Table 1.

The bacterial species isolated from the chronic infection tissue: their pathogenicity and ability to form biofilms

Bacterial species

Pathogenicity*

Biofilm-forming ability†

s complex [31]

Opportunistic pathogen

Active biofilm formation on human cells

Opportunistic pathogen

Active biofilm formation on medical devices [34]

Opportunistic invasive pathogen [36]

Not known to produce or be involved in biofilms

.

Exceptional pathogen [37-39]

Only known for aquatic environments [41]

Emerging opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen [43-44]

Known not to produce biofilms in humans [43]

Opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen

Biofilm-forming ability on inserted devices [47]

Opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen

Biofilm-forming ability on inserted devices under certain conditions [47]

*Strains are pathogenic in wounds, as well as in other systemic infections.

tbl1fn2††Ability to form biofilm as a single species on human tissue, as well as on other environmental niches including plants.

tbl1fn3‡Different species within the same genus, namely [ ] or [ ], are known as active biofilm producers in human infections.