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A newly isolated actinomycete, which was recovered from a soil sample in Japan, has been found to possess finger-shaped sporangia, motile spores, and other characteristics of members of the genus Dactylo sporangium. This organism produces dactimicin, a pseudodisaccharide antibiotic elaborated by at least one other species of Dactylosporangium, and differs significantly from the three previously described species of Dactylosporangium in its production of a wine-colored pigment, which not only occurs in vegetative mycelium but is observed as an extracellular, diffusible substance in agar medium used to cultivate the organism. On the basis of these and other differences, we propose that strains with these characteristics be designated as a new species, Dactylosporangium vinaceum. Strain SF-2127 (= IFO 14181) is the type strain.
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