1887

Abstract

Streptococci that produced acetoin and alkaline phosphatase, hydrolyzed arginine, and fermented trehalose but did not produce pyrrolidonylarylamidase or β-glucuronidase, split hippurate, or ferment ribose or glycogen were collected and compared. These streptococci were considered members of the unapproved species but most of them would fit the description of one of three approved species: , or . Most were recent clinical isolates. Some hydrolyzed esculin and fermented lactose, while others did not. Some fermented mannitol and raffinose. Many were beta-hemolytic, and several reacted to antiserum of Lancefield group A, C, F, or G. From a total of 111 strains, 40 were selected for comparison of their deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base sequence similarities by DNA-DNA hybridization on membrane filters. All biotypes, hemolytic types, and serotypes were included, as well as the type strains of , and , and Lancefield group F sp., plus two strains derived from Guthof’s isolates. The results showed considerable genetic similarity within the group. DNA from most strains hybridized at a level of 70% or more of the homologous control, even under very stringent conditions. There was somewhat less homology between DNAs of some of the least reactive strains (lactose, mannitol, and esculin negative) and the most reactive strains (lactose, mannitol, and esculin positive). The Lancefield F strain and the type strains of and were genetically similar. Traits such as hemolysis and lactose fermentation could not be ascribed to plasmids. The results support the unification of these streptococci into a single species.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-3-222
1987-07-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/37/3/ijsem-37-3-222.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-3-222&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Andrewes F. W., Horder T. J. 1906; A study of the streptococci pathogenic for man. Lancet ii:703–713
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Appelbaum P. C., Chaurushiya P. S., Jacobs M. R., Duffett A. 1984; Evaluation of the Rapid Strep system for species identification of streptococci. J. Clin. Microbiol. 19:588–591
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Ball L. C., Parker M. T. 1979; The cultural and biochemical characters of Streptococcus milled strains isolated from human sources. J. Hyg. 82:63–78
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Carlsson J. 1967; Presence of various types of non-haemolytic streptococci in dental plaque and in other sites of the oral cavity in man. Odontol. Revy 18:55–74
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chapman G. H. 1946; The isolation and testing of fecal streptococci. Am. J. Digest. Dis. 13:105–107
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Colman G., Williams R. E. O. 1972 Taxonomy of some human viridans streptococci. 282–299 Wannamaker L. W., Matsen J. M.ed Streptococci and streptococcal diseases Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Coykendall A. L. 1971; Genetic heterogeneity in Streptococcus mutans. J. Bacteriol. 106:192–196
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Coykendall A. L., Gustafson K. B. 1985; Deoxyribonucleic acid hybridizations among strains Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus bovis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 35:274–280
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Deibel R. H., Seeley H. W. Jr. 1974 Genus I. Streptococcus Rosenbach 1884. 490–509 Buchanan R. E., Gibbons N. E.ed Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th. The Williams and Wilkins Co.; Baltimore:
    [Google Scholar]
  10. DeLey J., Tijtgat R. 1970; Evaluation of membrane filters for DNA-DNA hybridization. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol. Serol. 36:461–474
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Ezaki T., Facklam R., Takeuchi N., Yabuuchi E. 1986; Genetic relatedness between the type strain of Streptococcus anginosus and minute-colony-forming beta-hemolytic streptococci carrying different Lancefield grouping antigens. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:345–347
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Facklam R. R. 1977; Physiological differentiation of viridans streptococci. J. Clin. Microbiol. 5:184–201
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Facklam R. R. 1984; The major differences in the American and British Streptococcus taxonomy schemes with special reference to Streptococcus milled. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. 3:91–93
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Facklam R. R., Rhoden D. L., Smith P. B. 1984; Evaluation of the Rapid Strep system for the identification of clinical isolates of Streptococcus species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 20:894–898
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Farrow J. A. E., Collins M. D. 1984; Taxonomic studies on streptococci of serological groups C, G and L and possibly related taxa. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 5:483–493
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Guthof O. 1956; Ueber Pathogene “Vergrünende Streptokokken” Streptokokken-Befunde bei dentogenen abszessen undinfiltraten in bereich der Mundhöhle. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. 1 Orig. 166:553–564
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hardie J. M., Bowden G. H. 1976; Physiological classification of oral viridans streptococci. J. Dent. Res 55:A166–A176
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Holdeman L. V., Moore W. E. C. 1974; New genus, Coprococcus, twelve new species, and emended descriptions of four previously described species of bacteria from human feces. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 24:260–277
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Johnson J. L., Ordal E. J. 1968; Deoxyribonucleic acid homology in bacterial taxonomy: effect of incubation temperature on reaction specificity. J. Bacteriol. 95:893–900
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kilpper-Bälz R., Williams B. L., Lütticken R., Schleifer K. H. 1984; Relatedness of “Streptococcus milled” with Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus constellatus. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 5:494–500
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Lapage S. P., Bascomb S., Wilcox W. R., Curtis M. A. 1973; Identification of bacteria by computer: general aspects and perspectives. J. Gen. Microbiol. 77:273–290
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Lawrence J., Yajko D. M., Hadley W. K. 1985; Incidence and characterization of beta-hemolytic Streptococcus milled and differentation form S. pyogenes (group A), 5. equisimilis (group C), and large-colony group G streptococci. J. Clin. Microbiol. 22:772–777
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Legault-Demare J., Desseaux B., Heyman T., Seror S., Ress G. P. 1967; Studies on hybrid molecules of nucleic acids. I. DNA-DNA hybrids on nitrocellulose filters. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 28:550–557
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Lütticken R., Wendorff U., Lütticken D., Johnson E. A., Wannamaker L. W. 1978; Studies on streptococci resembling Streptococcus milled and on an associated surface-protein antigen. J. Med. Microbiol. 11:419–431
    [Google Scholar]
  25. MacFaddin J. R. 1977 Biochemical tests for the identification of medical bacteria. The Williams and Wilkins Co.; Baltimore:
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Macrina F. L., Kopecko D. J., Jones K. R., Ayers D. J., McCowen S. M. 1978; A multiple plasmid-containing Escherichia coli strain: convenient source of size reference plasmid molecules. Plasmid 1:417–420
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Macrina F. L., Wood P. H., Jones K. R. 1980; Simple method for demonstrating small plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid molecules in oral streptococci. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 39:1070–1073
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Marmur J. 1961; A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from microorganisms. J. Mol. Biol. 3:208–218
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Marmur J., Doty P. 1962; Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J. Mol. Biol. 5:109–118
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Mirik G. S., Thomas L., Curnen E. C., Horsfall F. L. Jr. 1944; Studies on a non-hemolytic streptococcus isolated from the respiratory tract of human beings. J. Exp. Med. 80:391407
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Moore W. E. C., Holdeman L. V., Smibert R. M., Good I. J., Burmeister J. A., Palcanis K. G., Raney R. R. 1982; Bacteriology of experimental gingivitis in young adult humans. Infect. Immun. 38:651–667
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Niven C. F., Smiley K. L., Sherman J. M. 1942; The hydrolysis of arginine by streptococci. J. Bacteriol. 43:651–660
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Ottens H., Winkler K. C. 1962; Indifferent and haemolytic streptococci possessing group-antigen F. J. Gen. Microbiol. 28:181–191
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Parker M. T., Ball L. C. 1976; Streptococci and aerococci associated with systemic infection in man. J. Med. Microbiol. 9:275–302
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Ruoff K. L., Kunz L. J. 1982; Identification of viridans streptococci isolated from clinical specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 15:920–925
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Ruoff K. L., Kunz L. J. 1983; Use of the Rapid Strep system for identification of viridans streptococcal species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 18:1138–1140
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Ruoff K. L., Kunz L. J., Ferraro M. J. 1985; Occurrence of Streptococcus milled among beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from clinical specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 22:149151
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Shlaes D. M., Lerner P. I., Wolinsky E., Gopala-krishna K. V. 1981; Infections due to Lancefield group F and related streptococci (5. milleri, S. anginosus). Medicine 60:197–207
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Smith F. R., Sherman J. M. 1938; The hemolytic streptococci of human feces. J. Infect. Dis. 62:189–192
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Tillotson G. S. 1982; An evaluation of the API-20 Strep system. J. Clin. Pathol. 35:468–472
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Welborn P. P., Hadley W. K., Newbrun E., Yajko D. M. 1983; Characterization of strains of viridans streptococci by deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization and physiologic tests. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 33:293–299
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Whittenbury R. 1964; Hydrogen peroxide formation and catalase activity in the lactic acid bacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol. 35:13–26
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-3-222
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-3-222
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error