1887

Access Microbiology open research platform logo

Volume 5, Issue 5

A case series and literature review of infections due to spp.: identification of contributing factors and emerging antibiotic susceptibility trends Open Access

Abstract

Infections forby spp. can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised patients with underlying co-morbidities. Recent reports have highlighted its intrinsic and acquired drug resistance, making it a particularly challenging infectious agent to combat.

spp. isolated and reported in clinically significant urine samples were considered for the study. Identification of the organism was done via the VITEK 2C system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using both manual and automated methods following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Existing literature was searched on MEDLINE using PubMed.

We present a series of five catheter-associated urinary tract infections due to , with sensitivity to only minocycline. This is the first case from Western India, and the third case in the existing literature that shows sensitivity only to minocycline. Our literature review is the first to systematically describe contributory factors to infection, allowing us to devise a clinically relevant tool that delineates contributory factors and efficacious drugs in spp infection.

spp infections, previously considered rare and opportunistic, need cognizance and diagnostic suspicion especially in particular associated conditions.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): case report , catheter-related infections , Flavobacteriaceae infections , multiple drug resistance and Myroides
© 2023 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000549.v2
2023-05-05
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/acmi/5/5/acmi000549.v2.html?itemId=/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000549.v2&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Hugo CJ, Bruun B, Jooste PJ. The genera Empedobacter and Myroides . In Dworkin M, Falkow S, Rosenberg E, Schleifer K-H, Stackebrandt E. eds The Prokaryotes, 3rd ed. vol 7 New York: Springer; 2006 pp 630–637 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Holmes B, Snell JJ, Lapage SP. Flavobacterium odoratum: a species resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents. J Clin Pathol 1979; 32:73–77 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Davis JM, Peel MM, Gillians JA. Colonization of an amputation site by Flavobacterium odoratum after gentamicin therapy. Med J Aust 1979; 2:703–704 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Macfarlane DE, Baum-Thureen P, Crandon I. Flavobacterium odoratum ventriculitis treated with intraventricular cefotaxime. J Infect 1985; 11:233–238 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Hsueh PR, Wu JJ, Hsiue TR, Hsieh WC. Bacteremic necrotizing fasciitis due to Flavobacterium odoratum . Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21:1337–1338 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Ferrer C, Jakob E, Pastorino G, Juncos LI. Right-sided bacterial endocarditis due to Flavobacterium odoratum in a patient on chronic hemodialysis. Am J Nephrol 1995; 15:82–84 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bachman KH, Sewell DL, Strausbaugh LJ. Recurrent cellulitis and bacteremia caused by Flavobacterium odoratum . Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22:1112–1113 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Spanik S, Trupl J, Krcmery V. Nosocomial catheter-associated Flavobacterium odoratum bacteraemia in cancer patients. J Med Microbiol 1998; 47:183 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Green BT, Green K, Nolan PE. Myroides odoratus cellulitis and bacteremia: case report and review. Scand J Infect Dis 2001; 33:932–934 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Motwani B, Krezolek D, Symeonides S, Khayr W. Myroides odoratum cellulitis and bacteremia. Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 2004; 12:343–344 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Deepa R, Venkatesh KG, Parveen JD, Banu ST, Jayalakshmi G. Myroides odoratus and Chryseobacterium indologenes: two rare isolates in the immunocompromised. Indian J Med Microbiol 2014; 32:327–330 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Crum-Cianflone NF, Matson RW, Ballon-Landa G. Fatal case of necrotizing fasciitis due to Myroides odoratus . Infection 2014; 42:931–935 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Prateek S, Gupta P, Mittal G, Singh AK. Fatal case of pericardial effusion due to Myroides odoratus: a rare case report. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:DD01–2 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Lahmer T, Beitz A, Ehmer U, Schmid RM, Huber W. Septic shock due to Myroides odoratus in a medical intensive care unit patient with severe necrotising pancreatitis. Anaesth Intensive Care 2016; 44:298–299 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  15. O’Neal M, Labay CE, Harris JE, Musick WL, Cernoch PL et al. Extensively drug-resistant Myroides odoratus in critically Ill patients: a case series and literature review. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2022; 2022:1–7 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Yağci A, Cerikçioğlu N, Kaufmann ME, Malnick H, Söyletir G et al. Molecular typing of Myroides odoratimimus (Flavobacterium odoratum) urinary tract infections in a Turkish hospital. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2000; 19:731–732 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Bachmeyer C, Entressengle H, Khosrotehrani K, Goldman G, Delisle F et al. Cellulitis due to Myroides odoratimimus in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2008; 33:97–98 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Benedetti P, Rassu M, Pavan G, Sefton A, Pellizzer G. Septic shock, pneumonia, and soft tissue infection due to Myroides odoratimimus: report of a case and review of Myroides infections. Infection 2011; 39:161–165 2011 Jan 19 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Ktari S, Mnif B, Koubaa M, Mahjoubi F, Ben Jemaa M et al. Nosocomial outbreak of Myroides odoratimimus urinary tract infection in a tunisian hospital. J Hosp Infect 2012; 80:77–81 Epub 2011 Nov 17 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Maraki S, Sarchianaki E, Barbagadakis S. Myroides odoratimimus soft tissue infection in an immunocompetent child following a pig bite: case report and literature review. Braz J Infect Dis 2012; 16:390–392 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Endicott-Yazdani TR, Dhiman N, Benavides R, Spak CW. Myroides odoratimimus bacteremia in a diabetic patient. Proc 2015; 28:342–343 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Willems P, Muller J, Verhaegen J, Saegeman V, Desmet S. How to treat a fulminant erysipelas and sepsis caused by Myroides odoratimimus: case report and literature review. Acta Clin Belg 2017; 72:331–335 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Pompilio A, Galardi G, Gherardi G, Verginelli F, Geminiani C et al. Infection of recurrent calcaneal ulcer caused by a biofilm-producer Myroides odoratimimus strain. Folia Microbiol 2018; 63:203–207 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Licker M, Sorescu T, Rus M, Cirlea N, Horhat F et al. Extensively drug-resistant Myroides odoratimimus - a case series of urinary tract infections in immunocompromised patients. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:743–749 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Ahamed I, Annapandian VM, Muralidhara KD. Myroides odoratimimus urinary tract infection. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018; 29:1220 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Lorenzin G, Piccinelli G, Carlassara L, Scolari F, Caccuri F et al. Myroides odoratimimus urinary tract infection in an immunocompromised patient: an emerging multidrug-resistant micro-organism. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2018; 7:96 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Lu Y, Xia W, Zhang X, Ni F, Mei Y. A confirmed catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI) in an immunocompetent patient due to Myroides odoratimimus . Case Report and Literature Review Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:139–144 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Kutlu HH, Avcı M, Dal T, Arı O, Durmaz R. A healthcare-associated outbreak of urinary tract infections due to Myroides odoratimimus . Jpn J Infect Dis 2020; 73:421–426 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Yang S, Liu Q, Shen Z, Wang H, He L. Molecular epidemiology of Myroides odoratimimus in nosocomial catheter-related infection at a general hospital in China. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:1981–1993 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Kurt AF, Mete B, Houssein FM, Tok Y, Kuskucu MA et al. A pan-resistant Myroides odoratimimus catheter-related bacteremia in a COVID-19 patient and review of the literature. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2022 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Kim DS, Paek J, Shin JH, Kim DW, Jung MY et al. Genome sequence of Myroides injenensis M09-0166(T), isolated from clinical specimens. J Bacteriol 2012; 194:2748–2749 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  32. LaVergne S, Gaufin T, Richman D. Myroides injenensis bacteremia and severe cellulitis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz282 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Pérez-Lazo G, Morales-Moreno A, Soto-Febres F, Jove-Químper H, Morales-Castillo L et al. First report of Myroides phaeus bacteraemia identified by Polymerase chain reaction and genetic sequencing. IDCases 2020; 19:e00695 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Beharrysingh R. Myroides bacteremia: a case report and concise review. IDCases 2017; 8:34–36 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Mahendran AJ, Agrawal S, Rastogi N, Gupta N. Myroides: a rare but hard-to-crack villain in a critical care setup. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021; 25:735–736 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Beathard WA, Pickering A, Jacobs M. Myroides cellulitis and bacteremia: a case report. IDCases 2021; 24:e01061 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Faraz A, Fathima K, Kazmi SY, Al Motery AS, Ghaffar UB et al. Recurrent urinary tract infection in a renal transplant patient by pan-resistant Myroides spp. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022; 32:S34–S36 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Wang Q, Wang P, Yang Q. Occurrence and diversity of antibiotic resistance in untreated hospital wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2018; 621:990–999 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Douce RW, Zurita J, Sanchez O, Cardenas Aldaz P. Investigation of an outbreak of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection due to contaminated water. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008; 29:364–366 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Thomas M, Padmini SB, Govindan VK, Appalaraju B. Oerskovia turbata and Myroides species: rare isolates from a case of acalculus cholecystitis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2007; 25:297–298 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Ali MJ, Joseph J, Sharma S, Naik MN. Canaliculitis with isolation of Myroides species. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 33:S24–S25 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Vempuluru VS, Mitra S, Tripathy D, Mohapatra S, Rath S. Isolation of unusual bacteria in canaliculitis: a series of four cases. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2021; 35:66–70 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Gunzer F, Rudolph WW, Bunk B, Schober I, Peters S et al. Whole-genome sequencing of a large collection of Myroides odoratimimus and Myroides odoratus isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility studies. Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:61 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Xu S, Chen Y, Fu Z, Li Y, Shi G et al. New subclass B1 metallo-β-lactamase gene from a clinical pathogenic Myroides odoratus strain. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 24:909–914 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Hu S, Yuan S, Qu H, Jiang T, Zhou Y et al. Antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Myroides sp. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2016; 17:188–199 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000549.v2
Loading
A case series and literature review of infections due to Myroides spp.: identification of contributing factors and emerging antibiotic susceptibility trends
Access Microbiology 5, 000549.v2 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000549.v2
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000549.v2
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000549.v2
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error