- Volume 56, Issue 10, 2006
Volume 56, Issue 10, 2006
- Notification List
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Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 56, part 7, of the IJSEM
This listing of names published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles). Taxonomic opinions included in this List (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission.
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- New Taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Gordonia defluvii sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from activated sludge foam
More LessThree strains of non-motile, Gram-positive, filamentous actinomycetes, isolates J4T, J5 and J59, initially recognized microscopically in activated sludge foam by their distinctive branching patterns, were isolated by micromanipulation. The taxonomic positions of the isolates were determined using a polyphasic approach. Almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences of the isolates were aligned with corresponding sequences of representatives of the suborder Corynebacterineae and phylogenetic trees were inferred using three tree-making algorithms. The organisms formed a distinct phyletic line in the Gordonia 16S rRNA gene tree. The three isolates showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities within the range 96.9–97.2 % with their nearest phylogenetic neighbours, namely Gordonia bronchialis DSM 43247T and Gordonia terrae DSM 43249T. Strain J4T was shown to have a chemotaxonomic profile typical of the genus Gordonia and was readily distinguished from representatives of the genus on the basis of Curie-point pyrolysis mass spectrometric data. The isolates shared nearly identical phenotypic profiles that distinguished them from representatives of the most closely related Gordonia species. It is evident from the genotypic and phenotypic data that the three isolates belong to a novel Gordonia species. The name proposed for this taxon is Gordonia defluvii sp. nov.; the type strain is J4T (=DSM 44981T=NCIMB 14149T).
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Geodermatophilaceae fam. nov., a formal description
More LessThe family name ‘Geodermatophilaceae’ was first published by Normand et al. (1996) to contain the genera Geodermatophilus and Blastococcus, but a formal description and the designation of the type genus were not included, thus making the name invalid. Since then, the genus Modestobacter has been described as a member of the family ‘Geodermatophilaceae’ by Mevs et al. (2000) . We hereby formally describe the family ‘Geodermatophilaceae’ which includes the recently described genus Modestobacter. The type genus of the family is Geodermatophilus.
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Isolates of ‘Candidatus Nostocoida limicola’ Blackall et al. 2000 should be described as three novel species of the genus Tetrasphaera, as Tetrasphaera jenkinsii sp. nov., Tetrasphaera vanveenii sp. nov. and Tetrasphaera veronensis sp. nov.
Despite differences in their morphologies, comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed high levels of similarity (>94 %) between strains of the filamentous bacterium ‘Candidatus Nostocoida limicola’ and the cocci Tetrasphaera australiensis and Tetrasphaera japonica and the rod Tetrasphaera elongata, all isolated from activated sludge. These sequence data and their chemotaxonomic characters, including cell wall, menaquinone and lipid compositions and fingerprints of their 16S–23S rRNA intergenic regions, support the proposition that these isolates should be combined into a single genus containing six species, in the family Intrasporangiaceae in the Actinobacteria. This suggestion receives additional support from DNA–DNA hybridization data and when partial sequences of the rpoC1 gene are compared between these strains. Even though few phenotypic characterization data were obtained for these slowly growing isolates, it is proposed, on the basis of the extensive chemotaxonomic and molecular evidence presented here, that ‘Candidatus N. limicola’ strains Ben 17, Ben 18, Ben 67, Ben 68 and Ben 74 all be placed into the species Tetrasphaera jenkinsii sp. nov. (type strain Ben 74T=DSM 17519T=NCIMB 14128T), ‘Candidatus N. limicola’ strain Ben 70 into Tetrasphaera vanveenii sp. nov. (type strain Ben 70T=DSM 17518T=NCIMB 14127T) and ‘Candidatus N. limicola’ strains Ver 1 and Ver 2 into Tetrasphaera veronensis sp. nov. (type strain Ver 1T=DSM 17520T=NCIMB 14129T).
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Amycolatopsis australiensis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from arid soils
More LessThe taxonomic position of a group of mesophilic actinomycetes isolated from arid Australian soils was determined using a polyphasic approach. The organisms shared chemical and morphological markers typical of members of the genus Amycolatopsis. They had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and formed a distinct phyletic line in the Amycolatopsis mediterranei clade, being most closely related to A. mediterranei. In addition, they shared a range of phenotypic properties that distinguished them from representatives of all of the species classified in this clade. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data indicate that the strains merit species status within the genus Amycolatopsis. The name proposed for the novel species is Amycolatopsis australiensis sp. nov.; the type strain is GY048T (=DSM 44671T=NCIMB 14142T).
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Dermacoccus barathri sp. nov. and Dermacoccus profundi sp. nov., novel actinomycetes isolated from deep-sea mud of the Mariana Trench
More LessThe taxonomic positions of two actinobacterial strains isolated from Mariana Trench sediment were established using a combination of genotypic and phenotypic data. The strains, isolates MT2.1T and MT2.2T, formed a distinct phyletic line in the Micrococcineae 16S rRNA gene tree together with Dermacoccus abyssi NCIMB 14084T. The isolates had chemical and phenotypic properties typical of members of the genus Dermacoccus and could be distinguished sharply from one another and from the type strains of Dermacoccus abyssi and Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis using DNA–DNA relatedness data. A range of phenotypic properties served to distinguish the two novel strains from one another and from the type strains of established Dermacoccus species. The G+C contents of the DNAs of strains MT2.1T and MT2.2T were 66.8 and 69.1 mol%, respectively. It is evident that the two isolates merit recognition as novel species within the genus Dermacoccus. The names proposed for these taxa are Dermacoccus barathri sp. nov. (type strain MT2.1T=DSM 17574T=NCIMB 14081T) and Dermacoccus profundi sp. nov. (type strain MT2.2T=DSM 17575T=NCIMB 14084T).
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Actinoalloteichus hymeniacidonis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve
More LessA polyphasic study was undertaken to establish the taxonomic status of a Gram-positive, aerobic actinomycete, strain HPA177T, isolated from a marine sponge, Hymeniacidon perleve. The organism formed branching, non-fragmenting vegetative hyphae and produced black pigment. Chemotaxonomic characteristics were consistent with its assignment to the genus Actinoalloteichus. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain HPA177T formed a robust clade with type strains of the genus Actinoalloteichus, but was distinct from them. A number of phenotypic characteristics also readily distinguished strain HPA177T from species of the genus Actinoalloteichus with validly published names. On the basis of the above data, it is proposed that strain HPA177T represents a novel species, Actinoalloteichus hymeniacidonis sp. nov. The type strain of Actinoalloteichus hymeniacidonis is HPA177T (=CGMCC 4.2500T=JCM 13436T).
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Microcella alkaliphila sp. nov., a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae isolated from a non-saline alkaline groundwater, and emended description of the genus Microcella
More LessA high-G+C-content Gram-positive bacterium, designated as strain AC4rT, was isolated from a highly alkaline, non-saline groundwater environment (pH 11.4). This organism formed small rod-shaped cells, was aerobic, heterotrophic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative and had an optimum growth temperature of 35 °C and an optimum pH of 9.5. The strain possessed a B2β-type cell-wall peptidoglycan, with d-Orn as the diagnostic diamino acid. The major respiratory quinones were unsaturated menaquinones with 13 and 14 isoprene units. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-15 : 0, iso-16 : 0, iso-14 : 0 and iso-15 : 0. The G+C content of the DNA was 67.1 mol%. In a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain AC4rT showed the highest level of similarity (99.2 %) to the type strain of Microcella putealis; however, the DNA–DNA reassociation value between these two organisms was low (38.3 %). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, the DNA–DNA reassociation value and distinct phenotypic characteristics, strain AC4rT represents a novel species within the genus Microcella, for which the name Microcella alkaliphila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AC4rT (=LMG 22690T=CIP 108473T).
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Plantibacter auratus sp. nov., in the family Microbacteriaceae
More LessStrain NCIMB 9991T is a Gram-positive, short rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented bacterium, with a high DNA G+C content, and was originally deposited in 1967 as Arthrobacter sp. The bacterium is aerobic, non-motile, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that this strain was highly related genealogically to Plantibacter flavus DSM 14012T. Strain IAM 14817T (=NCIMB 9991T) has the following characteristics: the predominant menaquinones are MK-9 and MK-10, the DNA G+C content is 68 mol%, the diamino acid in the cell wall is 2,4-l-diaminobutyric acid and the muramic acid in the peptidoglycan is of an acetyl type. The major fatty acid is 12-methyl tetradecanoic acid (anteiso-C15 : 0), followed by 14-methyl hexadecanoic acid (anteiso-C17 : 0), 14-methyl pentadecanoic acid (iso-C16 : 0) and hexadecanoic acid (C16 : 0). On the basis of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, together with DNA–DNA hybridization and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, strain IAM 14817T represents a novel species within the genus Plantibacter, for which the name Plantibacter auratus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain IAM 14817T (=NCIMB 9991T=NBRC 15702T).
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Phycicoccus jejuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from seaweed
More LessA marine actinomycete strain, designated KSW2-15T, was isolated from a dried seaweed sample collected from a sandy beach on the coast of Jeju in the Republic of Korea. The organism produced non-motile, non-endospore-forming, Gram-positive, coccoid cells. The colonies were circular, translucent and yellow in colour with entire margins. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was present as the diamino acid of the peptidoglycan. The acyl type of the muramic acid was acetyl. Mycolic acids were not present. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The major cellular fatty acids were of the saturated, unsaturated and iso-branched methyl types. The DNA G+C content was 74 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KSW2-15T formed a loose association with ‘Candidatus Nostocoida limicola’, within the radiation of the family Intrasporangiaceae of the suborder Micrococcineae. The organism showed the highest levels of sequence similarity with ‘Candidatus Nostocoida limicola’ (96.1 %), Terrabacter tumescens (96.1 %) and Terrabacter terrae (96.0 %). The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the isolate and members of other genera of the family Intrasporangiaceae were in the range 92.1–95.5 %. On the basis of the polyphasic evidence, the isolate should be classified within a novel genus and species, for which the name Phycicoccus jejuensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Phycicoccus jejuensis is strain KSW2-15T (=KCCM 42315T=NRRL B-24460T).
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Micromonospora coriariae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Coriaria myrtifolia
An actinomycete strain, NAR01T, was isolated from root nodules of a Coriaria plant. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NAR01T showed most similarity to the type strains of Micromonospora endolithica (98.94 %) and Micromonospora chersina (98.4 %). The chemotaxonomic results obtained confirmed the taxonomic position of the isolate within the genus Micromonospora, and revealed differences at the species level. Physiological and biochemical tests showed that strain NAR01T could be clearly distinguished from its closest phylogenetic neighbours, while DNA–DNA hybridization results indicated that the isolate represents a novel species. On the basis of these results, strain NAR01T (=DSM 44875T=LMG 23557T) is proposed as the type strain of the novel species Micromonospora coriariae sp. nov.
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Blastococcus jejuensis sp. nov., an actinomycete from beach sediment, and emended description of the genus Blastococcus Ahrens and Moll 1970
More LessA novel actinomycete, strain KST3-10T, was isolated from sand sediment of a beach in Jeju, Korea, and was subjected to polyphasic taxonomic characterization. The organism produced circular, smooth, translucent, apricot-coloured colonies comprising coccoid- or rod-shaped cells. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the organism belonged to the family Geodermatophilaceae and consistently formed a distinct sub-branch outside the radiation of the genus Blastococcus. The organism showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 98.2 % with respect to Blastococcus aggregatus DSM 4725T and 98.1 % with respect to Blastococcus saxobsidens BC444T. The type strains of the two Blastococcus species shared 98.2 % sequence similarity with respect to each other, whereas the levels of sequence similarity between the novel organism and the type strains of the less closely related neighbours, Modestobacter multiseptatus and Geodermatophilus obscurus, were in the range 96.2–96.9 %. The physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic data revealed that the novel organism can be readily differentiated from members of the genus Blastococcus and that it merits separate species status. On the basis of the phenotypic and genotypic evidence, strain KST3-10T represents a novel species of the genus Blastococcus, for which the name Blastococcus jejuensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KST3-10T (=NRRL B-24440T=KCCM 42251T).
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Yonghaparkia alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae isolated from an alkaline soil
More LessTwo Gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped actinomycete strains, KSL-113T and KSL-133, were isolated from an alkaline soil in Korea, and their taxonomic positions were investigated by using a polyphasic approach. The strains grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 9.0. Phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic similarities indicated that strains KSL-113T and KSL-133 represent the same species. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains KSL-113T and KSL-133 fell within the family Microbacteriaceae of the suborder Micrococcineae, the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values (98.2 %) being obtained with respect to Microcella putealis CV-2T. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strains KSL-113T and KSL-133 and the other members of the family Microbacteriaceae used in the phylogenetic analysis were less than 96.0 %. Strains KSL-113T and KSL-133 could be clearly distinguished from members of the family Microbacteriaceae on the basis of differences in chemotaxonomic properties, including the predominant menaquinone type, the cell-wall peptidoglycan type and the fatty acid profile. Accordingly, on the basis of the combined phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strains KSL-113T and KSL-133 constitute a novel genus and species of the family Microbacteriaceae, for which the name Yonghaparkia alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Yonghaparkia alkaliphila is KSL-113T (=KCTC 19126T=CIP 108920T).
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Kribbia dieselivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Intrasporangiaceae
More LessTwo Gram-positive, catalase-positive, irregular short rod- or coccoid-shaped bacterial strains, N113T and R33, were isolated from an enrichment culture with diesel oil-degradation activity and their taxonomic positions were investigated using a polyphasic approach. Phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic similarities indicated that strains N113T and R33 were representatives of the same species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains N113T and R33 form a lineage independent from those of members of the family Intrasporangiaceae. The novel isolates had cell-wall peptidoglycan based on meso-diaminopimelic acid, MK-8(H4) as the predominant menaquinone and 10-methyl-C18 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acids. The DNA G+C contents were 69.6–69.9 mol%. These chemotaxonomic properties, together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, distinguish the two novel strains from recognized members of the family Intrasporangiaceae. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strains N113T (=KCTC 19143T=JCM 13585T) and R33 are classified as representatives of a novel genus and species, Kribbia dieselivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
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- Archaea
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Halobacterium jilantaiense sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a saline lake in Inner Mongolia, China
More LessA novel halophilic archaeon, NG4T, was isolated from Jilantai salt lake in Inner Mongolia, China. The taxonomy of strain NG4T was studied by polyphasic methods. Strain NG4T grew at pH 5.5–8.5 and at a temperature of 22–55 °C. It was chemo-organotrophic, aerobic and required concentrations of 2.7–5.2 M NaCl and 0.05–0.3 M Mg2+ for growth. Cells were Gram-negative, slender rods. Colonies on agar plates containing 25 % (w/v) total salts were red, elevated and round. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain NG4T was phylogenetically related to Halobacterium salinarum DSM 3754T (98.2 %) and Halobacterium noricense A1T (97.3 %). The DNA G+C content was 64.2 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness values with Hbt. salinarum DSM 3754T and Hbt. noricense A1T were 47 and 35 %, respectively. The polar lipids of strain NG4T consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, methylated phosphatidylglycerol phosphate, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate, triglycosyl diether, sulfated triglycosyl diether and sulfated tetraglycosyl diether. It was concluded that strain NG4T represents a novel species of the genus Halobacterium, for which the name Halobacterium jilantaiense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NG4T (=CGMCC 1.5337T=JCM 13558T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Lishizhenia caseinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the phylum Bacteroidetes
More LessA light-orange, aerobic bacterium, strain UST040201-001T, that degrades casein, gelatin and Tween 20, was isolated in February 2004 from a sand-filtered seawater sample from Port Shelter, Hong Kong SAR, China. The strain possessed menaquinone-6 and its 16S rRNA gene sequence shared only 90.1 % similarity with that of Brumimicrobium glaciale IC156T. Phylogenetic analysis showed that UST040201-001T formed a distinct lineage within the family Cryomorphaceae. Its ecophysiological and biochemical characteristics suggest that this strain represents a novel genus and species within the phylum Bacteroidetes. The name Lishizhenia caseinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Lishizhenia caseinilytica is UST040201-001T (=NRRL B-41434T=JCM 13821T).
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Description of Wautersiella falsenii gen. nov., sp. nov., to accommodate clinical isolates phenotypically resembling members of the genera Chryseobacterium and Empedobacter
A total of 26 isolates of non-fermenting, Gram-negative rods, obtained between 1980 and 2004 by various clinical laboratories in Belgium, with phenotypic characteristics resembling those of members of the genera Chryseobacterium and Empedobacter (indole-positive) and a biochemical profile resembling that of CDC group II-h, but urease-positive, were collected at the Université Catholique de Louvain Microbiology Laboratory, Belgium. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for most of the isolates and showed 94–95 % similarity with the type strain of Empedobacter brevis as the closest relative, indicating that these isolates might belong to a separate genus. Furthermore, the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the isolates were similar, but two clusters (genomovars) could be distinguished. The sequence similarities were 99.5–100 % for the 14 isolates of genomovar 1 and 99.4–100 % for the 12 isolates of genomovar 2. The similarity between the two clusters was 98.3–99.5 %. The presence of two clearly different groups was corroborated by using tRNA intergenic length polymorphism analysis, which also enabled differentiation of the novel species from all other species studied thus far using this technique. DNA–DNA hybridization results excluded a close relatedness to Empedobacter brevis. The DNA G+C contents of the reference strains of genomovars 1 and 2 were 33.8±0.4 and 34.4±0.2 mol%, respectively. The name Wautersiella falsenii gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for this group, comprising two closely related genomovars. The type strain of the species and reference strain for genomovar 1 is NF 993T (=CCUG 51536T=CIP 108861T), which was isolated from a surgical wound. The reference strain for genomovar 2 is NF 770 (=CCUG 51537=CIP 108860), which was isolated from blood.
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Mesonia mobilis sp. nov., isolated from seawater, and emended description of the genus Mesonia
The taxonomic position of a novel marine, heterotrophic, strictly aerobic, gliding and yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain KMM 6059T, was determined. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that this strain represents a member of the genus Mesonia. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data showed that the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Mesonia, for which the name Mesonia mobilis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMM 6059T (=KCTC 12708T=LMG 23670T). An emended description of the genus Mesonia based on the new data is also given.
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Flavobacterium croceum sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge
A Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain EMB47T, was isolated from activated sludge performing enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor. Growth was observed between 10 and 40 °C (optimum, 25–35 °C) and between pH 5.0 and 8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5–8.0). The predominant fatty acids of strain EMB47T were iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 1 G, C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C14 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 and it contained phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine as polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 40.8 mol% and the major quinone was MK-6. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that strain EMB47T formed a distinct phyletic line within the genus Flavobacterium. The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with respect to Flavobacterium species were below 94.7 %. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular data, strain EMB47T represents a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium croceum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EMB47T (=KCTC 12611T=DSM 17960T).
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Flaviramulus basaltis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from seafloor basalt
More LessFour yellow-pigmented, Gram-negative, motile strains were isolated from the glassy rind of submarine basaltic lava from the Jan Mayen area of the Norwegian/Greenland Sea at a depth of 1300 m below sea level. The four strains had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and were indistinguishable in all phenotypic and chemotypic tests performed, indicating that they belonged to the same species. The strains had an obligately aerobic chemo-organotrophic metabolism. The strains were capable of growth at temperatures between −2 and 34 °C, at pH between 6.5 and 8.6, and at sea salt concentrations between 3 and 60 g l−1. The strains were able to utilize organic acids, amino acids and sugars but not alcohols; they were also capable of hydrolysing a wide range of macromolecules. The predominant fatty acids were 15 : 0 iso, 15 : 1 iso, 15 : 0 iso 3-OH and 17 : 0 iso 3-OH. The mean DNA G+C content of the strains was 31.4 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strains were affiliated to the genera Gaetbulibacter and Algibacter. However, phenotypic characteristics, especially aerobic metabolism, suggested that the strains should be placed within a new genus. On the basis of the polyphasic characterization of the four strains, it is suggested that the strains be included in the family Flavobacteriaceae as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Flaviramulus basaltis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H35T (=CIP 109091T=DSM 18180T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Marinomonas ostreistagni sp. nov., isolated from a pearl-oyster culture pond in Sanya, Hainan Province, China
A Gram-negative, aerobic, halophilic, neutrophilic, rod-shaped, non-pigmented, polar-flagellated bacterium, UST010306-043T, was isolated from a pearl-oyster culture pond in Sanya, Hainan Province, China in January 2001. This marine bacterium had an optimum temperature for growth of between 33 and 37 °C. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain was closely related to Marinomonas aquimarina and Marinomonas communis, with 97.5–97.7 and 97.1 % sequence similarity, respectively. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness to the type strains of these species were well below 70 %. Analyses of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxomonic characteristics showed that strain UST010306-043T was distinct from currently established Marinomonas species. A novel species with the name Marinomonas ostreistagni sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate this bacterium, with strain UST010306-043T (=JCM 13672T=NRRL B-41433T) as the type strain.
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Roseomonas aquatica sp. nov., isolated from drinking water
More LessStrain TR53T, a Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming and strictly aerobic coccobacillus, isolated from the drinking water distribution system of Seville, Spain, was subjected to polyphasic taxonomic analysis using a combination of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic features. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TR53T had highest similarity to members of the genus Roseomonas, with sequence similarity values between 95.7 % (to Roseomonas genomospecies 5 strain ATCC 49960) and 94.0 % (to Roseomonas gilardii subsp. rosea ATCC 49956T). On the basis of its phenotypic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence data and DNA G+C content (68.6 mol%), strain TR53T represents a novel species of the genus Roseomonas, for which the name Roseomonas aquatica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Roseomonas aquatica is TR53T (=CECT 7131T=JCM 13556T).
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Byssovorax cruenta gen. nov., sp. nov., nom. rev., a cellulose-degrading myxobacterium: rediscovery of ‘Myxococcus cruentus’ Thaxter 1897
More LessA rare, cellulose-decomposing myxobacterium is described, and a new genus name, Byssovorax, is proposed for it. The organism is almost certainly identical to the species ‘Myxococcus cruentus’ Thaxter 1897 , and that species epithet is therefore revived for the novel bacterium: the type strain of Byssovorax cruenta gen. nov., sp. nov., nom. rev. is strain By c2T (=DSM 14553T=CIP 108850T). The G+C content of its DNA is 69.9 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence shows that the species belongs to the family Polyangiaceae, suborder ‘Sorangineae’, of the Myxococcales. An emended description of the organism is given.
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Rickettsia asiatica sp. nov., isolated in Japan
More LessThe characterization of a novel Rickettsia species, first isolated from Ixodes ovatus ticks in Japan in 1993, is described for which the name Rickettsia asiatica sp. nov. is proposed. Using multilocus sequence comparison, five rickettsial isolates from I. ovatus collected at various locations in Japan were found to be identical but belonged to a novel species. Serotyping also demonstrated this rickettsia to be distinct from previously described Rickettsia species. The type strain of Rickettsia asiatica sp. nov. is IO-1T (=CSUR R2T). Following discussions held at the meeting of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) and its Judicial Commission (JC) in San Francisco, 2005, and in anticipation of the published minutes of the JC and ICSP, a committee consisting of the chairman of the ICSP, the chairman of the Judicial Commission of the ICSP and the Editor of the IJSEM has granted an exception in this case to the Rule governing the deposit of type material in two different collections in two different countries.
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Thiomicrospira halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium from hypersaline lakes
Enrichments at 2 M NaCl and pH 7.5–8, with thiosulfate or sulfide as electron donor, inoculated with sediments from hypersaline chloride–sulfate lakes of the Kulunda Steppe (Altai, Russia) resulted in the domination of two different groups of moderately halophilic, chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Under fully aerobic conditions with thiosulfate, bacteria belonging to the genus Halothiobacillus dominated while, under microaerophilic conditions, a highly motile, short vibrio-shaped phenotype outcompeted the halothiobacilli. Three genetically and phenotypically highly similar vibrio-shaped isolates were obtained in pure culture and one of them, strain HL 5T, was identified as a member of the Thiomicrospira crunogena cluster by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The new isolates were able to grow with thiosulfate as electron donor within a broad salinity range from 0.5 to 3.5 M NaCl with an optimum at 1.5 M and within a pH range from 6.5 to 8.5 with an optimum at pH 7.5–7.8. Comparative analysis of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) gene sequences demonstrated that strain HL 5T possessed two genes, cbbL-1 and cbbL-2, of the form I RuBisCO and a cbbM gene of the form II RuBisCO, similar to the other members of the Thiomicrospira crunogena cluster. On the basis of phenotypic and genetic comparison, the new halophilic isolates are proposed to be placed into a novel species, Thiomicrospira halophila sp. nov. (type strain HL 5T=DSM 15072T=UNIQEM U 221T).
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Paracoccus homiensis sp. nov., isolated from a sea-sand sample
Strain DD-R11T, isolated from a sea-sand sample from Homi Cape, Pohang city, South Korea, was a Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore-forming, rod- to ovoid-shaped bacterium. Colonies grown on marine agar were circular, convex and colourless to creamy white. Growth occurred between 10 and 40 °C (optimum 25–30 °C) and at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum pH 6.0–8.0). The strain could grow in up to 15 % NaCl (optimum 3–5 % NaCl). According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain was a member of the genus Paracoccus in the Alphaproteobacteria. Sequence similarities to type strains of the genus Paracoccus were between 94.6 and 98.3 %, showing the highest sequence similarity to Paracoccus zeaxanthinifaciens ATCC 21588T. The DNA–DNA relatedness value of strain DD-R11T and P. zeaxanthinifaciens ATCC 21588T was 27 %. Strain DD-R11T was characterized by having ubiquinone 10 as the major respiratory quinone and C18 : 1 ω7c as the predominant fatty acid. The DNA G+C content was 63.0 mol%. On the basis of its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, it is suggested that DD-R11T represents a novel species of the genus Paracoccus, for which the name Paracoccus homiensis sp. nov. is proposed, with DD-R11T (=KACC 11518T=DSM 17862T) as the type strain.
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Starkeya koreensis sp. nov., isolated from rice straw
More LessA facultatively chemolithoautotrophic, Gram-negative, aerobic, highly curved rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, strain Jip08T, was isolated from rice straw in Daejeon, South Korea. Strain Jip08T produced colourless colonies (1.0–1.5 mm) on R2A medium after 3 days. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain Jip08T was shown to belong to the α-2 subclass of the Proteobacteria, and was most closely related to Starkeya novella IAM 12100T (98.6 %), Angulomicrobium tetraedale DSM 5895T (98.1 %), Angulomicrobium amanitiforme NCIMB 1785T (98.0 %), Ancylobacter aquaticus ATCC 25396T (96.6 %) and Methylorhabdus multivorans DM13T (95.8 %), all of which belong to the family Hyphomicrobiaceae. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain Jip08T was 69 mol%. Chemotaxonomic data [major ubiquinone, Q-10; major fatty acids, C18 : 1 isomer (summed feature of C18 : 1 ω7c/ω9t/ω12t), C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C16 : 0], 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and some morphological and physiological features supported the affiliation of strain Jip08T to the genus Starkeya. However, DNA–DNA hybridization data and some phenotypic properties showed that strain Jip08T could be distinguished from the single known Starkeya species and represented a novel species, for which the name Starkeya koreensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Jip08T (=KCTC 12212T=NBRC 100963T=IAM 15215T).
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Burkholderia ferrariae sp. nov., isolated from an iron ore in Brazil
A Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacterial strain with the ability to solubilize highly insoluble phosphatic minerals was isolated from a high-phosphorous iron ore from Minas Gerais State, Brazil. This strain, designated FeGl01T, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that it formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the genus Burkholderia together with several other species of the genus, e.g. Burkholderia sacchari, Burkholderia tropica and Burkholderia unamae. Partial nucleotide sequencing and analysis of the recA gene roughly corroborated the phylogenetic position of strain FeGl01T within the genus Burkholderia. The chemotaxonomic properties of strain FeGl01T, such as ubiquinone Q-8 as the predominant quinone system and C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo, C18 : 1 ω7c and C19 : 0 ω8c cyclo as the major fatty acids, were also consistent with its classification within the genus Burkholderia. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments between strain FeGl01T and the type strains of B. unamae, B. sacchari and B. tropica yielded reassociation values of 40 % or lower, which, together with qualitative and quantitative differences in fatty acid composition and with differences in several phenotypic traits, support the separation of the new isolate from the phylogenetically most closely related species. Therefore, it is suggested that strain FeGl01T represents a novel species of the genus Burkholderia, for which the name Burkholderia ferrariae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FeGl01T (=LMG 23612T=CECT 7171T=DSM 18251T).
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Massilia aurea sp. nov., isolated from drinking water
More LessA Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped organism, strain AP13T, able to produce yellow-pigmented colonies, was isolated from the drinking water distribution system of Seville (Spain) and was characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. In 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain AP13T exhibited 96.9–95.6 % similarity with respect to the five recognized species of the genus Massilia. The DNA G+C content of strain AP13T was 66.0 mol%, a value that supports the affiliation of strain AP13T to the genus Massilia. DNA–DNA hybridization data and phenotypic properties confirmed that strain AP13T represents a novel species of the genus Massilia, for which the name Massilia aurea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AP13T (=CECT 7142T=CCM 7363T=DSM 18055T=JCM 13879T).
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Bowmanella denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from seawater from An-Ping Harbour, Taiwan
More LessA heterotrophic, non-fermentative, denitrifying isolate, designated strain BD1T, was obtained from a seawater sample collected in the shallow coastal region of An-Ping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan. The cells of strain BD1T were Gram-negative. Cells grown in broth cultures were curved rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred between 10 and 40 °C, with an optimum at 30–35 °C. Strain BD1T grew in NaCl levels of 0–10 %, with better growth occurring at 1–3 %. It grew aerobically and could achieve anaerobic growth by adopting a denitrifying metabolism with nitrate or nitrous oxide as the terminal electron acceptor. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C15 : 0 iso 2-OH). The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine (56.6 %) and phosphatidylglycerol (43.4 %). The isoprenoid quinones were Q-8 (81.5 %), Q-9 (11.1 %) and Q-10 (7.4 %). The DNA G+C content was 50.0 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BD1T formed a distinct lineage in the Gammaproteobacteria and that it exhibited the highest level of sequence similarity with species of the genera Alteromonas (92.8–93.7 %), Aestuariibacter (93.0 %), Glaciecola (90.4–92.7 %) and Salinimonas (91.8 %). Strain BD1T was distinguishable from species of these genera by the presence of Q-9 and Q-10. Phenotypically, strain BD1T was also distinguishable from species of these genera in that it did not require NaCl for growth and was capable of denitrification. On the basis of the polyphasic data from this study, the isolate represents a novel species within a novel genus, for which the name Bowmanella denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Bowmanella denitrificans is BD1T (=BCRC 17491T=JCM 13378T).
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Pseudolabrys taiwanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an alphaproteobacterium isolated from soil
A Gram-negative, short rod-shaped micro-organism (CC-BB4T) was isolated on nutrient agar from soil from Sinshe in Taichung County, Taiwan. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that this isolate was novel, as it showed <92 % similarity to the sequences of species of the genera Labrys, Beijerinckia and Methylocystis. The micro-organism did not utilize methylamine or methanol as a substrate, but was able to use several organic acids. The fatty acid profile was different from those reported for the genera Labrys, Beijerinckia, Methylocystis, Angulomicrobium, Methylorhabdus and Methyloarcula. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strain CC-BB4T represents a novel genus, for which the name Pseudolabrys gen. nov. is proposed. The type species is Pseudolabrys taiwanensis sp. nov., and the type strain of P. taiwanensis is CC-BB4T (=CCUG 51779T=CIP 108932T).
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Morganella psychrotolerans sp. nov., a histamine-producing bacterium isolated from various seafoods
More LessMesophilic Morganella morganii (n=6) and psychrotolerant M. morganii-like isolates from various seafoods (n=13), as well as clinical M. morganii isolates (n=3), were characterized by using a polyphasic approach including multi-locus sequencing. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the 22 strains were divided into two distinct groups comprising mesophilic and psychrotolerant isolates, respectively. This classification was supported by DNA–DNA hybridization studies, whereby a psychrotolerant isolate (strain U2/3T) showed 41.0 and 17.8 % relatedness to the type strains of the mesophilic species Morganella morganii subsp. morganii (strain LMG 7874T) and Morganella morganii subsp. sibonii (strain DSM 14850T), respectively. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed a similarity of 98.6 % between mesophilic and psychrotolerant isolates. However, fragments of seven protein-encoding housekeeping genes (atpD, dnaN, gyrB, hdc, infB, rpoB and tuf) all showed less than 90.9 % sequence similarity between the two groups. The psychrotolerant isolates grew at 0–2 °C and also differed from the mesophilic M. morganii isolates with respect to growth at 37 °C and in 8.5 % (w/v) NaCl and fermentation of d-galactose. The psychrotolerant strains appear to represent a novel species, for which the name Morganella psychrotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is U2/3T (=LMG 23374T=DSM 17886T).
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- Eukaryotic Micro-Organisms
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Metschnikowia orientalis sp. nov., an Australasian yeast from nitidulid beetles
More LessA novel species, Metschnikowia orientalis sp. nov., is described for haploid, heterothallic yeasts isolated from nitidulid beetles sampled in flowers in Rarotonga in the Cook Islands, and the Cameron Highlands of Malaysia. As evidenced by analysis of D1/D2 large subunit rDNA sequences, the species is related to Candida hawaiiana, to which it is similar in growth responses. Cylindrical, conjugated asci and acicular ascospores of moderate size are formed. Rudimentary mating reactions were observed with Metschnikowia aberdeeniae and Metschnikowia continentalis, but not with C. hawaiiana. The type strain of M. orientalis is UWOPS 99-745.6T (h+) (=CBS 10331T=NRRL Y-27991T) and the designated allotype is UWOPS 05-269.1 (h−) (=CBS 10330=NRRL Y-27992).
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- Other Gram-Positive Bacteria
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Syntrophomonas cellicola sp. nov., a spore-forming syntrophic bacterium isolated from a distilled-spirit-fermenting cellar, and assignment of Syntrophospora bryantii to Syntrophomonas bryantii comb. nov.
More LessA spore-forming, anaerobic, syntrophic fatty-acid-oxidizing bacterium, strain 19J-3T, was isolated from a distilled-spirit-fermenting cellar in Hebei Province, China. The cells were slightly curved rods with a spore at the end of the cell. The optimal temperature for growth was around 37 °C and growth occurred in the range 25–45 °C. The pH range for growth was 6.5–8.5 and the optimum pH was 7.0–7.5. Crotonate was the only substrate that allowed the strain to grow in pure culture. However, the strain could oxidize saturated fatty acids with four to nine carbon atoms syntrophically in co-culture with Methanobacterium formicicum DSM 1535T. The strain was not able to utilize sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, DMSO, nitrate, fumarate or Fe(III) as electron acceptor. The DNA base composition was 48.8 mol% G+C. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain 19J-3T was related to members of the family Syntrophomonadaceae and most closely to Syntrophospora bryantii DSM 3014T (94.3 % similarity) and Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. wolfei DSM 2245T (93.6 % similarity). Considering the phylogenetic relationship and phenotypic features, strain 19J-3T (=CGMCC 1.5041T=JCM 13582T) is designated as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Syntrophomonas, Syntrophomonas cellicola sp. nov. Based on the close phylogenetic relationship between the genera Syntrophospora and Syntrophomonas, the presence of sporulation-specific genes in the genome of Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. wolfei DSM 2245T and the description of a spore-forming member of Syntrophomonas, ‘Syntrophomonas erecta subsp. sporosyntropha’, we propose the assignment of Syntrophospora bryantii to the genus Syntrophomonas as Syntrophomonas bryantii comb. nov.
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Paenibacillus sepulcri sp. nov., isolated from biodeteriorated mural paintings in the Servilia tomb
More LessIn 2001, a Gram-variable, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming bacterium isolated from biodeteriorated mural paintings in the Servilia tomb of the Roman necropolis of Carmona was deposited as Paenibacillus strain LMG 19508. Subsequently, the strain was characterized in detail using phenotypic and molecular methods. The 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed that the strain belongs to the genus Paenibacillus and indicated its relationship to Paenibacillus mendelii CCM 4839T (96.7 % sequence similarity). The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid of the A1γ type. The DNA G+C content (50 mol%) and the major fatty acid (anteiso-C15 : 0) of strain LMG 19508T were also consistent with its affiliation to the genus Paenibacillus. DNA–DNA hybridization distinguished strain LMG 19508T from other phylogenetically related Paenibacillus species. Therefore, the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Paenibacillus sepulcri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCM 7311T (=LMG 19508T).
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Oenococcus kitaharae sp. nov., a non-acidophilic and non-malolactic-fermenting oenococcus isolated from a composting distilled shochu residue
More LessSix strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated in Japan from a composting distilled shochu residue. The six isolates grew poorly on MRS agar and slowly in MRS broth. The 16S rRNA gene sequences did not show high levels of similarity to those of the recognized species of lactic acid bacteria, and formed a subcluster within the cluster comprising obligately heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria closely related to Oenococcus oeni. The levels of DNA–DNA relatedness revealed that the isolates belonged to the same taxon and were genetically separate from O. oeni. Furthermore, various phenotypic characteristics such as the optimum pH for growth, malolactic fermentation and resistance to 10 % ethanol revealed that the isolates are distinguishable from O. oeni. On the basis of their phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Oenococcus kitaharae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NRIC 0645T (=JCM 13282T=DSM 17330T).
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Reclassification of Thermoterrabacterium ferrireducens as Carboxydothermus ferrireducens comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Carboxydothermus
More LessSimilarities in phylogeny and metabolic properties between the type species of two monospecific genera of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans and Thermoterrabacterium ferrireducens, and analysis of their recently available 16S rRNA gene sequences warranted clarification of their taxonomic positions. We have determined that the value of DNA–DNA hybridization between the type strains is 53 %. Additional physiological studies revealed that C. hydrogenoformans Z-2901T is capable of Fe(III) reduction with H2 as an electron donor and ferrihydrite as an electron acceptor. T. ferrireducens JW/AS-Y7T is able to grow and utilize CO with ferrihydrite as an electron acceptor without hydrogen or acetate production. We therefore reclassify Thermoterrabacterium ferrireducens as Carboxydothermus ferrireducens comb. nov. (type strain JW/AS-Y7T=DSM 11255T=VKM B-2392T). The description of the genus Carboxydothermus is emended to include such important physiological properties as growth on organic compounds and capacity for Fe(III) reduction.
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Polyphasic analysis indicates that Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius and Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius do not merit separate subspecies status
More LessLactobacillus salivarius Rogosa et al. 1953 was described as a homofermentative lactobacillus with two varieties: salivarius, typified inter alia by the ability to ferment rhamnose, and salicinius, characterized by the ability to ferment the glucoside salicin. These varieties have become accepted as subspecies divisions. We have examined the relatedness of 32 L. salivarius strains by a polyphasic approach. Carbohydrate fermentation profile analysis did not support clear distinction of the two subspecies. L. salivarius UCC118 was shown to be facultatively heterofermentative, confirming in silico genome analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequences and 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer region sequences provided no discrimination between any of the strains or subspecies. Broad subdivisions were distinguishable by pulsed-field gel genomic digest patterns, but they did not allow subspecific or phenotypic distinctions. A phylogeny based upon groEL gene sequences was discordant with rhamnose or salicin fermentation data for many taxa, and no reliable phenotypic correlations could be established. In the absence of meaningful taxonomic criteria, we therefore propose that Lactobacillus salivarius comprises a single species with no infraspecific taxa. Based on the present study and literature data, an emended description of the species Lactobacillus salivarius is provided.
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Pediococcus ethanolidurans sp. nov., isolated from the walls of a distilled-spirit-fermenting cellar
More LessTwo novel Pediococcus strains, Z-9T and Z-17, were isolated from a distilled-spirit-fermenting cellar in Hebei Province, China. The cells were Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile cocci and occurred in pairs or tetrads. The strains were facultatively anaerobic and produced only lactic acid [d(−) and l(+) isomers in the ratio 50 : 50] from glucose fermentation. Catalase activity was not present. Both strains were able to grow in 6.5 % ethanol and at pH 3.5, but not in 4 % NaCl. The mean genomic G+C content of the two strains was 39.5±0.5 mol% (39 mol% for the type strain, Z-9T). The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two novel strains and related species of the genus Pediococcus ranged from 98.3 to 98.7 %. The levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain Z-9T and the phylogenetically closely related pediococci Pediococcus damnosus LMG 11484T, Pediococcus inopinatus LMG 11409T, Pediococcus parvulus LMG 11486T and Pediococcus cellicola LMG 22956T were 14.6, 33, 28.7 and 16.8 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, a novel species, Pediococcus ethanolidurans sp. nov., is proposed, with strain Z-9T (=AS 1.3889T=LMG 23354T) as the type strain.
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Proposal of Roseburia faecis sp. nov., Roseburia hominis sp. nov. and Roseburia inulinivorans sp. nov., based on isolates from human faeces
Seven recently cultured bacterial isolates, although similar in their 16S rRNA gene sequences to Roseburia intestinalis L1-82T (DSM 14610T), were not sufficiently related for inclusion within existing species, forming three separate clusters in a 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree. The isolates, which were obtained from human stools, were Gram-variable or Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, slightly curved rods; cells from all strains measured approximately 0.5×1.5–5.0 μm and were motile. Two strains belonging to one cluster (A2-181 and A2-183T) were the only strains that were able to grow on glycerol and that failed to grow on any of the complex substrates tested (inulin, xylan and amylopectin). Strains belonging to a second cluster (represented by M6/1 and M72/1T) differed from the other isolates in their ability to grow on sorbitol. Isolates belonging to a third cluster (L1-83 and A2-194T) were the only strains that failed to grow on xylose and that gave good growth on inulin (strains M6/1 and M72/1T gave weak growth). All strains were net acetate utilizers. The DNA G+C contents of representative Roseburia strains A2-183T, A2-194T, M72/1T and R. intestinalis L1-82T were 47.4, 41.4, 42.0 and 42.6 mol%, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, three novel Roseburia species are proposed, with the names Roseburia hominis sp. nov. (type strain A2-183T=DSM 16839T=NCIMB 14029T), Roseburia inulinivorans sp. nov. (type strain A2-194T=DSM 16841T=NCIMB 14030T) and Roseburia faecis sp. nov. (type strain M72/1T=DSM 16840T=NCIMB 14031T).
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- Evolution, Phylogeny And Biodiversity
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Phylogenetic evaluation of cyanobacteria preserved as historic herbarium exsiccata
More LessDried herbarium specimens of cyanobacteria (exsiccata) deposited over 100 years ago were analysed and characterized using combined morphological and molecular approaches. Six representative coccoid and filamentous cyanobacteria from two historic collections and a 15-year-old air-dried environmental sample were studied. Morphological features observed by light and electron microscopy were correlated with the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Historic identifications achieved by means of classical morphology could thus be confirmed by extracted, amplified and sequenced 16S rRNA gene fragments. The results of this study open the possibility of providing genotypic characterizations to botanical type specimens, thus reconciling the botanical and bacteriological approaches to the taxonomic treatment of these micro-organisms.
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Updated phylogeny of the genus Aeromonas
More LessRecent phylogenetic studies of the genus Aeromonas based on gyrB and rpoD gene sequences have improved the phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences first published in 1992, particularly in the ability to split closely related species. These studies did not include the recently described species Aeromonas simiae and Aeromonas molluscorum and only a single strain of Aeromonas culicicola was available for analysis at that time. In the present work, these Aeromonas species and newly isolated strains of A. culicicola were examined. Sequence analysis indicates that A. simiae and A. molluscorum belong to non-described phylogenetic lines of descent within this genus, which supports the original description of both species. The most closely related species are Aeromonas schubertii and Aeromonas encheleia, respectively, which is consistent with 16S rRNA gene sequencing results. However, while the five strains of A. molluscorum showed nucleotide differences in their gyrB and rpoD gene sequences, the only two known A. simiae strains exhibited identical gene sequences, suggesting that they are isolates of the same strain. On the basis of the rpoD gene sequence phylogeny, A. culicicola strains from the original description and new isolates from drinking water and ornamental fish clustered within the species Aeromonas veronii, suggesting inconsistencies with previous results. Other strains with previously controversial taxonomy and new isolates from other studies were included in this study in order to clarify their phylogenetic affiliation at the species level.
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- International Committee On Systematics Of Prokaryotes
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- Minutes
- Taxonomic Note
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Redefining Paracoccus denitrificans and Paracoccus pantotrophus and the case for a reassessment of the strains held by international culture collections
More LessAn outline of the current taxonomic diversity of the genus Paracoccus is presented. A definitive summary is given of the valid type strains of Paracoccus denitrificans and Paracoccus pantotrophus and of culture collection strains that can be assigned to these species. The case is established for a critical reassessment of the P. denitrificans strains held by international culture collections, to ensure that they are assigned to the correct species.
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- Errata
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
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Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
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Volume 70 (2020)
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Volume 69 (2019)
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Volume 68 (2018)
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Volume 67 (2017)
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Volume 66 (2016)
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Volume 65 (2015)
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Volume 46 (1996)
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Volume 42 (1992)
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Volume 41 (1991)
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Volume 40 (1990)
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Volume 38 (1988)
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Volume 37 (1987)
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Volume 36 (1986)
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Volume 35 (1985)
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Volume 34 (1984)
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Volume 33 (1983)
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Volume 32 (1982)
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Volume 31 (1981)
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Volume 30 (1980)
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Volume 29 (1979)
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Volume 28 (1978)
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Volume 27 (1977)
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Volume 26 (1976)
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Volume 25 (1975)
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Volume 24 (1974)
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Volume 23 (1973)
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Volume 22 (1972)
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Volume 21 (1971)
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Volume 20 (1970)
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Volume 19 (1969)
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Volume 18 (1968)
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Volume 17 (1967)
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Volume 16 (1966)
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Volume 15 (1965)
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Volume 14 (1964)
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Volume 7 (1957)
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Volume 6 (1956)
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Volume 5 (1955)
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Volume 4 (1954)
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Volume 3 (1953)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)