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Volume 6, Issue 10

Environmental sampling for the detection of capripox viruses and peste des petits ruminants virus in households and livestock markets in Plateau State, Nigeria Open Access

Abstract

Multiple transboundary animal diseases (TADs) circulate in Plateau State, Nigeria, where livestock keeping is common and contributes to both the physical and socio-economic well-being of a large proportion of the population. In this study, we explored the potential for environmental sampling to detect viruses causing TADs circulating in the region. Electrostatic dust cloths were used to swab areas of the environment likely to have contact with secretions and excretions from infected animals. Samples were collected monthly from five households, one transhumance site and one livestock market in two local government areas in Plateau State between March and October 2021. These were tested for the presence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and capripox viruses using real-time PCR. Of the 458 samples collected, 2.4% ( = 11) were positive for PPRV RNA and 1.3 % ( = 6) were positive for capripox virus DNA. A capripox differentiation assay showed that these samples were positive for sheep pox virus ( = 2), goat pox virus ( = 2) and lumpy skin disease virus ( = 2). Our results demonstrate that environmental sampling could be used as part of TAD surveillance in the area. Environmental swabs require little technical knowledge to collect and can be used to detect multiple viruses from a single sample.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): disease surveillance , environmental sampling , livestock and transboundary animal disease
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government (Award SE2723)
    • Principal Award Recipient: SimonGubbins
  • Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government (Award SE2722)
    • Principal Award Recipient: SimonGubbins
  • European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (Award Fund for Applied Research 9th Call)
    • Principal Award Recipient: SimonGubbins
  • European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (Award Fund for Applied Research 8th Call)
    • Principal Award Recipient: DavidEhizibolo
© 2024 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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2024-10-18
2026-04-15

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Environmental sampling for the detection of capripox viruses and peste des petits ruminants virus in households and livestock markets in Plateau State, Nigeria
Access Microbiology 6, 000872.v3 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000872.v3
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000872.v3
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000872.v3
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