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Seventeen representative strains of Rhodococcus and related taxa were analyzed for antigenic relationships by rocket Immunoelectrophoresis. A good correlation was found between data from this form of analysis and previously reported numerical phenetic and deoxyribonucleic acid reassociation data. Rhodococcus ruber and Rhodococcus erythropolis strains formed distinct clusters in a dendrogram produced by average linkage analyses for dissimilarity matrices. Rhodococcus equi, Nocardia asteroides, and an unidentified Rhodococcus strain formed single-member clusters, whereas Rhodococcus coprophilus was found to be heterogeneous. In contrast, R. erythropolis and R. ruber were found to be distinct species. The discrepancies between deoxyribonucleic acid pairing and rocket Immunoelectrophoresis results can be explained on the basis of suboptimal antigen or antiserum preparations.
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