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Standard of care for management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) is 2-4 weeks intravenous (IV) flucloxacillin or glycopeptide. Ceftriaxone (CRO) is used to facilitate management of SAB under out-patient antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) services once patients are medically stable, however published data on this approach are limited.
Retrospective review of SAB cases at Homerton Hospital: 1st August 2015 to 31st July 2018. Cases were identified from the microbiology database and clinical data retrospectively collected from electronic patient records.
83 cases of SAB were included. Median age was 56 years (IQR 45-74); 53 (63.9%) were male. 70 (84.3%) had complicated SAB, 4 (4.8%) had MRSA bacteraemia and 11/80 (13.8%) were PVL positive. After excluding patients who died or were transferred whilst on IV therapy; 8/11 (72.7%) uncomplicated SAB patients and 29/55 (52.7%) complicated SAB patients received the standard duration of IV anti-staphylococcal therapy. Median length of stay (LOS) was 32 days (IQR 16-52.5). 30-day mortality was 9.6%; in hospital mortality was 14.5%.
Eight (8/83, 9.6%) patients switched to CRO prior to completion of standard IV flucloxacillin therapy to facilitate OPAT. Median length of IV flucloxacillin in this group was 12 days (IQR 7-16). Ceftriaxone MIC was performed on 1/8 isolates (3mg/L). 7/8 had complicated SAB. Median LOS was 13 days (IQR 9-17). There were no deaths or relapsed infections. 1 patient developed C. difficileinfection on CRO.
In this cohort ceftriaxone was a safe and effective follow-on therapy from flucloxacillin for management of SAB and allowed reduced LOS.