Legionella shakespearei sp. nov., Isolated From Cooling Tower Water

References

1. Band J. D., LaVenture M., Davis J. P., Mallison G. F., Skaliy P., Hayes P. S., Schell W. L., Weiss H., Greenberg D. J., Fraser D. W. 1981; Epidemic Legionnaires’ disease: airborne transmission down a chimney. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 245:2404–2407
   [Google Scholar]
2. Baskerville A., Fitzgeorge R. B., Broster M., Hambleton P., Dennis P. J. 1981; Experimental transmission of Legionnaires’ disease by exposure to aerosols of Legionella pneumophila. Lancet ii:1389–1390
   [Google Scholar]
3. Benson R. F., Thacker W. L., Lanser J. A., Sangster N., Mayberry W. R., Brenner D. J. 1991; Legionella adelaidensis, a new species isolated from cooling tower water. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:1004–1006
   [Google Scholar]
4. Bopp C. A., Sumner J. W., Morris G. K., Wells J. G. 1981; Isolation of Legionella spp. from environmental water samples by low-pH treatment and use of a selective medium. J. Clin. Microbiol. 13:714–719
   [Google Scholar]
5. Bornstein N., Marmet D., Surgot M., Nowicki M., Meugnier H., Fleurette J., Ageron E., Grimont F., Grimont P. A. D., Thacker W. L., Benson R. F., Brenner D. J. 1989; Legionella gratiana sp. nov. isolated from French spa water. Res. Microbiol. 140:541–552
   [Google Scholar]
6. Brenner D. J., McWhorter A. C., Leete Knutson J. K., Steigerwalt A. G. 1982; Escherichia vulneris: a new species of Enterobacteriaceae associated with human wounds. J. Clin. Microbiol. 15:1133–1140
   [Google Scholar]
7. Brenner D. J., Steigerwalt A. G., Gorman G. W., Wilkinson H. W., Bibb W. F., Hackel M., Tyndall R. L., Campbell J., Feeley J. C., Thacker W. L., Skaliy P., Martin W. T., Brake B. J., Fields B. S., McEachern H. V., Corcoran L. K. 1985; Ten new species of Legionella. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 35:50–59
   [Google Scholar]
8. Colbourne J. S., Dennis P. J. L. 1988 Legionella-, a biofilm organism in engineered water systems?. 36–42 Houghton D. R. et al.ed Biodeterioration 7: 7th International Biodeterioration Symposium Elsevier Applied Science; Barking, United Kingdom:
   [Google Scholar]
9. Dennis P. J. L., Wright A. E., Rutter D. A., Death J. E., Jones B. P. C. 1984; Legionella pneumophila in aerosols from shower baths. J. Hyg. 93:349–353
   [Google Scholar]
10. Dondero T. J., Rendtorff R. C., Mallison G. F., Weeks R. M., Levy J. S., Wong E. W., Schaffner W. 1980; An outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease associated with a contaminated air-conditioning cooling tower. New Engl. J. Med. 302:365–370
    [Google Scholar]
11. Dutka B. J., Walsh K. 1984; Incidence of Legionella organisms in selected Ontario (Canada) cities. Sci. Total Environ. 39:237–249
    [Google Scholar]
12. Fliermans C. B., Cherry W. B., Orrison L. H., Smith S. J., Tison D. L., Pope D. H. 1981; Ecological distribution of Legionella pneumophila. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 41:9–16
    [Google Scholar]
13. Kurtz J. B., Bartlett C. L. R., Newton U. A., White R. A., Jones N. L. 1982; Legionella pneumophila in cooling water systems. J. Hyg. 88:369–381
    [Google Scholar]
14. Lambert-Fair M. A., Moss C. W. 1989; Cellular fatty acid composition and isoprenoid quinone contents of 23 Legionella species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:465–473
    [Google Scholar]
15. Marmur J., Doty P. 1962; Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J. Mol. Biol. 5:109–118
    [Google Scholar]
16. Mauchline W. S., Keevil C. W. 1991; Development of the BIOLOG substrate utilization system for identification of Legionella spp. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:3345–3349
    [Google Scholar]
17. Meenhorst P. L., Reingold A. L., Gorman G. W., Feeley J. C., van Cronenburg B. J., Meyer C. L. M., van Furth R. 1983; Legionella pneumonia in guinea pigs exposed to aerosols of concentrated potable water from a hospital with nosocomial Legionnaires’ disease. J. Infect. Dis. 147:129–132
    [Google Scholar]
18. Morris G. K., Patton C. M., Feeley J. C., Johnson S. E., Gorman G., Martin W. T., Skaliy P., Mallison G. F., Politi B. D., Mackel D. C. 1979; Isolation of the Legionnaires’ disease bacterium from environmental samples. Ann. Intern. Med. 90:664–666
    [Google Scholar]
19. Saunders N. A., Doshi N., Harrison T. G. 1992; A second serogroup of Legionella erythra serologically indistinguishable from Legionella rubrilucens. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 72:262–265
    [Google Scholar]
20. Thacker W. L., Benson R. F., Hawes L., Gidding H., Dwyer B., Mayberry W. R., Brenner D. J. 1991; Legionella fairfieldensis sp. nov. isolated from cooling tower waters in Australia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:475–478
    [Google Scholar]
21. Thacker W. L., Plikaytis B. B., Wilkinson H. W. 1985; Identification of 22 Legionella species and 33 serogroups with the slide agglutination test. J. Clin. Microbiol. 21:779–782
    [Google Scholar]
22. Tison D. L., Pope D. H., Cherry W. B., Fliermans C. B. 1980; Growth of Legionella pneumophila in association with blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 39:456–459
    [Google Scholar]
23. Tobin R. S., Ewan P., Walsh K., Dutka B. 1986; A survey of Legionella pneumophila in water in 12 Canadian cities. Water Res. 20:495–501
    [Google Scholar]
24. Tyndall R. L., Domingue E. L. 1982; Co-cultivation of Legionella pneumophila and free-living amoebae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44:954–959
    [Google Scholar]
25. Wadowsky E. M., Yee R. B. 1981; Effect of non-Legionel-laceae bacteria on the multiplication of Legionella pneumophila in potable water. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 42:768–772
    [Google Scholar]
26. Wilkinson H. W. 1987 Hospital-laboratory diagnosis of Legionella infections, 2nd printing, January 1988 (revised). Centers for Disease Control; Atlanta:
    [Google Scholar]