- Volume 60, Issue 6, 2010
Volume 60, Issue 6, 2010
- Notification List
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Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 60, part 3, of the IJSEM
This listing of names published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles). Taxonomic opinions included in this List (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission.
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- New Taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Dactylosporangium darangshiense sp. nov., isolated from rock soil
More LessA novel actinomycete was isolated from soil of a rock surface collected from the peak of Darangshi Oreum (Small Mountain) in Jeju, Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain DLS-44T belonged to the genus Dactylosporangium, with the type strains of Dactylosporangium roseum (99.1 % sequence similarity) and Dactylosporangium fulvum (99.0 %) as the nearest phylogenetic relatives. Substrate mycelium was abundant, irregularly branched, twisted and vivid orange–yellow in colour. Aerial mycelium was not produced on most media tested. Finger-shaped sporangia and globose bodies were formed directly from the vegetative mycelium. The combination of morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics supported assignment of the actinomycete to the genus Dactylosporangium. Strain DLS-44T could be distinguished clearly from all type strains of the genus based on its physiological properties (utilization of methyl α-d-mannoside and glycerol, nitrate reduction and growth at 20 °C and pH 9.1) and some chemotaxonomic characteristics (absence of unsaturated fatty acids). DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain DLS-44T and its closest phylogenetic relatives were 12.2–14.8 % with D. roseum DSM 43916T and 2.5–3.6 % with D. fulvum IMSNU 22055T. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain DLS-44T represents a novel species of the genus Dactylosporangium, for which the name Dactylosporangium darangshiense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain DLS-44T (=KCTC 19560T =DSM 45260T).
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Chryseoglobus frigidaquae gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae
More LessA motile, rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain CW1T, was isolated from a water-cooling system in the Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Strain CW1T formed slender rods with unusual bulbous protuberances. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 1 (33.7 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (27.2 %), iso-C14 : 0 (13.3 %) and C16 : 0 (10.8 %). The cell-wall peptidoglycan was of type B2β, containing lysine as the diamino acid. The respiratory quinones were menaquinones with 12, 13 and 14 isoprene units. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CW1T formed an evolutionary lineage within the radiation enclosing members of the family Microbacteriaceae and was related to, but distant from, members of the genera Microcella and Yonghaparkia. On the basis of the evidence presented, strain CW1T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Microbacteriaceae, for which the name Chryseoglobus frigidaquae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Chryseoglobus frigidaquae is CW1T (=KCTC 13142T =JCM 14730T).
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Georgenia halophila sp. nov., a halophilic actinobacterium isolated from a salt lake
More LessA Gram-stain-positive actinobacterium, designated strain YIM 93316T, was isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang Province, north-west China, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The isolate grew at 10–45 °C, at pH 6–9 and in the presence of 1–15 % (w/v) NaCl, but no growth was observed in the absence of NaCl. The cell-wall diamino acid contained alanine, glutamine and lysine with peptidoglycan type A4α. Polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, an unknown glycolipid and an unknown phospholipid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 1. The DNA G+C content of strain YIM 93316T was 70.1 mol%. Chemotaxonomic properties supported the affiliation of strain YIM 93316T to the genus Georgenia, and this was supported by phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain YIM 93316T and Georgenia thermotolerans TT02-04T, Georgenia ruanii YIM 004T and Georgenia muralis 1A-CT were 96.6, 96.5 and 96.3 %, respectively. Data from fatty acid, physiological and biochemical tests allowed the clear phenotypic differentiation of strain YIM 93316T from recognized members of the genus Georgenia. On the basis of evidence from the present polyphasic study, strain YIM 93316T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Georgenia, for which the name Georgenia halophila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 93316T (=DSM 21365T =CCTCC AB 208144T).
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Leifsonia soli sp. nov., a yellow-pigmented actinobacterium isolated from teak rhizosphere soil
Two yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, motile, short rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from natural teak tree rhizosphere soil and their taxonomic positions were determined by using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strains TG-S248T and TG-S240 formed a distinct phyletic line within the genus Leifsonia. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain TG-S248T with sequences from Leifsonia shinshuensis DB 102T, L. poae VKM Ac-1401T, L. naganoensis DB 103T, L. aquatica DSM 20146T and L. xyli subsp. cynodontis JCM 9733T revealed pairwise similarities ranging from 98.7 to 99.1 %. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The G+C content of the DNA of the type strain was 69.4 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness (32 % or less) between strain TG-S248T and its closest relatives. Based on differences in phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain TG-S248T (=LMG 24767T =JCM 15679T) is designated the type strain of a novel species of the genus Leifsonia, for which the name Leifsonia soli sp. nov. is proposed.
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Micromonospora tulbaghiae sp. nov., isolated from the leaves of wild garlic, Tulbaghia violacea
More LessA novel actinomycete, strain TVU1T, was isolated from leaves of the indigenous South African plant Tulbaghia violacea. Applying a polyphasic approach, the isolate was identified as a member of the genus Micromonospora. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain TVU1T was most closely related to Micromonospora echinospora DSM 43816T. However, phylogenetic analysis based on gyrB gene sequences showed that strain TVU1T was most closely related to the type strains of Micromonospora aurantiaca and Micromonospora chalcea. DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain TVU1T and the type strains of M. echinospora, M. aurantiaca and M. chalcea were 7.6±4.5, 45.9±2.0 and 60.9±4.5 %, respectively. Strain TVU1T could be distinguished from the type strains of all three of these species by several physiological characteristics, such as colony colour, NaCl tolerance, growth temperature range and sole carbon source utilization pattern. Strain TVU1T (=DSM 45142T=NRRL B-24576T) therefore represents a novel species for which the name Micromonospora tulbaghiae sp. nov. is proposed.
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Nocardioides daedukensis sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from soil
More LessA Gram-positive, non-motile and rod- or coccoid-shaped bacterial strain, MDN22T, was isolated from a soil sample from Korea. Strain MDN22T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 30 °C and in the presence of 0–0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MDN22T was phylogenetically most closely related to the genera Nocardioides and Marmoricola. In the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree, strain MDN22T was most closely related to Nocardioides jensenii KCTC 9134T, with which it exhibited 98.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The strain exhibited 93.1–96.9 % and 95.3–95.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of other species of the genera Nocardioides and Marmoricola, respectively. The chemotaxonomic properties of strain MDN22T were consistent with those of the genus Nocardioides; the cell-wall peptidoglycan type was based on ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid, the predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4) and the major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 and C17 : 1. The DNA G+C content was 68.7 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness data and differential phenotypic properties suggested that strain MDN22T could be differentiated from N. jensenii and Nocardioides dubius. On the basis of the data obtained, strain MDN22T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides daedukensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is MDN22T (=KCTC 19601T=CCUG 57505T).
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Emended description of the genus Actinokineospora Hasegawa 1988 and transfer of Amycolatopsis fastidiosa Henssen et al. 1987 as Actinokineospora fastidiosa comb. nov.
More LessThe species Amycolatopsis fastidiosa (ex Celmer et al. 1977) Henssen et al. 1987 was proposed, based on morphological and chemotaxonomic observations, for a strain originally described as ‘Pseudonocardia fastidiosa’ Celmer et al. 1977 in a US patent. In the course of a phylogenetic study of the taxa with validly published names within the suborder Pseudonocardineae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, it became apparent that this species was misplaced in the genus Amycolatopsis. After careful evaluation of the phylogeny, morphology, chemotaxonomy and physiology of the type strain, it was concluded that this strain represents a species of the genus Actinokineospora that is unable to produce motile spores. The description of the genus Actinokineospora is therefore emended to accommodate species that do not produce motile spores, and it is proposed that Amycolatopsis fastidiosa be transferred to the genus Actinokineospora as Actinokineospora fastidiosa comb. nov. The type strain is NRRL B-16697T =ATCC 31181T =DSM 43855T =JCM 3276T =NBRC 14105T =VKM Ac-1419T.
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- Archaea
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Halogranum rubrum gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a marine solar saltern
Two extremely halophilic archaea, strains RO2-11T and HO2-1, were isolated from two Chinese marine solar salterns, Rudong solar saltern and Haimen solar saltern, respectively. Cells of the two strains were polymorphic and Gram-stain-negative; colonies were red-pigmented. The two strains grew at NaCl concentrations of 2.6–4.3 M (optimum 3.9 M) and required at least 0.1 M Mg2+ for growth. They were able to grow over a pH range of 6.0–8.0 and a temperature range of 20–50 °C, with optimal pH of 7.5 and optimal temperature of 37 °C. The major polar lipids of strain RO2-11T and strain HO2-1 were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester and three glycolipids, two of them chromatographically identical to S-DGD-1 and DGD-1, the third unidentified. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain RO2-11T and strain HO2-1 was 99.3 % and highest sequence similarity with the closest relative (Haloferax larsenii) was 91.4 %. Based on the data obtained, the two isolates could not be classified in any recognized genus of the family Halobacteriaceae. Strain RO2-11T and strain HO2-1 are thus considered to represent a novel species of a new genus within the family Halobacteriaceae, for which the name Halogranum rubrum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RO2-11T (=CGMCC 1.7738T =JCM 15772T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Alistipes indistinctus sp. nov. and Odoribacter laneus sp. nov., common members of the human intestinal microbiota isolated from faeces
More LessTwo anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, Gram-negative-staining bacteria, strains YIT 12060T and YIT 12061T, were isolated from human faeces. Cells of strain YIT 12060T were coccoid to rod-shaped with round ends, positive for catalase, negative for indole and oxidase production, produced succinic and acetic acids as end products of glucose metabolism in peptone/yeast extract/glucose medium and had a DNA G+C content of 55.2 mol%. The main respiratory quinones were MK-10 (40 %) and MK-11 (57 %). Fatty acid analysis demonstrated the presence of a high concentration of iso-C15 : 0 (56 %). Following 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this strain was found to be most closely related to species of the genus Alistipes, with 90.9–92.6 % gene sequence similarities to type strains of this species. Phylogenetic analysis and biochemical data supported the affiliation of strain YIT 12060T to the genus Alistipes of the family ‘Rikenellaceae’. Strain YIT 12060T therefore represents a novel species of the genus Alistipes for which the name Alistipes indistinctus sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is YIT 12060T (=DSM 22520T=JCM 16068T). Cells of the other isolate, strain YIT 12061T, were pleomorphic rods that were asaccharolytic, catalase- and oxidase-negative, positive for gelatin hydrolysis and indole production, produced small amounts of succinic, acetic and iso-valeric acids as end products of metabolism in peptone/yeast extract medium and had a DNA G+C content of approximately 42.4 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values, this strain was shown to belong to the family ‘Porphyromonadaceae’ and related to the type strains of Odoribacter splanchnicus (89.6 %) and Odoribacter denticanis (86.2 %); similarity values with strains of recognized species within the family ‘Porphyromonadaceae’ were less than 84 %. Biochemical data supported the affiliation of strain YIT 12061T to the genus Odoribacter. Strain YIT 12061T therefore represents a novel species for which the name Odoribacter laneus sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is YIT 12061T (=DSM 22474T=JCM 16069T).
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- Firmicutes And Related Organisms
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Paenibacillus hunanensis sp. nov., isolated from rice seeds
More LessFour Gram-stain-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, motile, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria, designated strains FeL05T, FeL11, Fek19 and Fek21, were isolated from seeds of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L. Jinyou 611), and their taxonomic positions were determined using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the four strains were members of the genus Paenibacillus. They showed 95.4 % sequence similarity or less with strains of other Paenibacillus species. The G+C content of strain FeL05T was found to be 53.3 mol%. Its predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 (61.7 %), C16 : 0 (10.9 %), iso-C16 : 0 (7.0 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (6.7 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (5.2 %). On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain FeL05T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus hunanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain FeL05T (=ACCC 10718T =CGMCC 1.8907T =DSM 22170T).
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Negativicoccus succinicivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human clinical samples, emended description of the family Veillonellaceae and description of Negativicutes classis nov., Selenomonadales ord. nov. and Acidaminococcaceae fam. nov. in the bacterial phylum Firmicutes
Three strains of a hitherto unknown, Gram-negative, tiny, anaerobic coccus were collected from human clinical samples originating from skin and soft tissues. The three isolates displayed at least 99.9 % identity in their 16S rRNA gene sequences and more than 99.8 % identity in their dnaK gene sequences. The isolates were affiliated to the family Veillonellaceae, the coccobacillus Dialister micraerophilus being the most closely related species, but there was no more than 91.1 % identity in the 16S rRNA gene sequence between this species and the three isolates. Phylogeny based on the 16S rRNA gene confirmed that the three strains represent a novel and robust lineage within the current family Veillonellaceae. A similar genomic structure was demonstrated for the three isolates by PFGE-based analysis. Morphology and metabolic end products, as well as genotypic and phylogenetic data supported the proposal of the novel genus Negativicoccus gen. nov., with the novel species Negativicoccus succinicivorans sp. nov. [type strain ADV 07/08/06-B-1388T (=AIP 149.07T=CIP 109806T=DSM 21255T=CCUG 56017T) as type species]. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of members of the phylum Firmicutes and other phyla indicated that the family Veillonellaceae forms a robust lineage clearly separated from those of the classes ‘Bacilli’, ‘Clostridia’, Thermolithobacteria and ‘Erysipelotrichi’ in the phylum Firmicutes. Therefore, we propose that this family is a class-level taxon in the phylum Firmicutes, for which the name Negativicutes classis nov. is proposed, based on the Gram-negative type of cell wall of its members, with the type order Selenomonadales ord. nov. In this order, a novel family, Acidaminococcaceae fam. nov., is proposed and description of the family Veillonellaceae is emended.
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Listeria marthii sp. nov., isolated from the natural environment, Finger Lakes National Forest
Four isolates (FSL S4-120T, FSL S4-696, FSL S4-710, and FSL S4-965) of Gram-positive, motile, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacilli that were phenotypically similar to species of the genus Listeria were isolated from soil, standing water and flowing water samples obtained from the natural environment in the Finger Lakes National Forest, New York, USA. The four isolates were closely related to one another and were determined to be the same species by whole genome DNA–DNA hybridization studies (>82 % relatedness at 55 °C and >76 % relatedness at 70 °C with 0.0–0.5 % divergence). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed their close phylogenetic relatedness to Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua and more distant relatedness to Listeria welshimeri, L. seeligeri, L. ivanovii and L. grayi. Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences for sigB, gap, and prs showed that these isolates form a well-supported sistergroup to L. monocytogenes. The four isolates were sufficiently different from L. monocytogenes and L. innocua by DNA–DNA hybridization to warrant their designation as a new species of the genus Listeria. The four isolates yielded positive reactions in the AccuProbe test that is purported to be specific for L. monocytogenes, did not ferment l-rhamnose, were non-haemolytic on blood agar media, and did not contain a homologue of the L. monocytogenes virulence gene island. On the basis of their phenotypic characteristics and their genotypic distinctiveness from L. monocytogenes and L. innocua, the four isolates should be classified as a new species within the genus Listeria, for which the name Listeria marthii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of L. marthii is FSL S4-120T (=ATCC BAA-1595T =BEIR NR 9579T =CCUG 56148T). L. marthii has not been associated with human or animal disease at this time.
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Jeotgalicoccus huakuii sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from seaside soil
A Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, halotolerant, coccoid bacterium, designated strain NY-2T, was isolated from a seaside soil sample from Shandong Province, China. Strain NY-2T was able to grow in the presence of 0–23 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 4.5–10.0 and 5–42 °C; optimum growth was observed with 3–8 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 6.5–8.0 and 28–37 °C. Chemotaxonomic analyses, including fatty acid profiles, menaquinones and polar lipids, supported the affiliation of strain NY-2T to the genus Jeotgalicoccus. The predominant menaquinone of strain NY-2T was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) (100 %) and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (49.0 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0 (19.6 %). Cellular polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and several unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content of strain NY-2T was 36.8 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain NY-2T formed a coherent cluster with Jeotgalicoccus marinus JSM 076033T, Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans YKJ-101T and Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus YKJ-115T. Phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA relatedness data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data indicated that strain NY-2T (=CCTCC AB 208288T =JCM 15687T) should be classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus, for which the name Jeotgalicoccus huakuii sp. nov. is proposed.
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Salsuginibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a soda lake
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, halophilic, alkalitolerant bacterium, designated halo-1T, was isolated from sediment of Xiarinaoer soda lake, located in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Strain halo-1T grew in the presence of 9–30 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 19 %) and at pH 5–10 (optimum pH 9). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The predominant cellular fatty acids of the isolate were anteiso-C15 : 0 (58.35 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (12.89 %) and C16 : 0 (6.52 %). The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, glycolipid and a phospholipid of unknown structure. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 46.4 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain halo-1T showed the highest similarity (93.9 %) to Salsuginibacillus kocurii CH9dT. Strain halo-1T could be clearly differentiated from its closest phylogenetic relative on the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. Therefore, strain halo-1T represents a novel species, for which the name Salsuginibacillus halophilus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain halo-1T (=CGMCC 1.7653T =NBRC 104934T).
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Cohnella fontinalis sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from fresh water
More LessA novel xylan-degrading bacterium, YT-1101T, was isolated from fresh water. The isolate was a Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, motile, endospore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain YT-1101T belonged to the genus Cohnella, sharing sequence similarities of less than 94 % with the type species. The genomic G+C content was 58.6 mol%. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. Major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. On the basis of morphological, physiological and phylogenetic properties, strain YT-1101T represents a novel species of the genus Cohnella, for which the name Cohnella fontinalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YT-1101T (=NBRC 104957T =DSM 21753T).
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Bacillus chungangensis sp. nov., a halophilic species isolated from sea sand
More LessThe taxonomic position of a Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, halophilic strain, designated CAU 348T, isolated from sea sand was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Colony morphology, biochemical tests and chemotaxonomic investigations revealed that strain CAU 348T had the characteristics of the genus Bacillus. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the organism formed a hitherto unknown subline within the genus Bacillus. Sequence divergence values of more than 4.3 % from other described Bacillus species, together with phenotypic differences, showed that the unidentified bacterium represents a previously unrecognized member of this genus. The genotypic and phenotypic data indicated that strain CAU 348T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus chungangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU 348T (=KCTC 13566T =CCUG 57835T).
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Sporosarcina contaminans sp. nov. and Sporosarcina thermotolerans sp. nov., two endospore-forming species
More LessThe taxonomic positions of two Gram-positive, endospore-forming rods, strains CCUG 53915T and CCUG 53480T, isolated from an industrial clean-room floor and from a human blood sample, respectively, were studied. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies revealed that both isolates clearly clustered with Sporosarcina species. Strain CCUG 53915T was most closely related to Sporosarcina koreensis and Sporosarcina soli, showing 99.4 and 99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of these species, respectively. Strain CCUG 53480T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of S. koreensis (98.7 %) and Sporosarcina saromensis (98.6 %). Strains CCUG 53915T and CCUG 53480T had peptidoglycan type A4α l-Lys–d-Glu. The quinone systems of both strains were composed predominantly of menaquinone MK-7, with small amounts of MK-8. The polar lipid profiles of both strains consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified phospholipids. The fatty acid profiles, which comprise anteiso- and iso-branched fatty acids, supported affiliation of the two isolates to the genus Sporosarcina. The results of physiological and biochemical tests and DNA–DNA hybridization data allowed a clear phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of both strains from the most closely related Sporosarcina species. For this reason, it is proposed that strains CCUG 53915T (=DSM 22204T) and CCUG 53480T (=DSM 22203T) represent two novel species in the genus Sporosarcina, with the names Sporosarcina contaminans sp. nov. and Sporosarcina thermotolerans sp. nov., respectively.
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Caldanaerobacter uzonensis sp. nov., an anaerobic, thermophilic, heterotrophic bacterium isolated from a hot spring
An anaerobic thermophilic bacterium, strain K67T, was isolated from a terrestrial hot spring of Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka Peninsula. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate belongs to the genus Caldanaerobacter, with 95 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. subterraneus SEBR 7858T, suggesting that it represents a novel species of the genus Caldanaerobacter. Strain K67T was characterized as an obligate anaerobe, a thermophile (growth at 50–75 °С; optimum 68–70 °C), a neutrophile (growth at pH25 °C 4.8–8.0; optimum pH25 °C 6.8) and an obligate organotroph (growth by fermentation of various sugars, peptides and polysaccharides). Major fermentation products were acetate, H2 and CO2; ethanol, lactate and l-alanine were formed in smaller amounts. Thiosulfate stimulated growth and was reduced to hydrogen sulfide. Nitrate, sulfate, sulfite and elemental sulfur were not reduced and did not stimulate growth. Thus, according to the strain's phylogenetic position and phenotypic novelties (lower upper limit of temperature range for growth, the ability to grow on arabinose, the inability to reduce elemental sulfur and the formation of alanine as a minor fermentation product), the novel species Caldanaerobacter uzonensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain K67T (=DSM 18923T =VKM В-2408T).
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Gracilibacillus ureilyticus sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium from a saline–alkaline soil
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, halotolerant, neutrophilic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain MF38T, was isolated from a saline–alkaline soil in China and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic characterization. The isolate grew in the presence of 0–15 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 6.5–8.5; optimum growth was observed with 3.0 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 7.0. Chemotaxonomic analysis showed menaquinone MK-7 as the predominant respiratory quinone and anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C17 : 0 and C16 : 0 as major fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.3 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of strain MF38T with type strains of described Gracilibacillus species ranged from 95.3 to 97.7 %. Strain MF38T exhibited the closest phylogenetic affinity to the type strain of Gracilibacillus dipsosauri, with 97.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The DNA–DNA reassociation between strain MF38T and G. dipsosauri DSM 11125T was 45 %. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic data, strain MF38T represents a novel species of the genus Gracilibacillus, for which the name Gracilibacillus ureilyticus sp. nov. (type strain MF38T =CGMCC 1.7727T =JCM 15711T) is proposed.
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Fervidicella metallireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium from geothermal waters
More LessA strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain AeBT, was isolated from microbial mats colonizing a run-off channel formed by free-flowing thermal water from a bore well (registered number 17263) of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia. Cells of strain AeBT were slightly curved rods (2.5–6.0×1.0 μm) that stained Gram-negative and formed spherical terminal to subterminal spores. The strain grew optimally in tryptone–yeast extract–Casamino acids medium at 50 °C (range 37–55 °C) and pH 7 (range pH 5–9). Strain AeBT grew poorly on yeast extract (0.2 %) and tryptone (0.2 %) as sole carbon sources, which were obligately required for growth on other energy sources. Growth of strain AeBT increased in the presence of various carbohydrates and amino acids, but not organic acids. End products detected from glucose fermentation were ethanol, acetate, CO2 and H2. In the presence of 0.2 % yeast extract, iron(III), manganese(IV), vanadium(V) and cobalt(III) were reduced, but not sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite, elemental sulfur, nitrate or nitrite. Iron(III) was also reduced in the presence of tryptone, peptone, Casamino acids and amyl media (Research Achievement), but not starch, xylan, chitin, glycerol, ethanol, pyruvate, benzoate, lactate, acetate, propionate, succinate, glycine, serine, lysine, threonine, arginine, glutamate, valine, leucine, histidine, alanine, aspartate, isoleucine or methionine. Growth was inhibited by chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, penicillin, ampicillin and NaCl concentrations >2 %. The DNA G+C content was 35.4±1 mol%, as determined by the thermal denaturation method. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain AeBT is a member of the family Clostridiaceae, class Clostridia, phylum ‘Firmicutes’, and is positioned approximately equidistantly between the genera Sarcina, Anaerobacter, Caloramator and Clostridium (16S rRNA gene similarity values of 87.8–90.9 %). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and physiological characteristics, strain AeBT is considered to represent a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Fervidicella metallireducens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is AeBT (=JCM 15555T=KCTC 5667T).
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Lentibacillus persicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species isolated from a saline lake
More LessA Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain Amb31T, was isolated from water of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells were rods, motile and able to produce ellipsoidal endospores at a central position in swollen sporangia. Strain Amb31T was facultatively anaerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain grew in a complex medium supplemented with 3–25 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 7.5–10 %). Optimal growth was at 30–35 °C and pH 7.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain Amb31T belonged to the genus Lentibacillus; it exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.8 and 96.4 % to Lentibacillus salicampi SF-20T and Lentibacillus salinarum AHS-1T, respectively, and values of 95.9–94.7 % to the type strains of other recognized species of Lentibacillus. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain Amb31T was based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 was the respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 (44.7 %), iso-C16 : 0 (21.4 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (15.9 %) and the polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, five phospholipids and a glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. All these features confirmed the placement of strain Amb31T within the genus Lentibacillus and the strain could be clearly differentiated from strains of the other species of Lentibacillus on the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. DNA–DNA relatedness with the type strain of the most closely related strain, L. salicampi DSM 16425T, was 28 %. Therefore, strain Amb31T represents a novel species of the genus Lentibacillus, for which the name Lentibacillus persicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Amb31T (=CCM 7683T =CECT 7524T =DSM 22530T =LMG 25304T).
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Bacillus halochares sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a solar saltern
A novel halophilic bacterium, designated strain MSS4T, was isolated from the solar salterns of Mesolongi, Greece. The micro-organism, a motile, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic rod, proliferated at salinities of 1.0–4.0 M NaCl, with optimal growth at 2.5 M NaCl. Endospores were not observed. Strain MSS4T showed optimal growth at 37 °C and pH 8.0. The G+C content of its DNA was 47.2 mol%. The polar lipid pattern of strain MSS4T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylethanolamine. It possessed anteiso-C15 : 0, C18 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as the major fatty acids (altogether representing 84.7 % of the total). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the new isolate has 96.1 % similarity to Bacillus qingdaonensis CM1T and Bacillus aidingensis 17-5T, 95.5 % to Bacillus salarius BH169T and lower similarity to other Bacillus species. These results justify the assignment of strain MSS4T to a novel species within the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus halochares sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MSS4T (=LMG 24571T =DSM 21373T).
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- Other Bacteria
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Ignavibacterium album gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic anaerobic bacterium isolated from microbial mats at a terrestrial hot spring and proposal of Ignavibacteria classis nov., for a novel lineage at the periphery of green sulfur bacteria
A moderately thermophilic chemoheterotrophic bacterium, strain Mat9-16T, was isolated from microbial mats developed in hot spring water streams from Yumata, Nagano, Japan. Cells of strain Mat9-16T were strictly anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-sporulating, non-motile and short to long rods (2.0–15.5 μm in length). Strain Mat9-16T grew fermentatively with optimum growth at 45 °C, pH 7.0–7.5 and 1 % NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed that strain Mat9-16T was affiliated with an uncultivated lineage, and the nearest cultivated neighbours were green sulfur bacteria belonging to the class Chlorobea with 77–83 % sequence similarity. However, strain Mat9-16T could not grow phototrophically and did not possess light-harvesting structures, morphologically and genetically, such as the chlorosomes of green sulfur bacteria. On the basis of phenotypic features and phylogenetic position, a novel genus and species are proposed for strain Mat9-16T, to be named Ignavibacterium album gen. nov., sp. nov. (=NBRC 101810T =DSM 19864T). We also propose to place the cultivated bacterial lineage accommodating the sole representative Mat9-16T in a novel class, Ignavibacteria classis nov. In addition, we present a formal description of the phylum-level taxon ‘Chlorobi’ as Chlorobi phyl. nov.
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- Proteobacteria
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Serratia glossinae sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis
More LessWe report the isolation of a novel bacterium, strain C1T, from the midgut of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis, one of the vector insects responsible for transmission of the trypanosomes that cause sleeping sickness in sub-Saharan African countries. Strain C1T is a motile, facultatively anaerobic, rod-like bacterium (0.8–1.0 μm in diameter; 2–6 μm long) that grows as single cells or in chains. Optimum growth occurred at 25–35 °C, at pH 6.7–8.4 and in medium containing 5–20 g NaCl l−1. The bacterium hydrolysed urea and used l-lysine, l-ornithine, citrate, pyruvate, d-glucose, d-mannitol, inositol, d-sorbitol, melibiose, amygdalin, l-arabinose, arbutin, aesculin, d-fructose, d-galactose, glycerol, maltose, d-mannose, raffinose, trehalose and d-xylose; it produced acetoin, reduced nitrate to nitrite and was positive for β-galactosidase and catalase. The DNA G+C content was 53.6 mol%. It was related phylogenetically to members of the genus Serratia, family Enterobacteriaceae, the type strain of Serratia fonticola being its closest relative (99 % similarity between 16S rRNA gene sequences). However, DNA–DNA relatedness between strain C1T and S. fonticola DSM 4576T was only 37.15 %. Therefore, on the basis of morphological, nutritional, physiological and fatty acid analysis and genetic criteria, strain C1T is proposed to be assigned to a novel Serratia species, Serratia glossinae sp. nov. (type strain C1T =DSM 22080T =CCUG 57457T).
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Roseovarius nanhaiticus sp. nov., a member of the Roseobacter clade isolated from marine sediment
An aerobic, Gram-staining-negative, rod or ovoid-shaped bacterial isolate, strain NH52JT, was isolated from a sandy sediment sample from the South China Sea. Strain NH52JT exhibited tumbling motility, formed beige or faint pink colonies, gave a positive reaction in tests for catalase and oxidase and required NaCl for growth. Optimal growth was observed at pH 7.8–9.3, at 30 °C and in the presence of 2.0–4.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The novel strain did not synthesize bacteriochlorophyll a, and the DNA G+C content was 62 %. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω7c 11-methyl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NH52JT was affiliated to the genus Roseovarius of the class Alphaproteobacteria. Roseovarius pacificus and Roseovarius aestuarii were the most closely related recognized species to strain NH52JT with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 95.0 and 95.7 %, respectively. Sequence similarity values between strain NH52JT and other phylogenetically related species were all below 95.0 %. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented, strain NH52JT is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Roseovarius, for which the name Roseovarius nanhaiticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NH52JT (=LMG 24840T=CCTCC AB 208317T=MCCC 1A03543T).
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Litoricola marina sp. nov.
More LessA Gram-negative, non-pigmented, non-motile, chemoheterotrophic marine bacterium, designated strain IMCC2782T, was isolated from a surface seawater sample of the Yellow Sea, Korea. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and phenotypic and genotypic characterization, strain IMCC2782T is shown to represent a novel species of the genus Litoricola. Strain IMCC2782T grew at 15–37 °C and tolerated 7.5 % NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain IMCC2782T was related most closely to the type strain of Litoricola lipolytica (97.1 % similarity) but showed less than 90 % similarity to the type strains of other bacterial species. The predominant fatty acids were mono-unsaturated C18 : 1 and C16 : 1. The G+C content of the DNA of strain IMCC2782T was 59.6 mol%. A low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (28.1 %) together with several phenotypic characteristics, including enzyme activities, served to differentiate strain IMCC2782T from the type strain of L. lipolytica. Therefore, strain IMCC2782T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Litoricola, for which the name Litoricola marina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IMCC2782T (=KCTC 22683T =NBRC 105824T).
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Limnohabitans curvus gen. nov., sp. nov., a planktonic bacterium isolated from a freshwater lake
More LessA chemo-organotrophic, aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile strain, MWH-C5T, isolated from the water column of the oligomesotrophic Lake Mondsee (Austria), was characterized phenotypically, phylogenetically and chemotaxonomically. The predominant fatty acids of the strain were C16 : 1 ω7c/ω6c, C16 : 0, C12 : 1 and C8 : 0-3OH, the major quinone was ubiquinone Q-8 and the G+C content of the DNA of the strain was 55.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene similarity to the closest related type strains was 96.6 % (Curvibacter delicatus LMG 4328T) and 95.7 % (Rhodoferax fermentans FR3T). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the affiliation of the strain with the family Comamonadaceae (Betaproteobacteria); however, the phylogenetic position of the strain did not support an affiliation to any previously described genus within this family. A family-wide comparison of traits revealed that the strain possesses a unique combination of DNA G+C content, major fatty acids and major 3-hydroxy fatty acid. Furthermore, the strain differs in several traits from the closest related genera. Based on the phylogeny of the strain and differences from closely related genera, we propose to establish the new genus and species Limnohabitans curvus gen. nov., sp. nov. to accommodate this strain. The type strain of Limnohabitans curvus is MWH-C5T (=DSM 21645T =CCUG 56720T). The type strain is closely related to a large number of uncultured bacteria detected by cultivation-independent methods in various freshwater systems.
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Rhizobium soli sp. nov., isolated from soil
More LessA Gram-negative, non-motile, pale-yellow, rod-shaped bacterial strain, DS-42T, was isolated from a soil in Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic study. Strain DS-42T grew optimally at 25 °C and pH 7.0–8.0. Strain DS-42T did not form nodules on three different legumes, and the nodD and nifH genes were also not detected by PCR. Strain DS-42T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone. The major cellular fatty acid was C18 : 1 ω7c. The DNA G+C content was 60.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, atpD and recA gene sequences showed that strain DS-42T belonged to the genus Rhizobium. Strain DS-42T showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 94.1–97.7 % to the type strains of recognized Rhizobium species. DNA–DNA relatedness between strain DS-42T and the type strains of Rhizobium huautlense, R. galegae, R. loessense and R. cellulosilyticum was 13–19 %, indicating that strain DS-42T was distinct from them genetically. Strain DS-42T can also be differentiated from these four phylogenetically related Rhizobium species by various phenotypic properties. On the basis of phenotypic properties, phylogenetic distinctiveness and genetic data, strain DS-42T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobium, for which the name Rhizobium soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS-42T (=KCTC 12873T =JCM 14591T).
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Parapusillimonas granuli gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from granules from a wastewater-treatment bioreactor
More LessA novel betaproteobacterium, designated strain Ch07T, was isolated from granules from the wastewater-treatment bioreactor of an alcohol fermentation factory in South Korea. In order to determine its taxonomic position, the novel strain was characterized using a polyphasic approach. The new strain was Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, motile and short rod-shaped. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain Ch07T belonged to the class Betaproteobacteria, being related to Pusillimonas noertemannii BN9T (gene sequence similarity 97.30 %), Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans DSM 10346T (97.09 %), Bordetella pertussis DSM 5571T (97.01 %), Pigmentiphaga kullae DSM 13608T (96.68 %) and Castellaniella defragrans DSM 1214T (96.47 %). The results of DNA–DNA hybridization tests showed that reassociation values were less than 62 % with respect to these closely related type strains. Chemotaxonomic data showed that strain Ch07T possessed ubiquinone Q-8. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67.9±0.1 mol%. The major polyamine of strain Ch07T was putrescine. The major polar lipids of strain Ch07T were phosphatidylethanolamine, followed by diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. When strain Ch07T was incubated on tryptic soy agar, the major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/iso C15 : 0 2-OH) and summed feature 5 (C18 : 1 ω7c/ω9t/ω12t). The results of DNA–DNA hybridizations, in combination with the chemotaxonomic and physiological data, demonstrated that strain Ch07T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Parapusillimonas granuli gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is Ch07T (=KCTC 12668T=LMG 24012T).
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Erythrobacter gangjinensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from seawater
More LessA novel Gram-negative, aerobic, orange-pigmented bacterial strain, designated K7-2T, was isolated from seawater of Gangjin Bay, Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain K7-2T contained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and did not produce bacteriochlorophyll a. Major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c (51.4 %), iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c (15.0 %) and C17 : 1 ω6c (8.8 %). Major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G+C content was 61.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain K7-2T formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the cluster comprising Erythrobacter strains. Similarities between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain K7-2T and the type strains of Erythrobacter species ranged from 95.0 % (Erythrobacter litoralis DSM 8509T) to 96.8 % (Erythrobacter citreus RE35F/1T). On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, strain K7-2T (=KCTC 22330T=JCM 15420T) is classified in a novel species within the genus Erythrobacter, for which the name Erythrobacter gangjinensis sp. nov. is proposed.
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Reclassification of Herbaspirillum putei as a later heterotypic synonym of Herbaspirillum huttiense, with the description of H. huttiense subsp. huttiense subsp. nov. and H. huttiense subsp. putei subsp. nov., comb. nov., and description of Herbaspirillum aquaticum sp. nov.
More LessResequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of the type strain of Herbaspirillum putei Ding and Yokota 2004 revealed 99.9 % sequence similarity to that of the type strain of Herbaspirillum huttiense (Leifson 1962) Ding and Yokota 2004. This high phylogenetic relatedness of H. putei and H. huttiense was confirmed by the results of DNA–DNA hybridization between H. huttiense DSM 10281T and H. putei ATCC BAA-806T (reassociation value 96 %). Therefore, it is proposed to reclassify the type strain of H. putei as a strain of H. huttiense. However, the genome of the type strain of H. putei is about 0.9 Mb larger than that of the H. huttiense type strain. This results in a decrease in the reassociation value in the reciprocal DNA–DNA hybridization to 72 %, a level slightly above the threshold for delineating bacterial species. These data and distinctive phenotypic characteristics indicate that the name Herbaspirillum putei is a later heterotypic synonym of Herbaspirillum huttiense and permit the description of two novel subspecies, Herbaspirillum huttiense subsp. huttiense subsp. nov. (type strain ATCC 14670T =JCM 21423T =DSM 10281T) and Herbaspirillum huttiense subsp. putei subsp. nov., comb. nov. (type strain 7-2T =JCM 21495T =ATCC BAA-806T). Three bacterial strains, IEH 4430T, IEH 4515 and IEH 8757, isolated from water were found to be the closest relatives of these strains. Strain IEH 8757 was classified as a strain of H. huttiense subsp. putei. Studies of genotypic and phenotypic features of strains IEH 4430T and IEH 4515 showed that the strains represent a novel species, which is most closely related to H. huttiense and for which the name Herbaspirillum aquaticum sp. nov. is proposed (type strain IEH 4430T =DSM 21191T =ATCC BAA-1628T).
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Pseudofulvimonas gallinarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Xanthomonadaceae
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming bacterium (Sa15T) was isolated from the air in a duck barn. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, the organism was grouped into the class gammaproteobacteria in the neighbourhood of the genus Fulvimonas. The quinone system consisted exclusively of ubiquinone Q-8. The polar lipid profile was mainly composed of the major lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, and moderate amounts of phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified lipid. This profile was substantially different from that of Fulvimonas soli LMG 19981T examined concurrently. The polyamine pattern showed the predominant amine spermidine. Major fatty acids (iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1 ω9c and iso-C17 : 0) were in agreement with its phylogenetic affiliation in the vicinity of Fulvimonas; however, differences in the polar lipid and fatty acid patterns and the polyamine profiles could be observed as well. On the basis of DNA–DNA pairing results, chemotaxonomic data and physiological and biochemical data, the strain can be clearly differentiated from Fulvimonas soli. It is evident that this organism represents a novel genus, for which the name Pseudofulvimonas gallinarii gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain Sa15T (=DSM 21944T =CCM 7599T).
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Tistlia consotensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, free-living, nitrogen-fixing alphaproteobacterium, isolated from a Colombian saline spring
More LessA Gram-negative, aerobic, mesophilic, non-spore-forming, chemotrophic, chlorophyll-lacking, nitrogen-fixing bacterium, designated strain USBA 355T, was isolated from the saline spring ‘Salado de Consotá’ situated in the Colombian Andes. The non-flagellated cells of strain USBA 355T were straight to slightly curved rods (0.6–0.7 × 3.0–3.5 μm). Growth occurred optimally at 30 °C (growth temperature range between 20 and 40 °C), at pH 6.5–6.7 (pH growth range between 5.0 and 8.0) and at 0.5 % NaCl (w/v) (range between 0 and 4 %). The major quinone present was Q-10 and the predominant fatty acids identified were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, C18 : 1 ω7c and C18 : 0. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 71±1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain USBA 355T formed a distant phylogenetic line of descent with members of the genus Thalassobaculum, family Rhodospirillaceae, class Alphaproteobacteria (90 % gene sequence similarity). Comparison of the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological features of strain USBA 355T with all other members of the family Rhodospirillaceae suggested that it represents a novel genus and species for which the name Tistlia consotensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is USBA 355T (=JCM 15529T=KCTC 22406T).
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Deefgea chitinilytica sp. nov., isolated from a wetland
More LessA bacterial strain, designated Nsw-4T, was isolated from a water sample of Niao-Song Wetland Park in Taiwan and was characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Strain Nsw-4T was Gram-negative, aerobic, ivory-coloured, rod-shaped and motile by means of a polar flagellum. Growth occurred at 15–37 °C, pH 6.0–8.0 and 0–2 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belonged to the genus Deefgea and that its closest neighbour was Deefgea rivuli WB 3.4-79T (96.9 %). The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed the clear phenotypic differentiation of this isolate from D. rivuli WB 3.4-79T. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 53.7 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strain Nsw-4T should be classified as representing a novel species and the second member of the genus Deefgea, for which the name Deefgea chitinilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Nsw-4T (=BCRC 17934T=LMG 24817T).
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- Eukaryotic Micro-Organisms
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Yeasts isolated from a fungus-growing ant nest, including the description of Trichosporon chiarellii sp. nov., an anamorphic basidiomycetous yeast
Thirty-nine yeast strains were recovered from a field nest of a primitive and putative novel attine ant species in the genus Myrmicocrypta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: tribe Attini). Yeasts isolated from the fungus garden and waste deposit included Candida dubliniensis, Candida oleophila, Cryptococcus haglerorum and Hanseniaspora uvarum. In addition, one morphological type was isolated overwhelmingly. Sequencing data of partial large-subunit (LSU) rDNA and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region coupled with morphological and physiological characterization accommodated this morphotype in a separate taxonomic position in relation to the known species of Trichosporon (Basidiomycota: Trichosporonales). Here, we propose a novel yeast species named Trichosporon chiarellii sp. nov. based on the description of 34 isolates; the type strain is strain FCP 540806T (=CBS 11177T).
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Candida halmiae sp. nov., Geotrichum ghanense sp. nov. and Candida awuaii sp. nov., isolated from Ghanaian cocoa fermentations
More LessDuring an investigation of the microbiology of Ghanaian cocoa fermentations, a number of yeast isolates with unusual pheno- and genotypic properties representing three possible novel species were isolated. Members of Group A divided by multilateral budding and ascospores were not produced. Group B strains produced true hyphae and ascospores were not produced. Group C representatives divided by budding and formed chains and star-like aggregates. Ascospores were not produced. Sequence analysis of the 26S rRNA gene (D1/D2 region) revealed that the Group A isolates were phylogenetically most closely related to Saturnispora mendoncae (gene sequence similarity 92.4 %), Saturnispora besseyi (88.8 %), Saturnispora saitoi (88.8 %) and Saturnispora ahearnii (88.3 %). Members of Group B were most closely related to representatives of the genera Dipodascus and Galactomyces and the asporogenous genus Geotrichum, but in all cases with 26S rRNA gene (D1/D2 region) similarities below 87 %. For Group C, the most closely related species were Candida rugopelliculosa (92.4 %), Pichia occidentalis (91.6 %) and Pichia exigua (91.9 %). The very low gene sequence similarities obtained for the three groups of isolates clearly indicated that they represented novel species. Repetitive Palindromic PCR (Rep-PCR) of the isolates and their closest phylogenetic relatives confirmed that the new isolates belonged to previously undescribed species. In conclusion, based on the genetic and phenotypic results, the new isolates were considered to represent three novel species, for which the names Candida halmiae (group A, type strain G3T=CBS 11009T=CCUG 56721T); Geotrichum ghanense (group B, type strain G6T=CBS 11010T=CCUG 56722T) and Candida awuaii (group C, type strain G15T=CBS 11011T=CCUG 56723T) are proposed.
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Dioszegia antarctica sp. nov. and Dioszegia cryoxerica sp. nov., psychrophilic basidiomycetous yeasts from polar desert soils in Antarctica
More LessDuring a survey of the culturable soil fungal population in samples collected in Taylor Valley, South Victoria Land, Antarctica, 13 basidiomycetous yeast strains with orange-coloured colonies were isolated. Phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial LSU rRNA gene sequences showed that the strains belong to the Dioszegia clade of the Tremellales (Tremellomycetes, Agaricomycotina), but did not correspond to any of the hitherto recognized species. Two novel species, Dioszegia antarctica sp. nov. (type strain ANT-03-116T =CBS 10920T =PYCC 5970T) and Dioszegia cryoxerica sp. nov. (type strain ANT-03-071T =CBS 10919T =PYCC 5967T), are described to accommodate ten and three of these strains, respectively. Analysis of ITS sequences demonstrated intrastrain sequence heterogeneity in D. cryoxerica. The latter species is also notable for producing true hyphae with clamp connections and haustoria. However, no sexual structures were observed. The two novel species can be considered obligate psychrophiles, since they failed to grow above 20 °C and grew best between 10 and 15 °C.
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Kazachstania taianensis sp. nov., a novel ascomycetous yeast species from orchard soil
More LessThree teleomorphic ascomycetous yeast isolates (TA11TR-1T, TA11TR-4 and TA11TR-6) from orchard soil from Tai'an, Shandong province, China, were shown to represent a novel species within the genus Kazachstania based on phenotypic characterization and sequence analyses of the 18S rRNA gene, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and 26S rDNA gene D1/D2 domain. The name Kazachstania taianensis sp. nov. (type strain TA11TR-1T =AS 2.4160T =CBS 11405T) is proposed. K. taianensis sp. nov. clustered in a branch together with Kazachstania sinensis, Kazachstania naganishii and the Kazachstania telluris complex with moderate bootstrap support in the neighbour-joining tree reconstructed from combined 18S and D1/D2 sequences. The novel species possessed unusual ITS 1 (338 bp) and ITS 2 (488 bp) sequences. The total length of the ITS–5.8S rDNA gene region of the species was 983 bp, being much longer than those of other ascomycetous yeast species described so far.
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
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Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
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Volume 70 (2020)
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Volume 69 (2019)
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Volume 68 (2018)
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Volume 67 (2017)
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Volume 66 (2016)
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Volume 65 (2015)
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Volume 64 (2014)
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Volume 63 (2013)
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Volume 62 (2012)
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Volume 61 (2011)
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Volume 60 (2010)
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Volume 59 (2009)
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Volume 58 (2008)
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Volume 57 (2007)
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Volume 56 (2006)
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Volume 55 (2005)
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Volume 54 (2004)
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Volume 53 (2003)
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Volume 52 (2002)
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Volume 51 (2001)
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Volume 50 (2000)
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Volume 49 (1999)
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Volume 48 (1998)
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Volume 47 (1997)
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Volume 46 (1996)
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Volume 45 (1995)
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Volume 44 (1994)
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Volume 43 (1993)
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Volume 42 (1992)
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Volume 41 (1991)
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Volume 40 (1990)
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Volume 39 (1989)
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Volume 38 (1988)
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Volume 37 (1987)
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Volume 36 (1986)
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Volume 35 (1985)
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Volume 34 (1984)
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Volume 33 (1983)
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Volume 32 (1982)
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Volume 31 (1981)
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Volume 30 (1980)
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Volume 29 (1979)
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Volume 28 (1978)
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Volume 27 (1977)
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Volume 26 (1976)
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Volume 25 (1975)
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Volume 24 (1974)
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Volume 23 (1973)
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Volume 22 (1972)
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Volume 21 (1971)
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Volume 20 (1970)
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Volume 19 (1969)
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Volume 18 (1968)
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Volume 17 (1967)
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Volume 16 (1966)
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Volume 15 (1965)
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Volume 14 (1964)
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Volume 13 (1963)
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Volume 12 (1962)
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Volume 11 (1961)
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Volume 10 (1960)
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Volume 9 (1959)
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Volume 8 (1958)
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Volume 7 (1957)
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Volume 6 (1956)
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Volume 5 (1955)
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Volume 4 (1954)
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Volume 3 (1953)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)