and purification. 295–299 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Carle P., Saillard C., Bove J. M. 1983 Determination of guanine plus cytosine content of DNA. 301–308 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Chastel C., Gilot B., Le Goff F., Gruffaz R., Abalain-Colloc M.-L. 1985; Isolement de spiroplasmes en France (Savoie, Alpes du Nord) a partir de moustiques du genre Aedes. C.R. Acad. Sci. 300:261–266
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Clark T. B. 1982; Spiroplasmas: diversity of arthropod reservoirs and host-parasite relationships. Science 217:57–59
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Clark T. B., Peterson B. V., Whitcomb R. F., Henegar R. B., Hackett K. J., Tully J. G. 1984; Spiroplasmas in the Tabanidae. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 20:1002–1005
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Clark T. B., Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Mouches C., Saillard C., Bove J. M., Wroblewski H., Carle P., Rose D. L., Henegar R. B., Williamson D. L. 1985; Spiroplasma melliferum, a new species from the honeybee (Apis mellifera). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 35:296–308
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Davis R. E., Lee I-M., Worley J. F. 1981; Spiroplasma floricola. a new species isolated from surfaces of flowers of the tulip tree, Liriodendron tulipifera L. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 31:456–464
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hackett K. J., Lynn D. E. 1985; Cell assisted growth of a fastidious spiroplasma. Science 230:825–827
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hackett K. J., Lynn D. E., Williamson D. L., Ginsberg A. S., Whitcomb R. F. 1986; Cultivation of the Drosophila sex-ratio spiroplasma. Science 232:1253–1255
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hung S. Y., Chen T. A., Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Chen X. Y. 1987; Spiroplasma culicicola sp. nov. from the salt marsh mosquito Aedes sollicitons. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:365–370
    [Google Scholar]
  14. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Mollicutes 1979; Proposals of minimum standards for descriptions of new species of the class Mollicutes. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 29:172–180
    [Google Scholar]
  15. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Mollicutes 1984; Minutes of the interim meeting, 30 August and 6 September 1982, Tokyo, Japan. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34:361–365
    [Google Scholar]
  16. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Mollicutes 1985; Minutes of the interim meeting, 21 and 26 June 1984, Jerusalem, Israel. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 35:378–381
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Junca P., Saillard C., Tully J. G., Garcia-Jurado O., Degorce-Dumas J. R., Mouches C., Vignault J. C., Vogel R., McCoy R., Whitcomb R., Williamson D., Latrille J., Bové J. M. 1980; Characterisation de spiroplasmes isolés d’insects et de fleurs de France continentale, de Corse et du Maroc. Proposition pour une classification des spiroplasmes. C.R. Acad Sci. 290:1209–1212
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Mouches C., Bové J. M., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., McCoy R. E., Carle-Junca P., Garnier M., Saillard C. 1983 Spiroplasma apis, a new species from the honey-bee (Apis mellifera). Ann. Inst. Microbiol Paris: 134A383–397
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Saglio P., L’Hospital M., Lafléche D., Dupont G., Bové J. M., Tully J. G., Freundt E. A. 1973; Spiroplasma citri gen. and sp. nov.: a mycoplasmalike organism associated with “stubborn” disease of citrus. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 23:191–204
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Saillard C., Vignault J. C., Bové J. M., Raie A., Tully J. G., Williamson D. L., Fos A., Garnier M., Gadeau A., Carle P., Whitcomb R. F. 1987; Spiroplasma phoeniceum sp. nov., a new plant-pathogenic species from Syria. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:106–115
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Saillard C., Vignault J. C., Gadeau A., Carle P., Garnier M., Fos A., Bové J. M., Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F. 1984; Discovery of a new plant-pathogenic spiroplasma. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 20:1013–1015
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Garcia-Jurado O., Vignault J. C, Saillard C., Bové J. M., McCoy R. E., Williamson D. L. 1980; Serological analysis of a new group of spiroplasmas. Curr. Microbiol. 3:369–372
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F., Bové J. M., Saglio P. 1973; Plant mycoplasmas: serological relation between agents associated with citrus stubborn and corn stunt diseases. Science 182:892–894
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F., Rose D. L., Bové J. M. 1982; Spiroplasma mirum, a new species from the rabbitt tick (Haemaphysalis leporispalustris). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 32:92–100
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Whitcomb R. F. 1980; The genus Spiroplasma. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 34:677–709
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Whitcomb R. F. 1981; The biology of spiroplasmas. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 26:397–425
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Whitcomb R. F. 1983 Culture media for spiroplasmas. 147–158 Razin S., Tully J. G.ed Methods in mycoplasmology 1 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Whitcomb R. F., Bové J. M., Chen T. A., Tully J. G., Williamson D. L. 1987; Proposed criteria for an interim serogroup classification for members of the genus Spiroplasma (class Mollicutes). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:82–84
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Whitcomb R. F., Chen T. A., Williamson D. L., Liao C., Tully J. G., Bové J. M., Mouches C., Rose D. L., Coan M. E., Clark T. B. 1986; Spiroplasma kunkelii sp. nov., the etiological agent of corn stunt disease. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:170–178
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Whitcomb R. F., Clark T. B., Tully J. G., Chen T. A., Bové J. M. 1983; Serological classification of spiroplasmas: current status. Yale J. Biol. Med. 56:453–459
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Clark T. B., Williamson D. L., Bove J. M. 1982; Revised serological classification of spiroplasmas, new provisional groups and recommendations for serotyping of isolates. Curr. Microbiol. 7:291–296
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., McCawley P., Rose D. L. 1982; Application of the growth inhibition test to Spiroplasma taxonomy. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 32:387–394
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Williamson D. L., Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F. 1979; Serological relationships of spiroplasmas as shown by combined deformation and metabolism inhibition tests. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 29:345–351
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Williamson D. L., Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. 1978; The spiroplasma deformation test, a new serological method. Curr. Microbiol. 1:203–207
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-4-357
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-4-357
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed