Skip to content
1887

Abstract

Infections caused by spp. can occur in immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent individuals. Although nocardiosis is rare, it is being increasingly recognized owing to the rise in occurrence rate over the years. The documentation of pleural involvement in nocardiosis is rare in India.

We report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis in an immunocompromised individual caused by .

Pulmonary nocardiosis caused by may go unnoticed without clinical suspicion. Correct and timely identification is the key to proper patient management.

Coordination between clinicians and microbiologists is necessary for early diagnosis and appropriate management of nocardiosis.

  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000530.v5
2024-02-16
2026-03-09

Metrics

Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/acmi/6/2/acmi000530.v5.html?itemId=/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000530.v5&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Dorman SE, Guide SV, Conville PS, DeCarlo ES, Malech HL et al. Nocardia infection in chronic granulomatous disease. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35:390–394 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Nocardiosis LPI. Nocardiosis. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am 1996; 22:quiz
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Mehta HH, Shamoo Y. Pathogenic nocardia: a diverse genus of emerging pathogens or just poorly recognized?. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008280 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Brown-Elliott BA, Woods GL. Antimycobacterial susceptibility testing of nontuberculous Mycobacteria. J Clin Microbiol 2019; 57:e00834-19 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Farfour E, Leto J, Barritault M, Barberis C, Meyer J et al. Evaluation of the andromas matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system for identification of aerobically growing Gram-positive bacilli. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:2702–2707 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Kämpfer P, Falsen E, Frischmann A, Busse H-J. Dietzia aurantiaca sp. nov., isolated from a human clinical specimen. Int J 2012; 62:484–488 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Wehrhahn MC, Xiao M, Kong F, Xu YC, Chen SCA. A PCR-based intergenic spacer region-capillary gel electrophoresis typing method for identification and subtyping of Nocardia species. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:3478–3484 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Schlaberg R, Huard RC, Della-Latta P. Nocardia cyriacigeorgica, an emerging pathogen in the United States. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:265–273 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gaude GS, Hemashettar BM, Bagga AS, Chatterji R. Clinical profile of pulmonary nocardiosis. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 1999; 41:153–157 [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Tendolkar U, Deodhar L, Khatri M. Prevalence of nocardiosis and use of modified thayer martin medium. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 1994; 37:395–401 [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Tharayil John G, Shankar V, Talaulikar G, Mathews MS, Abraham Abraham M et al. Epidemiology of systemic mycoses among renal-transplant recipients in India. Transplantation 2003; 75:1544–1551 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Shivaprakash MR, Rao P, Mandal J, Biswal M, Gupta S et al. Nocardiosis in a tertiary care hospital in North India and review of patients reported from India. Mycopathologia 2007; 163:267–274 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Minero MV, Marín M, Cercenado E, Rabadán PM, Bouza E et al. Nocardiosis at the turn of the century. Medicine 2009; 88:250–261 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Knollmann FD, Hummel M, Hetzer R, Felix R. CT of heart transplant recipients: spectrum of disease. RadioGraphics 2000; 20:1637–1648 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Martínez Tomás R, Menéndez Villanueva R, Reyes Calzada S, Santos Durantez M, Vallés Tarazona JM et al. Pulmonary nocardiosis: risk factors and outcomes. Respirology 2007; 12:394–400 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Peleg AY, Husain S, Qureshi ZA, Silveira FP, Sarumi M et al. Risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcome of Nocardia infection in organ transplant recipients: a matched case-control study. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44:1307–1314 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Zeidman SM, Geisler FH, Olivi A. Intraventricular rupture of a purulent brain abscess. Neurosurgery 1995; 36:189 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Cruz-Rabadán JS, Miranda-Ríos J, Espín-Ocampo G, Méndez-Tovar LJ, Maya-Pineda HR et al. Non-coding RNAs are differentially expressed by Nocardia brasiliensis in Vitro and in experimental actinomycetoma. Open Microbiol J 2017; 11:112–125 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Li S, Song X yu, Zhao Y yue, Xu K, Bi Y lan et al. Clinical analysis of pulmonary nocardiosis in patients with autoimmune disease. Medicine 2015; 94:e1561 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Barry M, AlShehri S, Alguhani A, Barry M, Alhijji A et al. A fatal case of disseminated nocardiosis due to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: case report and literature review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2022; 21:17 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Kudru CU, Kumar A, Chawla K, Minnamreddigari C, Siddalingaiah N et al. A ten-year retrospective analysis of nocardiosis in a tertiary care center of South-coastal India. Infez Med 2021; 29:600–608 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Restrepo A, Clark NM. On behalf of the infectious diseases community of practice of the American society of transplantation. Nocardia infections in solid organ transplantation: guidelines from the infectious diseases community of practice of the American society of transplantation. Clin Transplant 2019 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Deepa R, Banu ST, Jayalakshmi G, Parveen JD. Pleuropulmonary nocardiosis due to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a debilitated host. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2016; 59:240–242 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Menéndez R, Cordero PJ, Santos M, Gobernado M, Marco V. Pulmonary infection with Nocardia species: a report of 10 cases and review. Eur Respir J 1997; 10:1542–1546 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Wilson JW. Nocardiosis: updates and clinical overview. Mayo Clin Proc 2012; 87:403–407 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Parengal J, Alebbi SM, Hamed MMM, Alqatami HM, Ben Abid F. Disseminated life threatening Nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in a young female with newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus, case report and review of literature. IDCases 2021; 26:e01265 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Fu K, White K, Ramaniuk A, Kollu V, Urbine D. Manifestations and management of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant Nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1266–1267 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Kullab S, Basamad SW, Alnwaisir M, Alhowari M, Nohuz E. Disseminated nocardiosis in a breast cancer patient caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum: a case report of tertiary centre in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e22686 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Albuni MK, Kanjo W, El Siddig Awadelkarim HA, Lutf AQA, Al Samawi MSA et al. Disseminated Nocardia otitidiscaviarum presenting as septic arthritis in a nephrotic syndrome patient on immunosuppressants. Medicine 2022; 3:e0234 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Das L, Singh AS. Nocardia brain abscess: a sinister aetiology. Postgrad Med J 2022; 98:e30 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Toyokawa M, Ohana N, Ueda A, Imai M, Tanno D et al. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Nocardia species clinically isolated in Japan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16742 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Sah R, Khadka S, Neupane S, Nepal G, Singla S et al. Disseminated infection with Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a patient under steroid therapy. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:369–373 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Liu C, Feng M, Zhu J, Tao Y, Kang M et al. Severe pneumonia due to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum identified by mass spectroscopy in a cotton farmer. Medicine 2017; 96:e6526 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Thirouvengadame S, Muthusamy S, Balaji VK, Easow JM. Unfolding of a clinically suspected case of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:DD01–DD03 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Bagali S, Mantur P. Pleural nocardiosis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:DD01–2 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Shahapur PR, Peerapur BV, Shahapur RP, Honnutagi RM, Biradar MS. Lymphocutaneous nocardiosis caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum: a case report and review of literature. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2014; 5:197–201 [View Article] [PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Chi MH, Hui RCY, Lu CF, Yang LC, Li SY. Actinomycetoma caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum: report of a case in Taiwan with long-term follow-up. Dermatologica Sinica 2013; 31:149–153 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Pelaez A, del Mar Garcia-Suarez M, Manteca A, Melon O, Aranaz C et al. A fatal case of Nocardia otitidiscaviarum pulmonary infection and brain abscess: taxonomic characterization by molecular techniques. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2009; 8:11 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Gowrinath K, Prabhu AR, Bairy I, Prakash PY, Chawla K et al. Pulmonary Nocardiosis owing to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. J Bronchol 2008; 15:113–115 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000530.v5
Loading
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000530.v5
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An error occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error