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Volume 10, Issue 4

Ecology shapes the genomic and biosynthetic diversification of bacteria from insectivorous bats Open Access

Abstract

are prolific producers of secondary metabolites from which many clinically useful compounds have been derived. They inhabit diverse habitats but have rarely been reported in vertebrates. Here, we aim to determine to what extent the ecological source (bat host species and cave sites) influence the genomic and biosynthetic diversity of bacteria. We analysed draft genomes of 132 isolates sampled from 11 species of insectivorous bats from six cave sites in Arizona and New Mexico, USA. We delineated 55 species based on the genome-wide average nucleotide identity and core genome phylogenetic tree. isolates that colonize the same bat species or inhabit the same site exhibit greater overall genomic similarity than they do with from other bat species or sites. However, when considering biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) alone, BGC distribution is not structured by the ecological or geographical source of the that carry them. Each genome carried between 19–65 BGCs (median=42.5) and varied even among members of the same species. Nine major classes of BGCs were detected in ten of the 11 bat species and in all sites: terpene, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, polyketide synthase, siderophore, RiPP-like, butyrolactone, lanthipeptide, ectoine, melanin. Finally, genomes carry multiple hybrid BGCs consisting of signature domains from two to seven distinct BGC classes. Taken together, our results bring critical insights to understanding -bat ecology and BGC diversity that may contribute to bat health and in augmenting current efforts in natural product discovery, especially from underexplored or overlooked environments.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): bats , biosynthetic gene clusters , genome , hybrid BGC and Streptomyces
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • National Speleological Society
    • Principle Award Recipient: DianaE. Northup
  • Cave Conservancy Foundation
    • Principle Award Recipient: DianaE. Northup
  • New Mexico Department of Game and Fish
    • Principle Award Recipient: DianaE. Northup
  • U.S. Bureau of Land Management
    • Principle Award Recipient: DianaE. Northup
  • Western National Parks Association
    • Principle Award Recipient: DianaE. Northup
  • National Park Service
    • Principle Award Recipient: DianaE. Northup
  • Eppley Foundation for Research
    • Principle Award Recipient: DianaE. Northup
  • National Science Foundation (Award 2055120)
    • Principle Award Recipient: CherylP Andam
© 2024 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
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2024-04-16
2024-04-29
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Ecology shapes the genomic and biosynthetic diversification of Streptomyces bacteria from insectivorous bats
M Gen 10, 001238 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001238
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.001238
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.001238
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